scholarly journals A Statistical Analysis of the Nigerian External Reserveand the Impact of Military and Civilian Rule

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
J. Ohakwe ◽  
I.V. Odo ◽  
C. Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
Constant Variance ◽  
Exponential Trend ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Series Technique

In this paper, the Nigerian External Reserve (ER) for the period 1960 – 2010 was modeled using descriptive time series technique and Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) model. Prior to the analysis the logarithm transformation was found to be the most appropriate to stabilize the variance of the data after the Bartlett's test of homogeneity of variance suggested non-constant variance. Applying the descriptive time series technique on the transformed data, a linear trend was found adequate which suggest an exponential trend for the untransformed data. However, the seasonal indexes were found to be insignificant which implies that the data is completely dominated by the trend. Furthermore, considering that the model obtained using the descriptive time series technique was found inadequate as suggested by the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the irregular component and therefore cannot be used for forecasting, a Box-Jenkins model was then fitted and was found adequate as suggested by the p-value = 0.00 for the modelsignificance. Furthermore using the Relative Percentage Change (RPC) to assess the impact ofthe various regimes on the ER data, it was found that the regimes of General Yakubu Gowon (Rtd) and Alhaji Shehu Shagari respectively had the most positive and negative impact on the ER data. Finally using the cumulative RPC in assessing the impact of civilian and military regimes on the ER data, it was discovered that the military had a higher positive impact than the civilian regimes.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Survey Exploring the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Cancer Care of Adolescents and Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 3201-3213
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn Howden ◽  
Camille Glidden ◽  
Razvan G. Romanescu ◽  
Andrew Hatala ◽  
Ian Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
The Impact

We aimed to describe the negative and positive impacts of changes in cancer care delivery due to COVID-19 pandemic for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in Canada, as well as the correlates of negative impact and their perspectives on optimization of cancer care. We conducted an online, self-administered survey of AYAs with cancer living in Canada between January and February 2021. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with a negative impact on cancer care. Of the 805 participants, 173 (21.5%) experienced a negative impact on their cancer care including delays in diagnostic tests (11.9%), cancer treatment (11.4%), and appointments (11.1%). A prior diagnosis of mental or chronic physical health condition, an annual income of <20,000 CAD, ongoing cancer treatment, and province of residence were independently associated with a negative cancer care impact (p-value < 0.05). The majority (n = 767, 95.2%) stated a positive impact of the changes to cancer care delivery, including the implementation of virtual healthcare visits (n = 601, 74.6%). Pandemic-related changes in cancer care delivery have unfavorably and favorably influenced AYAs with cancer. Interventions to support AYAs who are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of the pandemic, and the thoughtful integration of virtual care into cancer care delivery models is essential.

scholarly journals Does Foreign Direct Investment More Important Than Domestic Direct Investment for Export Structure? Evidence from Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariyo DP Irhamna ◽  
Ely Nurhayati ◽  
Adinda Putri Safira ◽  
Galuh Indra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Export Product

Abstract Scholars have long studied the spillover of FDI on trade. However, there has been limited study which spesifically investigate the impact of FDI on the export structure in a developing country. Does FDI more important than domestic investment for export structure? To examine the question, we test the impact of FDI and DDI on the export structure in time series framework, utilizing data on FDI inflows to Indonesia and export data based on product stage over 1992–2017. The export structure is analyzed based on three categories, namely primary product, intermediate product, and final product. Our results show that domestic investment has a negative impact on the primary export product, while foreign investment has a positive impact on the final export product. The result highlights the importance of domestic and foreign investment in export upgrading.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF OIL PRICE ON STOCK MARKET:EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM US

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-337
Author(s):  
Shanaz hakim , Tugut Tursoy,
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
P Value ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of this research focuses on the interactive relationship among the fluctuation of crude oil prices, the real GDP and the stock market of United State. This empirical investigation uses data is in between 1990 and 2018 with the Vector Auto-regression (VAR) analysis, and multiple regressions with its assumption were used in order to analyses data.  Findings, oil price and economic growth are very important determinates of stock market in US because the p-value of this were less than the common alpha α =0.05. For instance, the crude oil price had positive impact on stock market because for each unit increasing of crude oil price, the stock market will increase by (0.276901) after holding all other variable constant. However, we find that GDP has negative impact on the participations of increasing the stock market.

scholarly journals Oil Prices, Emission Permits Trade of Carbon, and the Dependence Between Their Quantiles

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Baoshuai Zhang ◽  
Yuqin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quantile Regression Method

The relations between carbon and oil market is concerned by many scholars but little research has focused on the dependence between their quantiles. We use Quantile on Quantile Regression method to study the impact of WTI crude oil price and Daqing crude oil price on carbon price and use wavelet analysis to clean and decompose the time series. Results show that the impact of crude oil on carbon is heterogeneous. Research based on the original sequence shows that crude oil price has a positive impact on carbon price at all quantile levels. Research based on decomposition sequence shows that the positive impact of crude oil on carbon begins to weaken, the zero effect begins to increase, and the negative impact also begins to appear. However, the negative impact on carbon price becomes stronger with the stability of the time series data obtained from the decomposition of crude oil price series gradually improving, while the positive impact gradually weakens.

scholarly journals Keseimbangan Kehidupan Kerja Ditinjau dari Beban Kerja dan Dukungan Sosial Pada Polisi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Siti Lucyana Nurhasanah
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Beta Coefficient ◽  
The Impact

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beban kerja dan dukungan sosial terhadap keseimbangan kehidupan kerja pada polisi di Samarinda. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 110 orang anggota polisi di Samarinda yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala keseimbangan kehidupan kerja, beban kerja dan dukungan sosial. Data yang terkumpul di analisis dengan uji analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ada pengaruh beban kerja dan dukungan sosial terhadap keseimbangan kehidupan kerja yaitu dengan nilai F = 44.990, R2 = 0.457, p = 0.000; (2) ada pengaruh beban kerja terhadap keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dengan koefisien beta = -0.322, serta nilai t hitung > t tabel (-3.939 > 1.982) dan nilai p = 0.000 (p < 0.05); (3) ada pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dengan nilai koefisien beta = 0.457, nilai t hitung > t tabel (5.597 > 1.982) dan nilai p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Kontribusi beban kerja dan dukungan sosial dengan keseimbangan kehidupan kerja pada polisi adalah sebesar 45.7 persen. This study aimed to determine the impact of workload and social support on work life balance of Police in Samarinda. This study used quantitative approach. Research subject consist of 110 police officers that chosen using accidental sampling method. Data collection method used in this study was work life balance, workload and social support scale. Research data analyzed with multiple linear regression by the program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 25.0 for Windows.The results showed that: (1) there was positive impact of workload and social support towards work life balance with F value = 44.990, R2 = 0.457 and P value = 0.000; (2) there was negative impact of workload on work life balance with beta coefficient = -0.322, and t count > t table (-3.939 > 1.982) and p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05); (3) there was positive impact of social support on work life balance with beta coefficient = 0.457, t count > t table (5.597 > 1.982) and P value = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Contribution of workload and social support on work life balance of Police in Samarinda amounted to 45.7 percent.

043 Sleep Restriction Affects Memory in Healthy Adults: Preliminary Findings

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A18-A19
Author(s):  
Molly Zimmerman ◽  
Christiane Hale ◽  
Adam Brickman ◽  
Lok-Kin Yeung ◽  
Justin Cochran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Sleep Condition ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Sleep loss has a range of detrimental effects on cognitive ability. However, few studies have examined the impact of sleep restriction on neuropsychological function using an experimental design. The goal of this study was to examine the extent to which maintained insufficient sleep affects cognition in healthy adults compared to habitual adequate sleep. Methods This study used a randomized, crossover, outpatient sleep restriction design. Adults who regularly slept at least 7 h/night, verified by 2 weeks of screening with actigraphy, completed 2 phases of 6 weeks each: habitual sleep (&gt;7 h of sleep/night) or sleep restriction (habitual sleep minus 1.5 h) separated by a 6-week washout period. During the sleep restriction phase, participants were asked to delay their bedtime by 1.5 hours/night while maintaining their habitual wake time. Neuropsychological function was evaluated with the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery at baseline (week 0) and endpoint (week 6) of each intervention phase. The NIH Toolbox evaluates a range of cognitive abilities, including attention, executive functioning, and working memory. General linear models with post hoc paired t-tests were used to assess demographically-adjusted test scores prior to and following each sleep condition. Results At the time of analyses, 16 participants were enrolled (age 34.5□14.5 years, 9 women), 10 of whom had completed study procedures. An interaction between sleep condition and testing session revealed that individuals performed worse on List Sorting, a working memory test, after sleep restriction but improved slightly after habitual sleep (p&lt;0.001). While not statistically reliable, the pattern of test results was similar on the other tests of processing speed, executive function, and attention. Conclusion In these preliminary results from this randomized experimental study, we demonstrated that sleep restriction has a negative impact while stable habitual adequate sleep has a positive impact on working memory, or the ability to temporarily hold information in mind while executing task demands. This finding contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between different aspects of sleep quality (i.e., both sleep restriction as well as the maintenance of stable sleep patterns) on cognition and underscores the importance of routine sleep screening as part of medical evaluations. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Communication and Success of Construction Projects: The Mediating Role of Conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4513
Author(s):  
Summaira Malik ◽  
Muhammad Taqi ◽  
José Moleiro Martins ◽  
Mário Nuno Mata ◽  
João Manuel Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Project Success ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Project Team ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact

The success of a construction project is a widely discussed topic, even today, and there exists a difference of opinion. The impact of communication and conflict on project success is an important, but least addressed, issue in literature, especially in the case of underdeveloped countries. Miscommunication and conflict not only hinder the success of a project but also may lead to conflicts. The focus of this paper was to examine the impact of communication on project success with the mediating role of conflict. By using SPSS, demographics, descriptive statistics and correlation were determined. Smart PLS version 3.0 was used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal accuracy and validity estimates, hypothesis checking and mediation testing. The results showed that formal communication has a negative impact on the success of a construction project, resulting in conflicts among project team members, whereas informal communication and communication willingness have a positive impact on project success because people tend to know each other, and trust is developed. Task, process and relationship conflicts were used as mediating variables. It was found that task conflict effects the relations positively because project team members suggest different ways to do a certain task, and, hence, project success is achieved. On the contrary, process conflict and relationship conflict have a negative impact on communication and project success. Both of these conflicts lead to miscommunication, and project success is compromised. Hence, it is the responsibility of the project manager to enhance communication among project team members and to reduce the detrimental effects of process and relationship conflict on project success.

scholarly journals Environmental Regulation, Environmental Awareness and Environmental Governance Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3960
Author(s):  
Meng-Meng Geng ◽  
Ling-Yun He
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
The People ◽  
The Impact

It is a problem worth thinking about whether the government’s environmental regulation policies can meet the residents’ requirements for environmental quality, and benefit the people. The study of the public’s subjective evaluation can more intuitively judge whether the government’s environmental regulation has realized “ecological benefits for the people”. Based on the data of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2013, this paper studied the impact of environmental regulation and environmental awareness on environmental governance satisfaction by an ordered probit model. The study found that environmental regulation has a significant positive impact on environmental governance satisfaction, while environmental awareness has a significant negative impact on environmental governance satisfaction. We also found that when public environmental awareness is taken into account, the positive relationship between environmental regulation and environmental governance satisfaction is affected. The robustness test proved this conclusion.

scholarly journals Generalized Joint Hypermobility and Anxiety in Adolescents and Young Adults, the Impact on Physical and Psychosocial Functioning

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Janneke de Vries ◽  
Jeanine Verbunt ◽  
Janine Stubbe ◽  
Bart Visser ◽  
Stephan Ramaekers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Joint Hypermobility ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Generalized Joint Hypermobility ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to study the association between the presence of generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) and anxiety within a non-clinical high performing group of adolescents and young adults. Second, to study the impact of GJH and/or anxiety on physical and psychosocial functioning, 168 adolescents and young adults (mean (SD) age 20 (2.9)) were screened. Joint (hyper)mobility, anxiety, and physical and psychosocial functioning were measured. In 48.8% of all high performing adolescents and young adults, GJH was present, whereas 60% had symptoms of anxiety. Linear models controlled for confounders showed that adolescents and young adults with GJH and anxiety had decreased workload (ß (95%CI) −0.43 (−0.8 to −0.08), p-value 0.02), increased fatigue (ß (95%CI) 12.97 (6.3–19.5), p-value < 0.01), and a higher level of pain catastrophizing (ß (95%CI) 4.5 (0.5–8.6), p-value 0.03). Adolescents and young adults with only anxiety had increased fatigue (ß (95%CI) 11 (4.9–19.5). In adolescents and young adults with GJH alone, no impact on physical and psychosocial functioning was found. Adolescents and young adults with the combination of GJH and anxiety were significantly more impaired, showing decreased physical and psychosocial functioning with decreased workload, increased fatigue, and pain catastrophizing. Presence of GJH alone had no negative impact on physical and psychosocial functioning. This study confirms the association between GJH and anxiety, but especially emphasizes the disabling role of anxiety. Screening for anxiety is relevant in adolescents and young adults with GJH and might influence tailored interventions.

The Impact of the Business Environment on the Formalization of Informal Firms. The Case of Kosovo

Südosteuropa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-529
Author(s):  
Kujtim Zylfijaj ◽  
Dimitar Nikoloski ◽  
Nadine Tournois
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe research presented here investigates the impact of the business environment on the formalization of informal firms, using firm-level data for 243 informal firms in Kosovo. The findings indicate that business-environment variables such as limited access to financing, the cost of financing, the unavailability of subsidies, tax rates, and corruption have a significant negative impact on the formalization of informal firms. In addition, firm-level characteristics analysis suggests that the age of the firm also exercises a significant negative impact, whereas sales volume exerts a significant positive impact on the formalization of informal firms. These findings have important policy implications and suggest that the abolition of barriers preventing access to financing, as well as tax reforms and a consistent struggle against corruption may have a positive influence on the formalization of informal firms. On the other hand, firm owners should consider formalization to be a means to help them have greater opportunities for survival and growth.

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