Cross-Modal Sentiment Sensing with Visual-Augmented Representation and Diverse Decision Fusion

The rising use of online media has changed the social customs of the public. Users have become accustomed to sharing daily experiences and publishing personal opinions on social networks. Social data carrying emotion and attitude has provided significant decision support for numerous tasks in sentiment analysis. Conventional methods for sentiment classification only concern textual modality and are vulnerable to the multimodal scenario, while common multimodal approaches only focus on the interactive relationship among modalities without considering unique intra-modal information. A hybrid fusion network is proposed in this paper to capture both inter-modal and intra-modal features. Firstly, in the stage of representation fusion, a multi-head visual attention is proposed to extract accurate semantic and sentimental information from textual contents, with the guidance of visual features. Then, multiple base classifiers are trained to learn independent and diverse discriminative information from different modal representations in the stage of decision fusion. The final decision is determined based on fusing the decision supports from base classifiers via a decision fusion method. To improve the generalization of our hybrid fusion network, a similarity loss is employed to inject decision diversity into the whole model. Empiric results on five multimodal datasets have demonstrated that the proposed model achieves higher accuracy and better generalization capacity for multimodal sentiment analysis.

Implementation of Digital Games in the Teaching Process

We live in a time of intense social change. Technology is advancing every day and is leading to new ways of solving problems, ways of working, as well as the way of coming to knowledge. Digital games as part of modern technology, in addition to being fun, offer the possibility of a different learning concept. Playing digital games, if properly implemented in the teaching process, can have multiple positive effects. If we want to see the teaching of the future, we cannot do that by looking at the teaching of what it is now. We have to watch the children during they play video games. We will see that they are engaged, excited, active as they learn by crossing one level of the game after another. The digital environment has led to the phenomenon that today's children adopt information in a different way than their parents did. Instead of receiving information passively from beginning to end, which was made possible by previous learning technologies such as books, printed materials, television shows, today's children are in an interactive relationship with learning technologies. The application of digital games in teaching enables the encouragement of creativity in children, which is in contrast to the current way of working in schools in which students are mostly offered ready-made solutions. Learning through play is a controlled process of the personal activity of students through which solutions are found and answers to certain questions. The aim of this paper is to point out the influence of digital games on the effects of learning, on the motivation of students, as well as the ways in which they can be implemented in the teaching process. In this way, students' everyday experience in playing digital games, acquired outside of school, could be used for the purpose of transferring and acquiring new knowledge.

РЕЛІГІЙНІ ТЕРМІНИ В ПЕРЕКЛАДІ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ТЕКСТІВ: МІЖКУЛЬТУРНІ ВИМІРИ

The purpose of the study is to indicate the translation strategies and techniques that could be opted for while translating religion-related tourist promotional texts so that the target audience would get interested in the tourist objects.Methods. The analysis is based on the linguacultural approach which presupposes equal attention to linguistic presentation of the translation and its cross-cultural appropriateness. Specifically, we scrutinized the relevance of the equivalents on the textual level (lexical and grammatical correctness), the discourse level (conformity to the tourist discourse standards) and communicative level (maintenance of interactive relationship with the target audience). The method applied in the study is comparative analysis of the Ukrainian-English translation pairs.The results of the study testify to the strong tendency of translation adaptation which seems reasonable while the promotion of the destination is on the agenda. The data show that translation of religion-bound units in tourism promotional materials is predominantly based on the domestication approach, such as cultural adaptation of the religious terms through neutralization, generalization, reduction/compression, etc., and adaptation with explanation, particularly when dealing with specific theological concepts or historical church personalities. The foreignization approach which is implemented in literal translation of some religious terms without explanation is aimed at emphasizing the cultural singularity of the tourist object.Conclusions. Since the translation of religion-related tourist promotional texts is mostly expected to be tar-get-recipient-oriented and transparent, it is cultural adaptation that should be opted for as the dominant strategy whereas the local strategy of preservation (literal or loan translation of religious terms) should be employed in a very sensitive and sensible manner after considering the extra-linguistic and linguistic factors, otherwise the overuse of literal translation will impede effective cross-cultural communication.Key words: strategy, promotional text, source text, target recipient, religion. Мета роботи – визначити перекладацькі стратегії і техніки, якими доцільно послуговуватись під час перекладу туристичних промоційних текстів релігійного спрямування задля того, щоб викликати інтерес цільової аудиторії до туристичних об’єктів.Методи. Лінгвокультурний підхід, на якому ґрунтується аналіз, передбачає рівноцінне урахування як мовного оформлення перекладу, так і його міжкультурної відповідності. Зокрема, досліджено релевантність еквівалентів на текстовому рівні (лексико-граматична коректність), дискурсивному рівні (відповідність стандартам туристичного дискурсу) та комунікативному рівні (підтримка інтерактивного зв’язку з цільовою аудиторією). У роботі застосовано порівняльний аналіз українсько-англійських пар перекладу.Результати роботи засвідчують стійку тенденцію адаптації перекладу, що і є досить очікуваним у туристичному дискурсі. Отримані дані вказують, що переклад релігійно-специфічних одиниць у туристичних промоційних текстах загалом ґрунтується на одомашнювальному підході, зокрема культурній адаптації релігійних термінів шляхом нейтралізації, генералізації, редукції/компресії, тощо, а також адаптації з поясненням, якщо йдеться про специфічні теологічні поняття та історичні церковні особистості. Очужувальний підхід, який реалізується при буквальному перекладі окремих релігійних термінів без пояснення, спрямований на підкреслення культурної унікальності туристичного об’єкта.Висновки. Оскільки переклад туристичних промоційних текстів релігійного спрямування має бути насамперед орієнтованим на цільового реципієнта та зрозумілим, слід послуговуватись саме культурною адаптацією як домінуючою перекладацькою стратегією, в той час як локальну стратегію збереження форми оригіналу (буквальний переклад чи калькування релігійних термінів) варто застосовувати з особливою обережністю, беручи до уваги усі лінгвістичні та екстралінгвістичні фактори, інакше надмірне використання літературного перекладу перешкоджатиме ефективній міжкультурній комунікації.Ключові слова: стратегія, промоційний текст, вихідний текст, цільовий реципієнт, релігія.

Chinese Local Governments’ Behavioral Logic of Early-Warning Information Release Regarding Major Epidemic Outbreaks from the Organizational Analysis Perspective

Based on the three-dimensional ‘organizational goal – organizational field – organizational incen­tive’ analysis framework, this paper attempts to conduct a comparative and diachronic analysis of the behavioral logic of Chinese local governments’ early-warning information release in major epidemic outbreaks. The results of the research show that the organizational goal, field and incentive are highly rel­evant to different strategic choices of whether local governments should, will and are willing to perform their governance function; additionally, different combinations of these elements trigger different lo­cal government behaviors. The organizational goal, field and incentive are the starting point, turning point, and end point of local governments’ behavior­al logic, respectively, while the organizational field is prerequisite for the organizational incentive to work. The organizational goal – organizational field – organizational incentive sequence reflects the se­quence and interactive relationship of local govern­ments’ behavioral logic.

Cardiometabolic risk, biological sex, and age do not share an interactive relationship with cognitive function: A cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

It is unclear whether cardiometabolic risk shares an interactive relationship with age-associated differences in cognition, and whether this relationship varies by biological sex. We conducted a cross-sectional analyses using baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (2010-2015) to examine whether: 1) cardiometabolic risk has an interactive relationship with age-associated cognition; and 2) interactive effects are sex-dependent. We measured memory, executive function, and verbal fluency in the Comprehensive cohort (n=25,830; 45-86 years). Each cognitive domain was modeled using restricted cubic splines for age and each cardiometabolic risk factor (HbA1c, HSCRP, TG, and LDL and HDL cholesterol). Sex was included as a predictor in all models. Wald chi-square statistics were used to determine the relative importance of age, cardiometabolic risk, sex, and their interactive effects on cognition. Age was the most important variable in each model (proportion χ2=34-48%). Biological sex was the second most important variable for memory (proportion χ2=26%), but was unimportant for executive function and verbal fluency (proportion χ2=3-5%). Cardiometabolic risk factors were unimportant predictors in each model (proportion χ2=1-3%). Two and three-way interactions between cardiometabolic risk, age, and sex were also unimportant (proportion χ2=0-2%). Thus, cardiometabolic risk factors did not meaningfully account for age-associated differences in cognition, and these associations (or lack thereof) did not vary by sex. Novelty: Males have poorer age-associated cognitive performance than females Females and males differ in cardiometabolic risk across middle and older adulthood Cardiometabolic risk has a small association with age-associated cognition, and there are no sex differences in this relationship

State-level Citizen Response to COVID-19 Containment Measures in Brazil and Mexico

In Brazil and Mexico, presidents failed to take swift, national action to stop the spread of COVID-19. Instead, the burden of imposing and enforcing public health measures has largely fallen to subnational leaders, resulting in varied approaches within each country and conflicting messaging from elites. We likewise see variation in compliance with social distancing across subnational units. To explain this variation, we contend that citizen responses are driven both by the comprehensiveness of state policies and whether they take cues from national or subnational elites. We hypothesize that support for national and subnational elites, and the nature of the state-level policy response, affect citizen compliance with public health guidelines. In both countries, we find that support for the governor has an interactive relationship with policy response. In Brazil, support for the president is associated with lower compliance. In Mexico, this effect is not present. We argue that these distinct relationships are due to the different cues emerging from each leader.

Financial inclusion, corporate social responsibility and firm performance – analysis of interactive relationship

Purpose Prior studies on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and performance have frequently used unidirectional, single-equation regression although the literature recommends the reciprocal association of CSR with firm performance. This paper aims to elucidate the interactive relationship of CSR spending with financial inclusion (FI) and firm performance. The study also explores the moderating impact of the level of FI on the CSR-firm performance relationship. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a simultaneous equations model to capture the FI, CSR and firm performance relationships and apply a three-stage regression approach and generalised method of moments approach to address possible endogeneity. Findings The results confirm a positive association of CSR spending with performance but a negative relationship of FI with performance. This paper also finds that FI negatively moderates the CSR spending-performance relationship. Practical implications The positive impact of CSR spending and the negative impact of FI on performance in mandatory CSR regimes provides valuable input in policy formulation. The results of the study will also be useful to national and international organisations, such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Originality/value This study uses a simultaneous equations model to capture the reciprocal association of CSR spending with firm performance, whereas prior studies on CSR and performance have frequently used unidirectional, single-equation regression. This paper also finds that FI negatively moderates the CSR spending- performance relationship. Including FI and exploring the moderating impact of the level of FI on the CSR-firm performance relationship is novel.

Using the Choquet Integral for the Determination of the Anxiety Degree

This paper introduces a mathematical model describing how the EEG type waves are processed in order to characterize the level of anxiety. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a recording of the electrical activity of the brain. The main frequencies of the human EEG waves are: Delta, Theta, Alpha (Low Alpha and High Alpha), Beta (Low Beta and High Beta), Gamma. Psychologists' studies show that there is an interactive relationship between anxiety and two factors in the Big Five theory, namely, extraversion and neuroticism. The specialists in psychology state that the anxiety is characterized by LowAlpha, HighAlpha, LowBeta and HighBeta waves. In this regard, we developed a mathematical model through which EEG waves are processed in order to determine the level of anxiety. Our main idea is to use the Choquet integral with respect to a suitable monotone measure in order to characterize the level of anxiety. This measure was obtained using the measurements of the values of EEG waves made on 70 subjects and the corresponding levels of anxiety (established by psychologists) of these subjects. In order to verify our mathematical model (aggregation tool) we used it to determine the level of anxiety of 10 other subjects, comparing our results with the results provided by psychologists (the comparison validated our results).

The Impact of Relationship Quality Between Social Media Influencers and Their Followers on Brand Purchase Intention

Social media influencers (SMI) have been shown to influence the purchase decision-making of their followers. In this respect, it is necessary to explore the interactive relationship between them, i.e., relationship quality. Researchers will not know the extent to which social media influencers affect their followers and their persistence of persuasion until they understand the SMI-follower relationship quality. This study focused on whether the SMI-follower relationship quality enables followers to transfer their trust in SMIs and affects their attitude toward the advertised or recommended product and brand. Furthermore, it explored whether followers’ skeptical attitude toward advertising moderates the relationship between the SMI-follower relationship quality and trust transference, and whether followers’ self-monitoring moderates the relationship between their advertising skepticism and trust transference. This study distributed survey questionnaires online, and obtained a total of 235 valid copies. The data were used to conduct path analysis through the software PROCESS. The empirical data showed that the higher the SMI-follower relationship quality, the more likely are the followers to transfer their trust in SMIs to the advertised or recommended product or brand. In addition, it was found that trust transference positively mediates the impact of relationship quality on brand attitude. Further, the results indicated that the followers’ high level of advertising skepticism negatively moderates the impact of SMI-follower relationship quality on trust transference, and that a high level of self-monitoring inhibits the negative moderating effect of advertising skepticism on the relationship between SMI-follower relationship quality and trust transference to a larger extent.