Comparative Efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera against Insect Pests of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb)

Despite the fact that synthetic insecticides are fast acting, they constitute environmental hazard thereby necessitating the use of ecologically based alternative such as plant based insecticide. This experiment was conducted during the late and early planting seasons of 2011 to determine the insecticidal efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera extracts at three tested concentrations (5, 10 and 20% v/v) against insect pests of watermelon. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results showed that M. oleifera extracts had 62% reduction of Phyllotreta cruciferae compared with T. vogelii which had 45% control. However, T. vogelii extracts had 64% control of Diabrotica undecimpunctata and Bactrocera curcubitea but M. olefera extracts had 50% control. The plant extracts proved effective against studied insects when compared with untreated plots. However, the effectiveness of the two plants extracts were concentration dependent. Therefore, the two plant extracts can be used in the control of insect pests of the watermelon

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Comparative Efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera against Insect Pests of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb)

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.35.71 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 71-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F.O. Alao ◽

T.A. Adebayo

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Block Design ◽

Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽

Insecticidal Efficacy ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Tephrosia Vogelii ◽

Set Up ◽

Fast Acting

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On - Farm Evaluation of Natural Toxicants from Tephrosia Vogelii and Petiveria Alliacea on Megalurothrips Sjostedti and Apion Varium of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata (L) Walp)

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11745 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 575-582 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F O Alao ◽

T A Adebayo ◽

O A Olaniran

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Block Design ◽

Botanical Insecticides ◽

Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽

Petiveria Alliacea ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Tephrosia Vogelii ◽

Set Up ◽

On Farm

The field study was conducted during the planting season of cowpea to evaluate the natural toxicant from Tephrosia vogelii and Petiveria alliacea and their mixture against Megalurothrips sjostedti and Apion varium at three different concentrations (5, 10, and 20% v/v). The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design. The field observations showed that the two insect pests were effectively controlled by the botanical insecticides compared with untreated plants. Also, the plant extracts at 20% and 10% v/v significantly protected cowpea pods and grains from the damage. However, higher grain yield was obtained from the plant treated with 20% v/v compared to those treated with 10%, 5% v/v and untreated plants. Combination of the two plant extracts at 20% v/v had the same efficacy with synthetic insecticide (Decis). Thus, these plant extracts can be used in organic farming. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11745 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 575-582, December 2011

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Comparative Efficacy of Plant Extracts with Synthetic against Insect Pests of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech)

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.19.52 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adeola Foluke Odewole ◽

Fatai Olaitan Alao ◽

Adedayo Akeem Agboola ◽

Bolawaye Folakemi Adedapo

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Block Design ◽

Comparative Efficacy ◽

Synthetic Insecticide ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Better Than

A field study was carried out during the two cropping seasons of okra to investigate the efficacy of plant extracts and synthetic insecticides applied singly and synergistic effect of botanicals with the synthetic insecticide on some insect pests of okra. Plots were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replications. Three insect pests of okra (Podagrica uniformis, Podagrica sjostedti and Zenocerous variegatus) were observed on the field. Cypermethrin applied singly and Cypermethrin combined with plant extracts effectively controlled observed insect pests, followed by lone application of plant extracts (L camara, T. vogelii and Z. officinales plant extracts at 1st and 2nd season. Okra yield revealed that both plant extract and Cypermethrin combined with plant extract were not significantly different from one another at first season and at second season Cypermethrin combined with plant extracts performed better than Cypermethrin applied singly. This study indicates that the studied plant extracts can be good synergist for Cypermethrin in controlling field pest of okra.

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Bioactivity and effects of spraying interval of selected plant extracts for control of pre-flowering insect pests of watermelon (Citrulus lanatus[Thunb.] Matsum. & Nakai)

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2020.116.1.1583 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 116 (1) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Alao FATAI OLAITAN ◽

Adebayo THIMOTY ABIODUN ◽

Olaniran OLADELE ABIODUN

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Insect Infestation ◽

Annona Squamosa ◽

Cashew Nut ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Insecticidal Efficacy ◽

Spraying Plants ◽

Planting Season

This experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of plant extracts of Tephrosial vogelii Hook. f., Moringa oleifera Lam., Annona squamosa L. and cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) at two intervals of spraying against major pre-flowering insect pests of watermelon. The results show that the effectiveness of each plant extracts depends on the interval of spraying. Plants sprayed at 7-day intervals had significantly less insect infestation when compared with that of 10-day interval of spraying. T. vogelii and M. oleifera had higher insecticidal efficacy than A. squamosa and cashew nut extracts but the applied plant extracts had the same insecticidal potential with Lambda-cyhalothrin against the observed insects during late planting season. Therefore, the plant extracts proved to be alternative to synthetic insecticide in the management of insect pests of watermelon at 7-day interval application sequence.

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Seed Yam Production Using High-Quality Minitubers Derived from Plants Established with Vine Cuttings

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 978

Author(s):

Beatrice Aighewi ◽

Norbert Maroya ◽

Lava Kumar ◽

Morufat Balogun ◽

Daniel Aihebhoria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Research Station ◽

International Institute ◽

Tropical Agriculture ◽

Single Node ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

The World ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Set Up

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a valuable food security crop in West Africa, where 92% of the world production occurs. The availability of quality seed tubers for increased productivity is a major challenge. In this study, minitubers weighing 1, 3, and 5 g produced from virus-free single-node vine cuttings of two improved yam varieties (Asiedu and Kpamyo) growing in an aeroponics system were assessed for suitability in seed production at a population of 100,000 plants ha−1. A 3 × 2 factorial experiment with randomized complete block design and three replications was set up during the cropping seasons of 2017 to 2019 at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Research Station in Kubwa, Abuja, Nigeria. Results showed field establishments of 87%–97.8%. Yields differed with minituber size, variety, and cropping season; the highest was 31.2 t ha−1 in 2019 and the lowest, 10 t ha−1 in 2018 from 5 and 1 g Kpamyo minitubers, respectively. The estimated number of tubers produced per hectare by 1, 3, and 5 g minitubers was 101,296, 112,592, and 130,555, with mean weights per stand of 159.2, 187.3, and 249.4 g, respectively. We recommend using less than 6 g minitubers for seed yam production due to their high multiplication rates.

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Bioefficacy of some biorational insecticides for the control of Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877, (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on greenhouse grown cucumber

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.14 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 107 (2) ◽

pp. 419 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Saeed Emami

Keyword(s):

Broad Spectrum ◽

Block Design ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽

Sodium Sulfosuccinate ◽

Set Up

Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 is a serious pest of cucumber in greenhouse plantings. Biorational insecticides are an alternative of broad spectrum insecticides for aphid suppression in greenhouse. In this regards, the efficiency of some biorational insecticides including soap based on coconut oil, surfactant based on sodium sulfosuccinate and antifeeding based on potassium nicotinate were assayed on A. gossypii in the cucumber greenhouse. The trials were set up in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Samplings were carried out one day before spraying and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after spraying. The data were submitted to ANOVA and the means comparison was performed using Duncan’s test. The results indicated that the highest mortality in insecticidal soap, surfactant and antifeeding treatments occurred after 3 days, with 78.47 %, 67.16 % and 60.48 % mortality, respectively. The results of the trials are discussed in terms of improving management of the populations of A. gossypii.

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Alternatives to sowing vegetable type soybeans

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89131998000400007 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 429-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edcarlos Mannfredini ◽

Deonisio Destro ◽

Martin Homechin ◽

Gustavo Sachsida ◽

Édison Miglioranza

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Flowering Plant ◽

Food Type ◽

Individual Plant ◽

Crop Failure ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Set Up ◽

Disposable Plastic

Today, soybean crops of the Tamba Kurodaisu cultivar are sown in beds prior to transplantation to the field. This planting system has caused crop failure due to damage to the root system. An experiment to test different sowing alternatives to obtain plantlets for cropping of food type big seeded soybean was set up with the following treatments: sowing in beds; sowing in 130 cm³ newspaper cups; sowing in test tubes of volumes of 30 cm³, 60 cm³ and 70 cm³; sowing in 70 cm³ disposable plastic cups; sowing on 90 cm³ styrofoam trays. A randomized complete block design was used, and the following traits were assessed: germination percentage; number of days to flowering; plant height at flowering; number of days to maturity; plant height at maturity; number of seeds per plant; individual plant yield; weight of a hundred seeds. Results should that three methods could be used to set up Tamba Kurodaisu cultivar crops: sowing in disposable plastic cups, sowing in beds with later transplant, or direct sowing in the field.

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VARIAÇÃO LONGITUDINAL E EFEITO DO ESPAÇAMENTO NA MASSA ESPECÍFICA BÁSICA DA MADEIRA DE Mimosa scabrella E Ateleia glazioveana

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v43i2.29266 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 327 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elder Eloy ◽

Braulio Otomar Caron ◽

Rômulo Trevisan ◽

Denise Schmidt ◽

Magda Lea Bolzan Zanon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Wood Quality ◽

Basic Density ◽

Technological Characteristic ◽

Diameter At Breast Height ◽

Breast Height ◽

Living Space ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Axial Variation ◽

Set Up

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variação longitudinal e o efeito do espaçamento de plantio na massa específica básica das árvores de Mimosa scabrella Benth e Ateleia glazioveana Baill, aos 36 meses de idade. Analisou-se um experimento instalado em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram definidos em função dos espaçamentos (2,0x1,0 m, 2,0x1,5 m, 3,0x1,0 m e 3,0x1,5 m). Foram avaliadas 72 árvores, sendo essas medidas e cubadas pelo método de Smalian. Em seguida, foram retirados discos nas posições do tronco: 0,10 m (base), 1,30 m do solo (DAP – Diâmetro a Altura do Peito), 25%, 50% e 75% da altura total da árvore, para determinação da massa específica básica. A massa específica básica em árvores de Mimosa scabrella apresentou um decréscimo até a região do DAP, seguido de acréscimo, sem tendência de estabilização com a altura. A Ateleia glazioveana apresentou uma tendência de decréscimo no sentido base-topo das árvores. Os espaçamentos influenciaram a variação da massa específica básica em árvores de Mimosa scabrella e Ateleia glazioveana, não sendo verificada uma variação sistemática positiva ou negativa em relação ao espaço vital proporcionado.Palavras-chave: Variação axial; característica tecnológica da madeira; qualidade da madeira; espaçamento de plantio. AbstractLongitudinal variation and effect of spacing on basic density wood of Mimosa scabrella and Ateleia glazioveana. This study aimed to evaluate the variation in length and effect of spacing of the basic density of Mimosa scabrella Benth e Ateleia glazioveana Baill, trees with 36 months of age. We analyzed an experiment set up in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were defined by the spacing (2.0x1.0 m, 2.0x1.5 m, 3.0x1.0 m, 3.0x1.5 m). 72 trees were evaluated, and these measures and scaled by the method of Smalian. Then, the disks were removed from the trunk positions: 0.10 m (base), 1.30 m (DAP - diameter at breast height), 25%, 50% and 75% of the total height of the tree, determining the basic density. The basic density in trees of Mimosa scabrella showed a decrease to the region of the DAP, followed by addition, without a tendency to stabilize with time. The Ateleia glazioveana showed a decreasing trend towards bottom-up tree. The spacing influenced the variation of basic density in trees of Mimosa scabrella e Ateleia glazioveana not been verified a systematic positive or negative trend in relation to the living space provided. Keywords: Axial variation; technological characteristic of wood; wood quality; planting space.

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Plot size for evaluation of Arabica coffee yield

Acta Scientiarum Agronomy ◽

10.4025/actasciagron.v41i1.42712 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. e42712

Author(s):

Bráulio Fabiano Xavier de Moraes ◽

Fernando Henrique Ribeiro Barroso Toledo ◽

Kaio Olímpio das Graças Dias ◽

Vinícius Teixeira Andrade ◽

Daniel Furtado Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Basic Unit ◽

Parameter Estimates ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Resampling Methods ◽

Arabica Coffee ◽

Plot Size ◽

Coffee Yield ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Set Up

In most cases, in genetic breeding of Arabica coffee, plot size is defined in an empirical manner. It is often based only on the experience of the breeders and the availability of resources, potentially leading to a reduction in precision. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the size of the experimental plot for evaluation of coffee yield. We evaluated two experiments for validation of cultivars with 12 treatments set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and plots composed of 50 plants. Each plant was considered as a basic unit. Estimates of ideal plot size were made by maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation, linear-plateau segmented model and by the resampling methods. We discussed the variations in the parameter estimates for different plot sizes. Divergence was seen among the plot sizes estimated by the different methodologies. Increasing the number of plants per plot led to a higher experimental precision to the point that the increase was no longer significant. The plot size recommended for evaluating coffee production is from seven to 19 plants.

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Performance of Six Genotypes of Tritordeum Compare to Bread Wheat under East Mediterranean Condition

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12229700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 9700

Author(s):

Ioanna Kakabouki ◽

Dimitrios F. Beslemes ◽

Evangelia L. Tigka ◽

Antigolena Folina ◽

Stella Karydogianni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Block Design ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Significance Level ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Gluten Content ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Set Up

Four advanced tritordeum lines were studied and compared to two commercial varieties of tritordeum and wheat cultivars in yield and quality features, in Greece. For this purpose, a two-year experiment was established in the Greek territory. The field experiment was set up in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with blocks, with different lines and varieties. Head emergence was calculated based on Growing Degree Days (GDDs), which was significantly affected by the year. The significance of differences between treatments was estimated by using Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) test with significance level p = 0.05. The weight of 1000 seeds of the two commercial varieties differed from the equivalent weight of 1000 seeds of tritordeum lines, approximately 1 g. Yield was significantly affected by lines/varieties and year. Compared to tritordeum yield, wheat yield marked the highest values. This difference was almost 2 kg ha−1. Gluten content was significantly affected by lines/varieties. The highest gluten content was firstly noticed at wheat GENESIS (34.2%) variety and secondly at tritordeum Aucan (33.2%) variety. Protein was higher in tritordeum lines HT-1704 (15.5%), HT-1707 (15.1%) and Aucan variety (15.2%) during the first experimental year. Tritordeum seems to have significant adaptability to dry conditions in Greece and significant yields compared to the existing commercial varieties and bread wheat.

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