Behind the Legend

In 2017 a new biography, Behind the Legend - The Many Worlds of Charles Todd, by Denis Cryle, was published. The biography seeks to provide a more complete understanding of Charles Todd beyond the single achievement for which he became most famous – the building of the Overland Telegraph Line linking Darwin and Adelaide in 1872. The biography lives up to its promise and sets out in considerable detail the contribution that Todd made in many fields during his long lifetime and period of public service. Those fields include astronomy, meteorology, telegraphy, telecommunications more generally, public administration, and contribution to the processes of federal coordination and cooperation. Todd’s fame and legacy have been heavily bound up with the construction of the Overland Telegraph Line. As Cryle notes, he was dubbed ‘Telegraph Todd’ by the media of the day. It is the stated purpose of Cryle’s biography to do justice to Todd across the full range of his achievements. I think that Cryle succeeds admirably. He has written an engaging book that is thoroughly researched and referenced. It will appeal both to historians and to the general reader without expertise in any of the scientific or technical fields inhabited by Todd.

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Surgeon, Media, Society, Patient

The Changing Scope of Technoethics in Contemporary Society - Advances in Information Security, Privacy, and Ethics ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-5094-5.ch011 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 197-225

Author(s):

Brett Lunceford

Keyword(s):

Plastic Surgery ◽

Cosmetic Surgery ◽

Full Range ◽

Ethical Considerations ◽

Respect For Autonomy ◽

The Media ◽

Media Society ◽

Ethical Failures ◽

The Relationship ◽

Made In

For many, cosmetic surgery holds the promise that one can reshape his or her body to remove perceived defects and thus have a more perfect body. However, the decision to undergo elective cosmetic surgery is not made in a vacuum, and it is easy to overlook the full range of ethical considerations surrounding cosmetic surgery. Many medical ethicists subscribe to an ethical code that centers mainly on the relationship between the doctor and patient, with a focus on respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice. This chapter builds on this framework by extending the scope of actors to include not only the surgeon and the patient but also the media and the overall society. To illustrate this framework, the author uses the example of actress Heidi Montag, who underwent 10 different plastic surgery procedures in one day. The chapter concludes with a discussion of potential correctives for ethical failures in each of these areas.

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The Role of the Media in Corporate Governance

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Business and Management ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190224851.013.87 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Michael K. Bednar

Keyword(s):

Corporate Governance ◽

Cognitive Biases ◽

Future Research ◽

Governance Mechanism ◽

Wide Audience ◽

Corporate Governance Mechanism ◽

The Media ◽

The Many ◽

Made In

Corporate governance scholars have long been interested in understanding the mechanisms through which firms and their leaders are held accountable for their actions. Recently, there has been increased interest in viewing the media as a type of corporate governance mechanism. Because the media makes evaluations of firms and leaders, and can broadcast information to a wide audience, it has the potential to influence the reputation of firms and firm leaders in both positive and negative ways and thereby play a role in corporate governance. The media can play a governance role and even influence firm outcomes by simply reporting about firm actions, giving stakeholders a larger voice with which to exert influence, and through independent investigation. However, despite the potential for the media to play a significant governance role, several barriers limit its effectiveness in this capacity. For example, media outlets have their own set of interests that they must strive to fulfill, and journalists often succumb to several cognitive biases that could limit their ability to successfully hold leaders accountable. While significant progress has been made in understanding the governance role of the media, future research is needed to better understand the specific conditions in which the media is effective in this role. Understanding how social media is changing the nature of journalism is just one example of the many exciting avenues for future research in this area.

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Surgeon, Media, Society, Patient

Research Anthology on Emerging Technologies and Ethical Implications in Human Enhancement ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-8050-9.ch008 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 140-168

Author(s):

Brett Lunceford

Keyword(s):

Plastic Surgery ◽

Cosmetic Surgery ◽

Full Range ◽

Ethical Considerations ◽

Respect For Autonomy ◽

The Media ◽

Media Society ◽

Ethical Failures ◽

The Relationship ◽

Made In

For many, cosmetic surgery holds the promise that one can reshape his or her body to remove perceived defects and thus have a more perfect body. However, the decision to undergo elective cosmetic surgery is not made in a vacuum, and it is easy to overlook the full range of ethical considerations surrounding cosmetic surgery. Many medical ethicists subscribe to an ethical code that centers mainly on the relationship between the doctor and patient, with a focus on respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice. This chapter builds on this framework by extending the scope of actors to include not only the surgeon and the patient but also the media and the overall society. To illustrate this framework, the author uses the example of actress Heidi Montag, who underwent 10 different plastic surgery procedures in one day. The chapter concludes with a discussion of potential correctives for ethical failures in each of these areas.

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MARINE SALVAGE SERVICES AND SPILL PREVENTION IN THE 21st CENTURY

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-579 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1997 (1) ◽

pp. 579-581

Author(s):

John Arnold Witte

Keyword(s):

Union Member ◽

Technological Breakthrough ◽

The Past ◽

Great Progress ◽

The Media ◽

The Many ◽

The Right ◽

Oil Spill Cleanup ◽

Effective Service ◽

Made In

ABSTRACT The past two decades have seen no major technological breakthrough in the field of oil spill cleanup. It is likely that intervention by salvors will remain the preferred solution (“keeping the oil in the ship”). International Salvage Union member companies provide an effective service; they recovered more than 2 million tons of oils and chemicals from 141 ship casualties during 1995. However, spill prevention is an “invisible success” and, as such, doesn't make news. Meanwhile, the media remain strongly attracted to the few spills that still occur. During the past 20 years, great progress has been made in improving maritime safety and reducing the incidence of significant spills. Occasionally, however, things go badly wrong and a major pollution threat develops, together with the potential for huge claims. The members of the International Salvage Union want to take all possible measures to optimize salvage response in such situations. Salvors frequently work together, pooling resources and expertise to maximize operational success. In addition, arrangements are now in place that encourage salvors to respond to spill threats in highly adverse circumstances. Further improvements will materialize if the many parties involved in major casualty response draw closer together. More cooperation between these interests is vital. The new agreement on Article 14 salvage operations negotiated between the International Salvage Union and the International Group of P&I Clubs is an encouraging step in the right direction.

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Sexually Degrading Music Videos and Lyrics

Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications ◽

10.1027/1864-1105/a000060 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Eric L. Sprankle ◽

Christian M. End ◽

Miranda N. Bretz

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Rape Myths ◽

Music Videos ◽

Sexual Content ◽

Sexual Stereotypes ◽

Male Undergraduate ◽

The Media ◽

The Many ◽

Sexually Degrading ◽

Music Lyrics

Utilizing a 2 (lyrics: present or absent) × 2 (images: present or absent) design, this study examined the unique effects of sexually degrading music videos and music lyrics on males’ aggressive behavior toward women, as well as males’ endorsement of rape myths and sexual stereotypes. Under the guise of a media memory study, 187 male undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of four conditions. Despite the many psychological theories predicting an effect, the presentation of sexually degrading content in a visual or auditory medium (or combination thereof) did not significantly alter the participants’ aggression and self-reported endorsement of rape myths and sexual stereotypes. The null findings challenge the many corporate and governmental restrictions placed on sexual content in the media over concern for harmful effects.

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A Handbook to Eddic Poetry: Myths and Legends of Early Scandinavia, ed. Carolyne Larrington, Judy Quinn, and Brittany Schorn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016, xii, 413 pp., 12 b/w ill.

Mediaevistik ◽

10.3726/med012018_366 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 366-366

Author(s):

Albrecht Classen

Keyword(s):

Old Norse ◽

Entire Volume ◽

Cambridge University ◽

Critical Studies ◽

Individual Contributions ◽

The Many ◽

The Individual ◽

Made In ◽

Scandinavian Literature

Eddic poetry constitutes one of the most important genres in Old Norse or Scandinavian literature and has been studied since the earliest time of modern-day philology. The progress we have made in that field is impressive, considering the many excellent editions and translations, not to mention the countless critical studies in monographs and articles. Nevertheless, there is always a great need to revisit, to summarize, to review, and to digest the knowledge gained so far. The present handbook intends to address all those goals and does so, to spell it out right away, exceedingly well. But in contrast to traditional concepts, the individual contributions constitute fully developed critical article, each with a specialized topic elucidating it as comprehensively as possible, and concluding with a section of notes. Those are kept very brief, but the volume rounds it all off with an inclusive, comprehensive bibliography. And there is also a very useful index at the end. At the beginning, we find, following the table of contents, a list of the contributors, unfortunately without emails, a list of translations and abbreviations of the titles of Eddic poems in the Codex Regius and then elsewhere, and a very insightful and pleasant introduction by Carolyne Larrington. She briefly introduces the genre and then summarizes the essential points made by the individual authors. The entire volume is based on the Eddic Network established by the three editors in 2012, and on two workshops held at St. John’s College, Oxford in 2013 and 2014.

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Evidence-based Assessment

The Oxford Handbook of Clinical Psychology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195366884.013.0005 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 76-98

Author(s):

John Hunsley ◽

Eric J. Mash

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Clinical Assessment ◽

Assessment Process ◽

Evidence Based ◽

The Past ◽

Specific Assessment ◽

The Many ◽

Selection Of ◽

Made In

Evidence-based assessment relies on research and theory to inform the selection of constructs to be assessed for a specific assessment purpose, the methods and measures to be used in the assessment, and the manner in which the assessment process unfolds. An evidence-based approach to clinical assessment necessitates the recognition that, even when evidence-based instruments are used, the assessment process is a decision-making task in which hypotheses must be iteratively formulated and tested. In this chapter, we review (a) the progress that has been made in developing an evidence-based approach to clinical assessment in the past decade and (b) the many challenges that lie ahead if clinical assessment is to be truly evidence-based.

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The Technique of the Boyne Carvings

Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society ◽

10.1017/s0079497x00017515 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 156-159

Author(s):

O. G. S. Crawford

Keyword(s):

Presidential Address ◽

Time And Space ◽

East Anglia ◽

Actual Design ◽

The Many ◽

To Receive ◽

Vast Range ◽

Made In

The prudent contributor to a Festschrift will select some subject about which he thinks he knows as much as the professor who is to receive it. That is peculiarly difficult here because of the vast range of Professor Childe's knowledge, both in time and space, far exceeding the present contributor's. This Note is offered as a grateful tribute from one of the many who have been intellectually enriched by his writings and encouraged by his devotion to scholarship. It is little more than an amplification and criticism of the Abbé Breuil's classic Presidential Address to the Prehistoric Society of East Anglia, delivered in 1934; but on the strength of observations made in August and September, 1955, I have come to different conclusions.The Abbé Breuil detected five successive techniques, all of them found on the stones of the Boyne Tombs:(1) Incised thin lines (pl. XIX, B).(2) Picked grooves left rough (pl. XVIII).(3, a) Picked grooves afterwards rubbed smooth; in this and the preceding group ‘it is invariably the line (groove) itself on which the pattern depends, which gives and is the design’.(3, b) Picked areas which ‘only define the limits of the pattern, the surface, left in relief by the cutting down of the background, constituting the actual design’ (pl. xx, B).(4) Rectilinear patterns where also the pattern is residual, consisting of raised ribs, forming triangles or lozenges, left standing by picking away the surrounding surface (pl. xx, A).

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Closing Remarks

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s1743921321000958 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (S367) ◽

pp. 515-517

Author(s):

Debra Meloy Elmegreen

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Education Research ◽

Strategic Plan ◽

Astronomy Education ◽

The Public ◽

The Many ◽

Collaborative Efforts ◽

Made In

AbstractThis symposium has highlighted key first steps made in addressing many goals of the IAU Strategic Plan for 2020–2030. Presentations on initiatives regarding education, with applications to development, outreach, equity, inclusion, big data, and heritage, are briefly summarized here. The many projects underway for the public, for students, for teachers, and for astronomers doing astronomy education research provide a foundation for future collaborative efforts, both regionally and globally.

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