scholarly journals Influence of savory essential oil on the fatty acids composition in the brain and liver with age increasing of akr line mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 604-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Misharina ◽  
E.B. Burlakova ◽  
L.D. Fatkullina ◽  
M.B. Terenina ◽  
N.I. Krikunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Age Related

Age-related alterations of fatty acid composition in liver and brain of AKR mice was investigated. The effect of savory essential oil (Satureja hortensis L.), added with drinking water on fatty acid composition in these organs and the processes of lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes were estimated. It was found that during aging the percentage of saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased while monounsaturated fatty acids increased. The development of leukemia was accompanied by the increase of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids percentage and a decrease of monounsaturated fatty acids amount. In the liver aging caused the increase in the percentage of saturated fatty acids, the decrease of monounsaturated fatty acids, while the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids was not changed. Leukemia (after 8 month) was accompanied by the increase of percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids and the decrease in the amount of oleinic and docosohexaenic acids. The intake of savory essential oil was accompanied by intensification of polyunsaturated fatty acids synthesis in mice liver and reduction of lipid peroxidation products content.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition in trochophores of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis grown under contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
L. L. Kapranova ◽  
L. V. Malakhova ◽  
M. V. Nekhoroshev ◽  
V. V. Lobko ◽  
V. I. Ryabushko
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Fraction

Status of Mytilus galloprovincialis populations in the natural habitat is known to directly depend on development of Black Sea mussel at all its stages, including initial stages of larval ontogenesis, which are very sensitive to environmental pollution. Organic pollutants adversely affect mussel larvae by inhibiting their growth and development. Patterns of mussel reproduction are well studied, which makes it possible to obtain larvae from artificially fertilized eggs of this mollusc species in controlled laboratory conditions. In this work, the fatty acid composition of M. galloprovincialis larvae at the trochophore stage on the 3rd day in the control experiment and under artificial contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in different concentrations is studied for the first time. The fatty acid composition of total lipids in the biomass of larvae obtained on the 3rd day of the experiment was studied by means of gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. Totally, 14 fatty acids were identified in the samples; 59 % of them were saturated fatty acids, 24 % were monounsaturated fatty acids, and 17 % were polyunsaturated fatty acids. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Toolbox of MATLAB software (version 8.2). The totals of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids significantly differed in lipids of M. galloprovincialis trochophores in the experiment with different PCB concentrations. The totals of saturated fatty acids did not significantly differ. The major saturated fatty acids in all mussel trochophores studied were palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids. Their concentration did not significantly change under the exposure to PCBs. The main monounsaturated fatty acids were oleic (C18:1ω9), palmitoleic (C16:1ω7), and vaccenic (C18:1ω7) acids. The fraction of monounsaturated fatty acids was twice as low when exposed to the PCB concentrations 0.1 and 1.0 μg·L−1. However, when the PCB concentration was 10 μg·L−1, the total of these acids did not differ from the control. Among polyunsaturated fatty acids having biological essentiality, it was possible to identify arachidonic (C20:4ω6), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5ω3), and docosahexaenoic (C22:6ω3) acids. The total fraction of omega-3 and omega-6 acids in mussel larvae in the control did not exceed 12.8 %. With an increase of the PCB concentration in the growth medium 0.1 to 1.0 μg·L−1, the fraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased 2.5-fold. At the PCB concentration 10 μg·L−1 and in the sample with pure acetone added, the total fraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids was comparable with that in the control. The results of the study indicate that fatty acid response is the highest when the medium is exposed to the PCB concentrations ranging 0.1 to 1.0 μg·L−1. At the PCB concentrations equal to 10 μg·L−1 or higher, biochemical processes in larvae seem to slow down. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of biochemical rearrangements that allow molluscs at larval developmental stages to adapt to environmental pollution with organic xenobiotics.

Genetic variation in fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat in cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kelly ◽  
R. K. Tume ◽  
S. Newman ◽  
J. M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Selection For

Genetic parameters were estimated for fatty acid composition of subcutaneous beef fat of 1573 animals which were the progeny of 157 sires across seven breeds grown out on pasture and then finished on either grain or grass in northern New South Wales or in central Queensland. There was genetic variation in individual fatty acids with estimates of heritability for the proportions of C14 : 0, C14 : 1c9, C16 : 0, C16 : 1c9, C18 : 0 and C18 : 1c9 fatty acids in subcutaneous beef fat of the order of 0.4 or above. Also substantial correlations between some fatty acids were observed. Genetic correlations between fatty acids and fat depth at the P8 site suggested that much of the genetic variation in fatty acid composition was related to changes in fatness. Selection for decreased fatness resulted in decreased proportions of C18 : 1c9 with concomitant increases in C18 : 0, C14 : 0 and C16 : 0. This suggested that selection for decreased fatness at a given weight will result in a decrease in the proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids in the subcutaneous fat in the carcass with a corresponding increase in the proportions of saturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals The role of lipid components of the diet in the regulation of the fatty acid composition of the rat liver endoplasmic reticulum and lipid peroxidation

1978 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine T. Hammer ◽  
Eric D. Wills
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Lipid Peroxide

The fatty acid compositions of the lipids and the lipid peroxide concentrations and rates of lipid peroxidation were determined in suspensions of liver endoplasmic reticulum isolated from rats fed on synthetic diets in which the fatty acid composition had been varied but the remaining constituents (protein, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals) kept constant. Stock diet and synthetic diets containing no fat, 10% corn oil, herring oil, coconut oil or lard were used. The fatty acid composition of the liver endoplasmic reticulum lipid was markedly dependent on the fatty acid composition of the dietary lipid. Feeding a herring-oil diet caused incorporation of 8.7% eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) and 17% docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6), but only 5.1% linoleic acid (C18:2) and 6.4% arachidonic acid (C20:4), feeding a corn-oil diet caused incorporation of 25.1% C18:2, 17.8% C20:4 and 2.5% C22:6 fatty acids, and feeding a lard diet caused incorporation of 10.3% C18:2, 13.5% C20:4 and 4.3% C22:6 fatty acids into the liver endoplasmic-reticulum lipids. Phenobarbitone injection (100mg/kg) decreased the incorporation of C20:4 and C22:6 fatty acids into the liver endoplasmic reticulum of rats fed on a lard, corn-oil or herring-oil diet. Microsomal lipid peroxide concentrations and rates of peroxidation in the presence of ascorbate depended on the nature and quantity of the polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet. The lipid peroxide content was 1.82±0.30nmol of malonaldehyde/mg of protein and the rate of peroxidation was 0.60±0.08nmol of malonaldehyde/min per mg of protein after feeding a fat-free diet, and the values were increased to 20.80nmol of malonaldehyde/mg of protein and 3.73nmol of malonaldehyde/min per mg of protein after feeding a 10% herring-oil diet in which polyunsaturated fatty acids formed 24% of the total fatty acids. Addition of α-tocopherol to the diets (120mg/kg of diet) caused a very large decrease in the lipid peroxide concentration and rate of lipid peroxidation in the endoplasmic reticulum, but addition of the synthetic anti-oxidant 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol to the diet (100mg/kg of diet) was ineffective. Treatment of the animals with phenobarbitone (1mg/ml of drinking water) caused a sharp fall in the rate of lipid peroxidation. It is concluded that the polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of the diet regulates the fatty acid composition of the liver endoplasmic reticulum, and this in turn is an important factor controlling the rate and extent of lipid peroxidation in vitro and possibly in vivo.

Changes in the lipid content and fatty acid composition of 2nd-stage juveniles of Globodera rostochiensis after rehydration, exposure to the hatching stimulus and hatch

Parasitology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. HOLZ ◽  
D. J. WRIGHT ◽  
R. N. PERRY
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Fraction ◽  
Acid Fraction

The total lipid content of the dry weight of whole cysts and 2nd-stage juveniles (J2) of Globodera rostochiensis was 17·1% in dry cysts, 20·9% in cysts soaked in distilled water (DW), 20·3% in cysts that had been in potato root diffusate (PRD) for 7 days, 7·3% in cysts that had been in PRD for 28 days and 29·2% for hatched J2. The fatty acid composition of the total lipid did not differ between dry cysts, cysts in DW and cysts in PRD for 7 days. However, major differences in the fatty acid composition of all lipid classes were found between rehydrated cysts in PRD and freshly hatched J2. After hatching, the degree of saturation and the percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids decreased and the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased considerably, especially in the free fatty acid fraction, where C20[ratio ]1 showed an 8-fold decrease and C20[ratio ]4 a 33-fold increase. There was a difference in the fatty acid composition of cysts in PRD for 7 days and cysts in PRD for 28 days (after most of the J2 had hatched); with increased time in PRD the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased and the percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids decreased in all lipid classes. Differences in the fatty acid profiles between cysts in PRD for 28 days and hatched J2 were found mainly in the free fatty acid and the non-acidic phospholipid fractions. The free fatty acid fraction of the cysts was dominated by monounsaturated fatty acids (52%), whereas the same fraction of hatched J2 contained large amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (60%). These polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially C20[ratio ]4, might play an important part in nematode–plant interactions during infection.

scholarly journals Composition of human adipose tissue from deep and subcutaneous sites

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. D. BROOK
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography

1. Adipose tissue was obtained simultaneously from subcutaneous and deep sites in children undergoing elective surgery, and from different subcutaneous sites in adults. The lipid content and fatty acid composition were measured using gas-liquid chromatography and the number of cells counted after fixation in osmium tetroxide. The mean amount of lipid per cell was used as a measure of the size of the cells.2. Cells from deep sites in children were significantly smaller (P > 0.001) than those from subcutaneous sites in the same individual. Cells from different subcutaneous sites were of similar size.3. The fatty acid composition of the lipids was similar in tissue taken from the abdominal wall and from deep sites.4. The fatty acid composition of adipose tissue from the lower leg showed an increase in the monounsaturated fatty acids and a decrease in the saturated fatty acids compared with the fatty acid composition of tissue from other subcutaneous sites.

scholarly journals First seasonal investigation of the fatty acid composition in three organs of the Tunisian bivalve Mactra stultorum

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Chetoui ◽  
I. Rabeh ◽  
S. Bejaoui ◽  
K. Telahigue ◽  
F. Ghribi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Adductor Muscle ◽  
Adductor Muscles

This study reveals information for the first time about the total lipid (TL) content and fatty acid composition (FA) of Mactra stultorum (M. corallina). Three edible organs (foot, mantle and adductor muscle) were the subjects of this research in order to determine the most favorable periods for their consumption in relation to seasonal variability. The results showed lower lipid content in the adductor muscles in summer (12.73 ± 2.55 mg/g dry matter); while a higher content was observed in winter (28.97 ± 3.50 mg/g dry matter). However, similar lipid contents were observed in the mantle and foot tissues among the seasons. The fatty acid composition of Mactra stultorum adductor muscles, mantle and foot was dominated by saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Palmitic acid (16:0) was the major saturated fatty acid (SFA) and reached higher levels during summer in the foot (26%), mantle (21%) and adductor muscles (25%). Among PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) showed significant variation among seasons with high levels recorded during winter and spring. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) did not show any remarkable variation among seasons for the three studied tissues. Seasonal changes in fatty acids were observed for all samples, reaching a maximum level in winter or spring.

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in human hindmilk are stable throughout 12-months of lactation and provide a sustained intake to the infant during exclusive breastfeeding: an Italian study

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franca Marangoni ◽  
Carlo Agostoni ◽  
Anna M. Lammard ◽  
Marcello Giovannini ◽  
Claudio Galli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Extended Lactation ◽  
Long Chain

While a wealth of data on the fatty acid composition of mature human milk has been published, limited information is available on the quantities of individual fatty acids supplied to the suckling infant with maternal milk, through the whole first year of life. Our aim was to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the fatty acid composition of human milk from Italian mothers, throughout extended lactation with particular emphasis on the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. We have thus measured the total fat content and the concentrations of major fatty acids by quantitative GLC in pooled breast hindmilk collected from all feedings over 24 h at colostrum, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months in ten mothers recruited after delivery of full-term infants. Total saturated fatty acids progressively increase and total monounsaturated progressively decrease as percentage levels, while among long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, percentages of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid decrease from colostrum up to the third month. Hindmilk total lipids (mg/dl) rise more than twofold up to 3 months, and then remain stable. The amounts (mg/dl) of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid progressively increase, following the trend of total fat, while arachidonic and docosahexaenoic concentrations (mg/dl) remain stable throughout the whole nursing period. Assessment of the intakes per kg body weight shows different trends for the individual major long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids supplied to the infant from hindmilk during exclusive breast-feeding (3 months). This information may be useful for the evaluation of infant intakes during extended lactation.

Fatty acid composition and quality of muscle from steers fed ruminally protected lipid

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 178-178
Author(s):  
M. Enser ◽  
N. Scollan ◽  
S. Gulati ◽  
G. Nute ◽  
K. Hallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Lipid Supplement

Recommendations to improve the UK diet suggest an increase in the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P:S ratio) and a higher consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Ruminant meats have a poor P:S ratio, approximately 0.1 compared to the recommendation of 0.4-1.0 for the whole diet. However, the ratio of C18:2 n-6/C18:3 n-3 (the n-6:n-3) is well within the recommended value of <4.0 at approximately 2 and ruminant muscle also supplies longer-chain n-3 PUFA. By feeding lipid in a formaldehyde cross-linked protein matrix, rumen biohydrogenation can be avoided and the tissue PUFA level increased but with potential effects on oxidative shelf-life, colour and flavour of the meat. This trial investigated the fatty acid composition and quality of meat produced by feeding a protected lipid supplement (PLS).

scholarly journals FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF THE FRUITS OF SYZYGIUM ZEYLANICUM (L.) DC. VAR. ZEYLANICUM

2017 ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
Devi R. C. Bhanu ◽  
K. K. Sabu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Objective: Wild indigenous fruits are believed to be extremely nutritious, contributing a great deal to the general health of the tribal and rural population. To validate this claim, systematic studies are required to estimate their nutritional composition. The objective of the study was to analyze the fatty acid composition of Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC. var. zeylanicum.Methods: The fatty acid composition of S. zeylanicum var. zeylanicum fruits were analysed by GC-MS/MS.Results: The major fatty acids were cis-oleic acid (43.47±0.62 %) and linoleic acid (31.14±0.35%). Total monounsaturated fatty acids in the sample was 44.21%. Omega-6, omega-7 and omega-9 fatty acids were detected. The polyunsaturated fatty acids in thefruits were linoleic acid (31.14±0.35 %) and arachidonic acid (0.15±0.22 %), whereas 24.51 % of the total fatty acids were saturated. The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids was approximately 3:1. The order of abundance of fatty acids, in some of the healthiest oils, viz. olive, canola, peanut oils is, Oleic acid>Linoleic acid>Palmitic acid>Stearic acid and the same order was observed in the present study.Conclusion: Fruits of S. zeylanicum var. zeylanicum too shows a healthy balance between unsaturated and saturated fats. 

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