scholarly journals Yield and size distribution of potatoes as influenced by seed rate.

1959 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Reestman ◽  
C.T. De Wit
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Maximum Production ◽  
Seed Potatoes ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Number Of Stems

Five spacing experiments were carried out in 1957 and '58 with seed potatoes, var. Alpha, measuring 25-28 mm, 35-45 mm and 45-60 mm, planted at 400, 600, 800, 1000 or 1200 tubers/ha in rows 60 cm apart and harvested on 7 dates between 29 July and 16 Oct. There was a positive correlation, within experiments, between the number of stems produced per tuber at wide spacings and the surface area of the skin of the tubers, both where whole tubers and cut setts were used. There was a linear relationship between the reciprocal of the yield and the reciprocal of the seed rate where both were expressed in m2 of skin surface/are. [See Fld Crop Abstr. 12: 1525 and 13: 777.] Where the reciprocal of the yield for each sett size was averaged for all 5 experiments and plotted against the reciprocal of the seed rate, it was shown that the use of large seed depressed yields; this was considered to be due to the less regular distribution of haulms in the row where the large seed was used. Seed size had little influence on grading. Rows 60 cm apart were considered too widely spaced for maximum production.-R.B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Effects of seed size and spacing of seed tubers and stems on yields of early and canning potatoes

1976 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
J. M. Proctor ◽  
A. Smartt
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Number Of Stems

SummaryAn experiment comparing most combinations of six seed sizes and four spacings between seeds to give a range of common seed rates, was repeated for 3 years with the eultivar Ulster Prince. For the earliest harvest, total yield was reasonably related to seed rate, but for subsequent harvests the yield response was more closely related to number of stems; this pattern was more pronounced in yields of the canning grade.

Influence of Particle Size Distribution of Limestone Powder on Fluidity and Harden Performance of the Cement Paste

2019 ◽  
Vol 956 ◽  
pp. 324-331
Author(s):  
Guang Tian Zhang ◽  
Juan Hong Liu ◽  
Shi Feng Fu ◽  
Shu Xia Ren ◽  
Kun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
B Value ◽  
Limestone Powder ◽  
Grain Diameter

Based on the particle size distribution test of 6 kinds of limestone powder, the fractal dimension of particle size distribution was calculated, and its influence on the surface area, median grain diameter and RR-B value was studied. In addition, 20% of the total mass of cement was replaced with limestone powder, and the effect of fractal dimension on fluidity of cement paste and 3, 7, 28d strength of mortar was investigated. The results showed that fractal dimension for limestone powder specific surface area has a good linear relationship with median grain diameter and RR-B value. The fractal dimension showed a quadratic function with the degree of the fluidity, and the maximum value was between 2.1-2.2. Mortar strength at the age of 3, 7, 28d value displayed a linear relationship with fractal dimension L4 had the greatest effect on strength. L1-L4 had more influence on the strength at the age of 3d and 7d than that of 28d. While the influence of L5-L7 on the strength at 3d, 7d and 28d was essentially similar to each other.

scholarly journals Potato yield and quality as a function of the plant density

1975 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-165
Author(s):  
Eero Varis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Number Of Stems

The effects of potato plant density on yield quantity and quality were investigated at the Hankkija Plant Breeding Institute from 1971-73, using seed rates of 1600, 3200 and 4800 kg/ha, and seed sizes of 40, 80 and 120 g. The varieties used were Ijsselster and Record. The number of stems per m2 rose with increasing seed rate and with increasing seed size. Stem number increased with seed rate faster for small seed than for large. The response in stem number was greater for Ijsselster than for Record. The number of stems per seed tuber fell as the plant density rose. The number of tubers per m2 altered in the same direction as the number of stems, but less responsively. The reason for this was that the number of tubers per stem decreased with increasing plant density. The tuber yield showed a continual increase with increasing plant density. At the lowest stem densities (less than 20—25 stems/m2) small seed gave better results than other sizes, but at the higher plant densities, the importance of seed size faded away and the yield was dependant on the plant density alone. Net yield (gross yield 2 x seed rate), however, was higher the smaller the seed used, whatever the stem density. Tuber size decreased when plant density increased, the proportion of large tubers diminishing most, especially when small seed was used. The proportion of small tubers altered more for Ijsselster than for Record. Seed size and seed rate did not on average significantly affect the proportion of Class I potatoes, though small seed gave results slightly better than other sizes. The starch content of the yield rose when the seed rate was increased (16.0-16.3 -16.5 %) and fell with increasing seed size (16.5 16.2 16.1 %). The maximum variation was 15.8-16.7 %. The specific gravity distribution improved with increasing plant density. Raw discolouration of the tubers did not alter significantly as the plant density rose. Blackening of the tubers decreased with increasing plant density when small and medium sized seed were used. Mealiness of the tubers was somewhat higher for small seed than for other seed sizes.

pyGAPS: A Python-Based Framework for Adsorption Isotherm Processing and Material Characterisation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Iacomi ◽  
Philip L. Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Material Characterisation ◽  
Mixture Adsorption ◽  
Surface Energetics ◽  
Adsorption Processing ◽  
User Friendly

Material characterisation through adsorption is a widely-used laboratory technique. The isotherms obtained through volumetric or gravimetric experiments impart insight through their features but can also be analysed to determine material characteristics such as specific surface area, pore size distribution, surface energetics, or used for predicting mixture adsorption. The pyGAPS (python General Adsorption Processing Suite) framework was developed to address the need for high-throughput processing of such adsorption data, independent of the origin, while also being capable of presenting individual results in a user-friendly manner. It contains many common characterisation methods such as: BET and Langmuir surface area, t and α plots, pore size distribution calculations (BJH, Dollimore-Heal, Horvath-Kawazoe, DFT/NLDFT kernel fitting), isosteric heat calculations, IAST calculations, isotherm modelling and more, as well as the ability to import and store data from Excel, CSV, JSON and sqlite databases. In this work, a description of the capabilities of pyGAPS is presented. The code is then be used in two case studies: a routine characterisation of a UiO-66(Zr) sample and in the processing of an adsorption dataset of a commercial carbon (Takeda 5A) for applications in gas separation.

scholarly journals Air filtration improvement of konjac glucomannan-based aerogel air filters through physical structure design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Qian ◽  
Ying Fang ◽  
Kao Wu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Air Filters ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Purification Time

Abstract This study presents two methods to improve the air filtration performance of konjac glucomannan (KGM)-based aerogel air filters through physical structure design by changing the pore-size distribution and the surface area, using an air purifier. Results indicated that KGM-based aerogels had a comparable filtration effect with the commercial air filter with a longer purification time. This purification time could be shortened by over 50%, by changing the pore-size distribution from large size to small size or increase the surface area with the fold structure. This should boost the development of polysaccharide-based aerogel used as the air filter.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a hierarchical nanoporous carbon material with controllable pore size and effective surface area for high-performance electrochemical capacitors

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. 14516-14527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Hu ◽  
Ling-Bin Kong ◽  
Long Kang ◽  
Kun Yan ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Effective Surface Area ◽  
Effective Surface ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon Material

There is an excellent linear relationship between E-SSA and specific capacitance of HNC-IPNs as electrode materials for EDLCs.

The relationship between geotechnical index properties and the pore-size distribution of compacted clayey silts

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazile Ural
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Index Properties

AbstractIn this study, the relationships between geotechnical index properties and the pore-size distribution of compacted natural silt and artificial soil mixtures, namely, silt with two different clays and three different clay percentages (10%, 20%, and 40%), were examined and compared. Atterberg’s limit tests, standard compaction tests, mercury intrusion porosimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface analysis were conducted. The results show that the liquid limit, the cumulative pore volume, and specific surface area of artificially mixed soils increase with an increase in the percentage of clay. The cumulative pore volume and specific surface area with geotechnical index properties were compared. High correlation coefficients were observed between the specific areas and both the liquid limit and the plasticity index, as well as between the cumulative pore volume and both the clay percentage and the

Early seedling development in relation to seed mass and morph in Cakile edentula

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Cakile Edentula ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Seed Reserves ◽  
Early Seedling Development ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Cakile edentula produces dimorphic seeds from the upper and lower fruit segments. The upper seeds are well adapted to long-distance dispersal and have greater mean seed mass and surface area than those from the lower seeds. Great mean mass of the upper seeds is probably adaptive because it ensured early independent growth of seedlings and thus enhanced their chances of surviving environmental stresses. Large seed reserves also resulted in high chlorophyll content of the cotyledons. Large seed surface area resulted in large cotyledon area and cotyledon area to biomass ratio of the subsequent seedlings, but the adaptive advantage is not clear. Since increased seed surface area necessitates great protective tissues (fruit coat) that may improve the buoyant ability of seeds, large seed surface area of the upper seeds may be a result of selection for dispersal. Key words: seed mass, seed dimorphism, establishment, sand dune, selection, Cakile edentula.

Application of Raman Spectroscopy to the Study of Adsorption Effects at Liquid-Solid Interfaces

1982 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Witke
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Minimal Surface ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Sample Cell ◽  
Minimal Surface Area

A sample cell for investigating suspensions or emulsions by Raman spectroscopy in the optically favorable 90° scattering arrangement is described. The Raman spectra of pyridine in a suspension of Aerosil 200 in carbon tetrachloride are recorded. The adsorption isotherm of pyridine is determined from the intensities of the Raman lines at 1008 and 990 cm−1. Over a long range of coverage a linear relationship exists between reciprocal concentrations of chemisorbed and dissolved molecules. The minimal surface area that is occupied by a chemisorbed molecule is determined to be approximately 0.75 nm2.

The size distribution and surface area of soot emitted by different sources

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 706-707
Author(s):  
A. Smekens ◽  
P. Berghmans ◽  
R. Van Grieken
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Different Sources
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