scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 on national tuberculosis elimination programme strategies during March to May 2020 on Tumkur district, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Sanath Kumar Gurram Krishnamurthy ◽  
Basavaraj Poojar ◽  
Sharath Burugina Nagaraja
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
National Programmes ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Elimination Programme ◽  
Negative Sputum

Background: the nation-wide lockdown due global pandemic has disrupted a vital strategic intervention resulting in overall 60% decrease in presumptive and diagnostic TB cases during the lockdown period.Methods: A discrete choice experimental (DCE) exploratory operational research conducted during March to May 2020.Results: Health care services were affected 25% reduction in the outpatient department (OPD) in comparison to the previous year the same period. A gradual reduction in negative sputum cases undergoing chest radiography from 54% to 14%. Due to restricted movement LPA tests have been reduced 25% among the diagnosed TB cases, and private referrals to cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) services were reduced to 20%.Conclusions: Health services, including national programmes to combat TB, need to be actively engaged in ensuring an effective and rapid response to COVID-19 while ensuring that TB services are maintained. While experience on COVID-19 infection in TB patients remains limited, it is anticipated that people ill with both TB and COVID-19 may have poorer treatment outcomes, especially if TB treatment is interrupted. TB patients should take precautions as advised by health authorities to be protected from COVID-19 and continue their TB treatment as prescribed.

scholarly journals Analysis of Facilitators and Barriers to the Delivery of Routine Care during the COVID-19 Global Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Cristian Lieneck ◽  
Brooke Herzog ◽  
Raven Krips
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

The delivery of routine health care during the COVID-19 global pandemic continues to be challenged as public health guidelines and other local/regional/state and other policies are enforced to help prevent the spread of the virus. The objective of this systematic review is to identify the facilitators and barriers affecting the delivery of routine health care services during the pandemic to provide a framework for future research. In total, 32 articles were identified for common themes surrounding facilitators of routine care during COVID-19. Identified constructed in the literature include enhanced education initiatives for parents/patients regarding routine vaccinations, an importance of routine vaccinations as compared to the risk of COVID-19 infection, an enhanced use of telehealth resources (including diagnostic imagery) and identified patient throughput/PPE initiatives. Reviewers identified the following barriers to the delivery of routine care: conservation of medical providers and PPE for non-routine (acute) care delivery needs, specific routine care services incongruent the telehealth care delivery methods, and job-loss/food insecurity. Review results can assist healthcare organizations with process-related challenges related to current and/or future delivery of routine care and support future research initiatives as the global pandemic continues.

scholarly journals The establishment of bonds between professional and patient in TB treatment: the performance of primary health care services in a city in the interior of São Paulo

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1222-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Amélia Zanon Ponce ◽  
Silvia Helena Figueiredo Vendramini ◽  
Marilene Rocha dos Santos ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Sperli Geraldes Santos ◽  
Lúcia Marina Scatena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Primary Health Care Services ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Primary Care Assessment Tool

This study evaluated the performance of health care services implementing TB control actions in relation to the establishment of bonds between health professionals and patients in São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil from the perspective of patients, health professionals, and managers. A total of 108 patients, 37 health professionals and 15 managers were interviewed through a questionnaire containing 10 indicators of bond-establishment based on the instruments of the Primary Care Assessment Tool, adapted to evaluate tuberculosis control in Brazil. The three groups of actors considered the establishment of bonds satisfactory, though opinions of patients and managers differed in almost all indicators. This fact indicates that the view of managers is still predominantly focused on bureaucratic and administrative aspects, which shows the need for managers to integrate more management and care actions.

PD85 Testing Search Filters To Retrieve Economic Evaluations In Embase

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 158-158
Author(s):  
Ingrid Harboe ◽  
Arna Desser ◽  
Lena Nordheim ◽  
Julie Glanville
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Economic ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Search Filters

Introduction:Health technology assessments (HTAs) are increasingly used by Norwegian health authorities as the evidence base when prioritizing which health care services to offer. HTAs typically consist of a systematic review of the effects and safety of two or more health care interventions, and an economic evaluation of the interventions, based on systematic literature searches in bibliographic databases. Objective: To identify the best performing of seven search filters to retrieve health economic evaluations used to inform HTAs, by comparing the cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) filter to six published filters in Ovid Embase, and achieve a sensitivity of at least 0.90 with a precision of 0.10, and specificity of at least 0.95.Methods:In this filter validation study, the included filters’ performances were compared against a gold standard of economic evaluations published in 2008–2013 (n = 2,248) from the National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED), and the corresponding records (n = 2,198) in the current version of Ovid Embase.Results:The CEA filter had a sensitivity of 0.899 and precision of 0.029. One filter had a sensitivity of 0.880 and a precision of 0.075, which was closest to the objective. The filter with lowest sensitivity (0.702) had a precision of 0.141.Conclusions:Developing search filters for identifying health economic evaluations, with a good balance between sensitivity and precision, is possible but challenging. Researchers should agree on acceptable levels of performance before concluding on which search filter to use.

scholarly journals The Impact of the First Wave of Covid 19 on Orthopaedic Surgeries in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
B. Jagadeesh ◽  
N. Adhishwar Kumaran ◽  
K. Gunalan ◽  
K. Midhuna ◽  
S. Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Orthopaedic Department ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Background: The Covid 19 was declared a global pandemic that had a sizeable impact on the health care services in the surgical field including the orthopaedic department. There was additionally a decreased accessibility to healthcare personnel and facilities reallocated to manage the Covid patients. The study was mainly conducted to find out the impact of the first wave of COVID-19 on the orthopaedic surgeries. Aim: The main aim of the study is to find out the alteration in the number, type of surgeries, financial implications, duration of hospital stay, delay in surgery during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Study Design: Retrospective crossectional study. Methods: All the surgeries conducted in the orthopaedic department in the year 2019 and 2020 following first peak in March including pre-op and post-op COVID cases are included in the study. The procedure conducted, date of admission, date of surgery, date of discharge, investigations done and the cost expenses are the various parameters that are taken into consideration. The results are analysed for each year and comparisons are made using statistical methods. Results: The comparative analysis of the data collected from the years 2019 and 2020 showed an increase in the duration of hospital stay, delay in surgery, additional expenditure, back log in the number of elective surgeries done during the Pandemic.

scholarly journals COLLATERAL ISSUES IN TIMES OF COVID-19: CHILD ABUSE, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND FEMICIDE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Guerra Lund ◽  
Scheila Manica ◽  
Giselle Mânica
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Gender Based

Worldwide there is evidence of the increase of violence against women (gender-based) and children (gender and age-based) during the global pandemic of COVID-19. This literature review offers an overview of data on domestic and intimate partner violence (IPV) as it currently stands in some countries during the pandemic, describing deep psychosocial issues that illustrate the intergenerational transmission of violent actions, uncovering how these acts are unconsciously reproduced within families as a lack of conscious differentiation between them and the cultural, socio-economic norms that surround them takes place, as if normalising the brutality of gender inequality [violence as a representation of masculinity], minimising the effects of witnessing to violence, and/or practising violence as a form of discipline. Furthermore, it also includes recommendations that aim to mitigate risks and consequences of violence, and emphasises the urgency that must be in place to guarantee public access to health care services adapted to our new reality / COVID-19. In conclusion, we accentuate that the pandemic might accelerate public measures on decision making that target vulnerable women and children and make them regular in case they are judged efficient in face of an ever-growing phenomenon, that is the unfortunate banalisation of violent acts and narratives.

Perception of hematologists and oncologists about the biosimilars: A prospective Tunisian study based on a survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Hadoussa ◽  
Mehdi Bouhlel ◽  
Mohamed A Soussi ◽  
Chema Drira ◽  
Myriam Hadoussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Introduction Biosimilar drugs have significantly shaken the global pharmaceutical market through a better access to the health care services. The aim of this study is to establish a state of play in Tunisia based on the knowledge and perceptions of doctors on biosimilars in order to identify the problems related to these drugs and to propose solutions for improvement. Materials and methods In our study, we conducted a prospective, descriptive survey using a questionnaire, destinated to oncologists and hematologists with different grades, from both public and private sectors and from several regions. The questions focused on physicians' general knowledge of biosimilars and their comparison with reference on safety, quality, efficacy, and indication. Finally, we explored the proportion of physicians who are favorable to the policy encouraging biosimilar use. Results One hundred and seven doctors among 150 answered the questionnaire; 57% were oncologists and 43% were hematologists. About one over five physicians defines biosimilar as a chemical drug. About 29% do not differentiate between a biosimilar and a generic one. A percentage of 68 believe that a biosimilar can have all the indications of its reference following complementary clinical studies. On the other side, 68.2% support the policy encouraging these drugs. Last, only 3.7% of the practitioners believe that they are well informed about biosimilars. Discussion Our results are comparable to other surveys described in the literature. However, this is the first study that targets oncologists and hematologists specifically. Conclusion Our study showed a lack of information from oncologists and hematologists about biosimilars in Tunisia. Thus, health authorities should carry out training programs on biosimilars and introduce clear and effective legislation in order to allow better access to health care services.

scholarly journals How much do Indians pay for tuberculosis treatment? A cost analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
P. Sinha ◽  
M. Carwile ◽  
A. Bhargava ◽  
C. Cintron ◽  
C. Acuna-Villaorduna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Elimination Programme ◽  
Diagnostic Delays

Setting: India’s National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) covers diagnostic and therapeutic costs of TB treatment. However, persons living with TB (PLWTB) continue to experience financial distress due to direct costs (payment for testing, treatment, travel, hospitalization, and nutritional supplements) and indirect costs (lost wages, loan interest, and cost of domestic helpers).Objective: To analyze the magnitude and pattern of TB-related costs from the perspective of Indian PLWTB.Design: We identified relevant articles using key search terms (‘tuberculosis,’ ‘India,’ ‘cost,’ ‘expenditures,’ ‘financing,’ ‘catastrophic’ and ‘out of pocket’) and calculated variance-weighted mean costs.Results: Indian patients incur substantial direct costs (mean: US$46.8). Mean indirect costs (US$666.6) constitute 93.4% of the net costs. Mean direct costs before diagnosis can be up to four-fold that of costs during treatment. Treatment in the private sector can result in costs up to six-fold higher than in government facilities. As many as one in three PLWTB in India experience catastrophic costs.Conclusion: PLWTB in India face high direct and indirect costs. Priority interventions to realize India’s goal of eliminating catastrophic costs from TB include decreasing diagnostic delays through active case finding, reducing the need for travel, improving awareness and perception of NTEP services, and ensuring sufficient reimbursement for inpatient TB care.

scholarly journals Barriers to accessing TB clinics among Myanmar TB patients attending a Thailand‐Myanmar border hospital: a qualitative approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theint Theint Lwin ◽  
Tawatchai Apidechkul ◽  
Jongkon Saising ◽  
Panupong Upala ◽  
Ratipark Tamornpark
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Economic Barriers

PurposeThis qualitative approach study aimed to understand the barriers to accessing a tuberculosis (TB) clinic in a Thai hospital as experienced by TB patients from Myanmar living on the Thailand-Myanmar border.Design/methodology/approachTwenty-two participants were asked to provide information. In-depth interviews were used to gather the information. Each interview lasted 40 min.FindingsTB patients from Myanmar experience several barriers to accessing TB treatment and care at Mae Sai Hospital, such as language and economic problems, although they are very satisfied with the quality of service and positive attitude of the health care providers. A long waiting time and lack of explanation of the pathogenesis of TB were noted as negative aspects by the patients and their relatives. The medical staff at the TB clinic were negatively affected by the excessive workload and unsuitability of some methods or technologies. Using budgetary subsidies from agencies to fund TB care and treatment was not sustainable. Foreign TB patients are not subsidized by the national universal insurance scheme of Thailand, and sending TB patients back to their home country is sometimes unavoidable.Originality/valueThailand and Myanmar should strengthen their collaboration and develop a system to improve the quality of TB patient care and management for those who are living in poverty and lack education, by focusing on reducing language and economic barriers to accessing health care services including support for medicines and laboratory materials related to TB case management among these populations.

scholarly journals Study on Relevant Features in COVID-19 PCR Tests

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Plácido L. Vidal ◽  
Joaquim de Moura ◽  
Lucía Ramos ◽  
Jorge Novo ◽  
Marcos Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reactions ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Signal Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain

In the year 2020, the world suffered the effects of a global pandemic. COVID-19 is a disease that mainly affects the respiratory system of patients, even causing a disproportionate response of the immune system and further spreading the damage to other vital organs. The main means by which health care services detected this viral disease was through the use of Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCRs). These PCRs allow the detection of known chains of the genetic code of the virus in samples of sputum. In this work, we study PCR signal features that allow to automatize the analysis of hundreds of PCRs. The findings obtained from the study have shown these features to be capable of obtaining successful results in the detection of COVID-19 in PCR samples, with only a small fraction of the information extracted by the clinicians for that purpose.

scholarly journals Cuidados Bucais em Pacientes Oncopediátricos durante a Pandemia de Covid-19: o Que Está Mudando?

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (TemaAtual) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isis De Araújo Ferreira Muniz ◽  
Fabio Gomes dos Santos ◽  
Ana Maria Gondim Valença ◽  
Simone Alves de Sousa ◽  
Eliane Batista Medeiros-Serpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Care System

During the last weeks, we are facing a global pandemic which affects the general population and health care system. Observing COVID-19 care, hospitals and health care services are focusing their attention on COVID-19 combat. Considering this emergency, structural and logistic impacts over health services are perceived evidently and conventional routines of multiprofessional teams are being dramatically changed.

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