scholarly journals Thyroid disorders in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: a tertiary hospital based cross sectional study from Puducherry, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1532
Author(s):  
Rini Ezhil ◽  
Nivedita K. ◽  
Fatima Shanthini N.
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Background: The most common complaint with which women present for gynecological consultation is abnormal uterine bleeding which may be due to varied etiology. Among non-structural causes for AUB, endocrinological disorders like thyroid dysfunction is very common. Thyroid dysfunction is often overlooked, and unnecessary hormonal or surgical interventions are performed in patients with AUB.Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry between January 2017 to June 2017 for a period of 6 months and the participants were 200 women attending gynecological OPD with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding. After obtaining a written informed consent from the participants a detailed history and complete examination including a thorough gynecological examination was performed. A transvaginal ultrasound examination to note for any structural causes for AUB was performed. Thyroid function test (FT3, FT4, TSH) was performed in all study participants and they were then categorized into euthyroid, hypothyroid, hyperthyroid, subclinical hypo or hyperthyroid based on the results. After preliminary preparation all participants were subjected for an endometrial biopsy in the outpatient department and the tissue obtained was sent for histopathological analysis. All the information was tabulated and analyzed using SPSS 22 version with descriptive and inferential statistics (chi square test). A p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Heavy menstrual bleeding was the most common menstrual abnormality found in 85% of the study participants.77% had structural causes for AUB whereas 23% had non-structural causes. 79.5% of the patients with AUB were euthyroid whereas 20.5% had some form of thyroid dysfunction. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid dysfunction (15.5%) in this study followed by hypothyroidism (3.5%). Only 1.5% of patients had hyperthyroidism. In the present study no, significant association was found between any particular thyroid dysfunction and specific menstrual pattern or endometrial pattern in histopathology.Conclusions: Testing and treating for thyroid disorder would prove to be cost effective in patients with AUB particularly with nonstructural causes as it would avoid many costly interventions done for AUB.

scholarly journals Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (225) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minaxi Thakur ◽  
Meenu Maharjan ◽  
Heera Tuladhar ◽  
Yam Dwa ◽  
Sunita Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thyroid Profile

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common gynecological presentation, accounting forat least 20% of all new outpatient visits. It has been recognized that thyroid dysfunction may haveprofound effects on the female reproductive system. Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism areassociated with a variety of changes, including delayed onset of puberty, anovulatory cycles, andabnormally high fetal wastage. Hence, this study was conducted to know the thyroid status of thepatient with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in all the patients with abnormaluterine bleeding in a tertiary care hospital from 2 August 2019 to 2 February 2020. Ethical clearancewas received from the institutional review committee of KIST Medical College. Convenient samplingwas done. Data was collected using a questionnaire which includes patients profile, the pattern ofabnormal uterine bleeding, and thyroid profile. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Packagefor the Social Sciences version 23. Results: Out of 79 patients, it was found that 67 (84.8%) were euthyroid, 11 (13.9%) were hypothyroid,and 1 (1.2%) was hyperthyroidism. The most common type of abnormal uterine bleeding wasmenorrhagia 34 (43%), followed by polymenorrhoea 23 (29%), oligomenorrhoea 13 (16.5%),menometrorrhagia 6 (7.6%), metrorrhagia 2 (2.5%), and hypomenorrhea 1 (1.3%). The maximumnumber of patients was between 20-25 years with the mean age of 31 years. Among hypothyroid, 7(8.8%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 4 (5%) had frank hypothyroidism. Conclusions: Most females with abnormal uterine bleeding were euthyroid. Menorrhagia was themost common pattern of abnormal uterine bleeding.

scholarly journals Thyroid Dysfunction in Patient with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in a Tertiary Hospital of Eastern Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (239) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishal Raj Joshi ◽  
Shikha Rizal ◽  
Shanti Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Thyroid hormone is known to affect reproductive biology. Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the common presentations in gynaecology outpatient departments and thyroid dysfunction is known to affect its progression. This study aims to find the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in diagnosed cases of abnormal uterine bleeding in patients in a tertiary hospital of eastern Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in patients diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding in a tertiary care hospital of eastern Nepal from April 2019-March 2020 after taking ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee. On basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 95 cases of abnormal uterine bleeding were included in the study. A blood sample was taken and a thyroid function test was done by chemiluminescence assay on an automated analyzer. Convenient sampling method was used for sample collection. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of the total cases of abnormal uterine bleeding, 15 (15.79%) (8.46-23.12 at 95% Confidence Interval) had thyroid dysfunction. Among total cases, 80 (84.21%) were euthyroid. The mean age of the patients was 33±8 years. Among thyroid dysfunction, 9 (60.0%) were hypothyroid, 4 (26.66 %) were subclinical hypothyroid, and 2 (13.33 %) were hyperthyroid. Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction was common among patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, with hypothyroidism being the most common type.

scholarly journals Thyroid disorders in women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1018-1020
Author(s):  
S Subedi ◽  
B Banerjee ◽  
C Manisha
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Pattern

Background: Thyroid hormones play a key role in the menstrual and reproductive function of women .It is recognized universally that menstrual disturbances may accompany clinical alteration in thyroid function and every clinician has encountered altered menstrual pattern among women suffering from thyroid disorders. The aim of this study was to find the incidence of thyroid disorders in Dysfunctional uterine bleeding and its correlation with menstrual patterns.Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study including 75 cases with dysfunctional uterine bleeding attending the OPD of Nobel Medical College, where incidence of thyroid disorder was evaluated along with its correlation with menstrual patterns and histopathology.Results: The incidence of Gynecological OPD attendance due to abnormal uterine bleeding was 3%.and the incidence of thyroid dysfunction was 10.6% with hypothyroidism being the commonest. (9.3%). The commonest menstrual pattern found was menorrhagia/polymenorrhoea in 8 percent.Conclusion: Prevalence of hypothyroidism was more common in DUB. Thus every woman with menstrual irregularities should undergo thyroid assessment and this will ultimately avoid unnecessary intervention like misuse of hormonal treatment and hysterectomy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in women with abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive age

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2792
Author(s):  
Hema K. R. ◽  
Girish B. L. ◽  
Dhananjaya B. S. ◽  
Riyaj Ahmad Kalaburgi
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Definitive Management

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the commonest presentations encountered in gynecological outpatient department. Menstruation is also regulated by many mechanisms, including thyroid hormone. So, for definitive management of AUB, it becomes imperative to assess thyroid status in those with abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted on all woman attending to OPD at Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Tumukuru, with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Thyroid test was done for those who were eligible under inclusion criteria. Incidence of thyroid disorders among AUB and type of abnormal menstrual pattern associated with specific type of thyroid dysfunction were noted in this study.Results: Total of 522 presented with AUB. AUB was most common among woman age >40 years at 49.23% (257 of total 522 cases). AUB was more common in Multipara at 61.49% (321 of 522 cases). Menorrhagia was commonest pattern in AUB accounting for 51.34% (268 of 522cases). Thyroid dysfunction was present in 12.27% (64 of 522) of cases with AUB. Among them hypothyroid was most common accounting for 8.81% (46 of 522 cases). Hyperthyroidism was present in 3.44% (18 of 522 cases). Menorrhagia was most common pattern in Hypothyroidism at 65.21% (30 of 46 cases, followed by polymenorrhea at 17.39% (8 of 46 cases). Oligomenorrhea was most common in hyperthyroid group at 55.54% (10 of 18 cases) closely followed by hypomenorrhea at 44.44% (8 of 18 cases).Conclusions: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the commonest gynecological complaint at gynecological OPD.  Thyroid dysfunction is noted consistently in cases of AUB. So, evaluation of thyroid profile should be part of evaluation of AUB, especially during perimenopause.

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) and Thyroid Function in Chhattisgarh

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Mukund Tiwari ◽  
Dr. Sarita Agrawal ◽  
Subarna Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Study Participants

Abnormal function of thyroid gland is associated with a disturbance in the menstrual cycle. However, in clinical practice, thyroid dysfunction is frequently overlooked as a possible etiology and therefore, the importance to investigate thyroid function in asymptomatic cases is under- recognized in India. Treating thyroid dysfunction in such cases can reverse the menstrual abnormality, thus avoiding unnecessary hormonal therapy or in long term, hysterectomy. This article is intended to determine the prevalence of overt and subclinical forms of hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism among women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in a known iodine-deficient state of India, Chhattisgarh. Moreover, the aims included to characterize the types of menstrual abnormality with thyroid dysfunction in study participants. The present study found a prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in one out of five cases of menstrual abnormality, most common dysfunction being hypothyroidism. An appreciable proportion of thyroid disorder was found in patients with menorrhagia, oligomenorrhea, polymenorrhea and amenorrhea.

scholarly journals Transvaginal Ultrasonography and Hysteroscopy in Evaluation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding- A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Sindhujha Sekar ◽  
A Esther Ruby ◽  
P Lalitha
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: In perimenopausal age group particularly, 70% of all gynaecological consultations are for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB). About 30% of women seek medical assistance for AUB during their reproductive age group and about one third of hysterectomies are carried out for AUB alone. Aim: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Transvaginal Ultrasonography (TVS) versus hysteroscopy in detecting uterine abnormalities Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study in patients with AUB, admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at RGGWCH, Puducherry between February 2016 and February 2017 who met the inclusion criteria were included. Sample size was 85 cases. After taking detailed history and physical examination the patient was investigated to rule out organic causes of AUB and then TVS and hysteroscopy were done. Any intrauterine pathology was looked for and endometrial sampling was taken from the abnormal sites for Histopathological Examination (HPE). Both TVS and hysteroscopy results were compared with histopathology which is the gold standard. Results: The sensitivity of TVS in diagnosis of uterine fibroid in comparison to hysteroscopy was 94.74% and the specificity was 71.21%. The sensitivity of hysteroscopy in diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in comparison to HPE was 75% and the specificity was 87.01%. The sensitivity of TVS in diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in comparison to HPE was 37.5% and the specificity was 90.91%. The sensitivity of hysteroscopy in diagnosis of polyp in comparison to HPE was 100% and the specificity was 97.3%. The sensitivity and specificity of TVS in diagnosis of polyp in comparison to HPE were 9.09% and 93.24%, respectively. Conclusion: TVS had a high sensitivity to detect fibroids but its value in detecting hyperplasia and polyps was in question in this study. But hysteroscopy had a maximum sensitivity to detect polyps and high sensitivity to detect endometrial hyperplasia compared to histopathology which is a gold standard investigation.

Symptoms of Uterine Dystemperament in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding from Perspective of Persian Medicine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Moradi ◽  
Fatemeh Alizadeh ◽  
Nafiseh Zafarghandi ◽  
Farhad Jafari ◽  
Mahdi Alizadeh Vaghasloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Uterine Hemorrhage ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Medical Referral

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is the most common reason for women’s medical referral in the reproductive age. In Persian Medicine, one of the major causes of this disorder is known as uterine dystemperament (Su-e-Mizaj). AUB is known as “Kesrat-e Tams” in this medical school. We aimed to investigate the frequency of positive symptoms of uterine dystemperament in patients with AUB from the perspective of Persian Medicine. This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2009 to September 2010 in Tehran, Iran. It comprised 70 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding who were 15-45 years old. Data were collected by a questionnaire prepared based on the textbooks of Persian Medicine. The frequency of each symptom of uterine dystemperament was obtained. Among the four uterine dystemperaments, the “dry” and “warm” uterine types had the highest rankings. In patients with excess uterine hemorrhage, the symptoms of warm uterine is more frequent than cold uterine. Meanwhile, the warm uterine dystemperament interference was also observed in excess uterine hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Benign Histopathologic Findings of Endometrium among Perimenopausal Women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (243) ◽  
pp. 1141-1145
Author(s):  
Ramesh Dhakhwa ◽  
Rashmi Bhattarai ◽  
Jayanti Shah ◽  
Archana Shakya ◽  
Sailesh Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Perimenopausal Women

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding is the most common presenting complaint in the perimenopausal age group. Endometrial biopsy obtained by dilatation and curettage is the preferred modality of investigation to determine the causative pathology of abnormal uterine bleeding. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of the benign histopathological findings in perimenopausal women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients between 1st June 2020 to 30th September 2021. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College (reference number: 305202002). Using the convenience sampling method, 96 cases of endometrial biopsies were studied under light microscopy. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version23.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among the 96 specimens, the prevalence of benign findings was 93 (96.9%) (93-100 at 95% Confidence Interval). Among them, the commonest benign histopathologic spectrum was hormonal imbalance pattern in 40 (41.7%) followed by normal menstrual pattern 35 (36.5%). Five (5.2%) cases showed chronic endometritis. Six (6.2%) cases of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia were identified. Three (3.1%) cases showed endometrial atrophy. Four (4.1%) cases showed endometrial polyp. Conclusions: The prevalence of benign histopathological findings among endometrial biopsies in the study was similar to other studies.

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