Symptoms of Uterine Dystemperament in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding from Perspective of Persian Medicine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Moradi ◽  
Fatemeh Alizadeh ◽  
Nafiseh Zafarghandi ◽  
Farhad Jafari ◽  
Mahdi Alizadeh Vaghasloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Uterine Hemorrhage ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Medical Referral

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is the most common reason for women’s medical referral in the reproductive age. In Persian Medicine, one of the major causes of this disorder is known as uterine dystemperament (Su-e-Mizaj). AUB is known as “Kesrat-e Tams” in this medical school. We aimed to investigate the frequency of positive symptoms of uterine dystemperament in patients with AUB from the perspective of Persian Medicine. This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2009 to September 2010 in Tehran, Iran. It comprised 70 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding who were 15-45 years old. Data were collected by a questionnaire prepared based on the textbooks of Persian Medicine. The frequency of each symptom of uterine dystemperament was obtained. Among the four uterine dystemperaments, the “dry” and “warm” uterine types had the highest rankings. In patients with excess uterine hemorrhage, the symptoms of warm uterine is more frequent than cold uterine. Meanwhile, the warm uterine dystemperament interference was also observed in excess uterine hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in women with abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive age

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2792
Author(s):  
Hema K. R. ◽  
Girish B. L. ◽  
Dhananjaya B. S. ◽  
Riyaj Ahmad Kalaburgi
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Definitive Management

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the commonest presentations encountered in gynecological outpatient department. Menstruation is also regulated by many mechanisms, including thyroid hormone. So, for definitive management of AUB, it becomes imperative to assess thyroid status in those with abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted on all woman attending to OPD at Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Tumukuru, with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Thyroid test was done for those who were eligible under inclusion criteria. Incidence of thyroid disorders among AUB and type of abnormal menstrual pattern associated with specific type of thyroid dysfunction were noted in this study.Results: Total of 522 presented with AUB. AUB was most common among woman age >40 years at 49.23% (257 of total 522 cases). AUB was more common in Multipara at 61.49% (321 of 522 cases). Menorrhagia was commonest pattern in AUB accounting for 51.34% (268 of 522cases). Thyroid dysfunction was present in 12.27% (64 of 522) of cases with AUB. Among them hypothyroid was most common accounting for 8.81% (46 of 522 cases). Hyperthyroidism was present in 3.44% (18 of 522 cases). Menorrhagia was most common pattern in Hypothyroidism at 65.21% (30 of 46 cases, followed by polymenorrhea at 17.39% (8 of 46 cases). Oligomenorrhea was most common in hyperthyroid group at 55.54% (10 of 18 cases) closely followed by hypomenorrhea at 44.44% (8 of 18 cases).Conclusions: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the commonest gynecological complaint at gynecological OPD.  Thyroid dysfunction is noted consistently in cases of AUB. So, evaluation of thyroid profile should be part of evaluation of AUB, especially during perimenopause.

scholarly journals Transvaginal Ultrasonography and Hysteroscopy in Evaluation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding- A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Sindhujha Sekar ◽  
A Esther Ruby ◽  
P Lalitha
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: In perimenopausal age group particularly, 70% of all gynaecological consultations are for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB). About 30% of women seek medical assistance for AUB during their reproductive age group and about one third of hysterectomies are carried out for AUB alone. Aim: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Transvaginal Ultrasonography (TVS) versus hysteroscopy in detecting uterine abnormalities Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study in patients with AUB, admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at RGGWCH, Puducherry between February 2016 and February 2017 who met the inclusion criteria were included. Sample size was 85 cases. After taking detailed history and physical examination the patient was investigated to rule out organic causes of AUB and then TVS and hysteroscopy were done. Any intrauterine pathology was looked for and endometrial sampling was taken from the abnormal sites for Histopathological Examination (HPE). Both TVS and hysteroscopy results were compared with histopathology which is the gold standard. Results: The sensitivity of TVS in diagnosis of uterine fibroid in comparison to hysteroscopy was 94.74% and the specificity was 71.21%. The sensitivity of hysteroscopy in diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in comparison to HPE was 75% and the specificity was 87.01%. The sensitivity of TVS in diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in comparison to HPE was 37.5% and the specificity was 90.91%. The sensitivity of hysteroscopy in diagnosis of polyp in comparison to HPE was 100% and the specificity was 97.3%. The sensitivity and specificity of TVS in diagnosis of polyp in comparison to HPE were 9.09% and 93.24%, respectively. Conclusion: TVS had a high sensitivity to detect fibroids but its value in detecting hyperplasia and polyps was in question in this study. But hysteroscopy had a maximum sensitivity to detect polyps and high sensitivity to detect endometrial hyperplasia compared to histopathology which is a gold standard investigation.

scholarly journals Thyroid disorders in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: a tertiary hospital based cross sectional study from Puducherry, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1532
Author(s):  
Rini Ezhil ◽  
Nivedita K. ◽  
Fatima Shanthini N.
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Background: The most common complaint with which women present for gynecological consultation is abnormal uterine bleeding which may be due to varied etiology. Among non-structural causes for AUB, endocrinological disorders like thyroid dysfunction is very common. Thyroid dysfunction is often overlooked, and unnecessary hormonal or surgical interventions are performed in patients with AUB.Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry between January 2017 to June 2017 for a period of 6 months and the participants were 200 women attending gynecological OPD with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding. After obtaining a written informed consent from the participants a detailed history and complete examination including a thorough gynecological examination was performed. A transvaginal ultrasound examination to note for any structural causes for AUB was performed. Thyroid function test (FT3, FT4, TSH) was performed in all study participants and they were then categorized into euthyroid, hypothyroid, hyperthyroid, subclinical hypo or hyperthyroid based on the results. After preliminary preparation all participants were subjected for an endometrial biopsy in the outpatient department and the tissue obtained was sent for histopathological analysis. All the information was tabulated and analyzed using SPSS 22 version with descriptive and inferential statistics (chi square test). A p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Heavy menstrual bleeding was the most common menstrual abnormality found in 85% of the study participants.77% had structural causes for AUB whereas 23% had non-structural causes. 79.5% of the patients with AUB were euthyroid whereas 20.5% had some form of thyroid dysfunction. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid dysfunction (15.5%) in this study followed by hypothyroidism (3.5%). Only 1.5% of patients had hyperthyroidism. In the present study no, significant association was found between any particular thyroid dysfunction and specific menstrual pattern or endometrial pattern in histopathology.Conclusions: Testing and treating for thyroid disorder would prove to be cost effective in patients with AUB particularly with nonstructural causes as it would avoid many costly interventions done for AUB.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Outcome Measures of Hysteroscopy Polypectomy in Women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Tavoli ◽  
Melika Agha Mohammad Ali Kermani ◽  
Somayeh Moradpanah ◽  
Ali Montazeri
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: The most common causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) in women of reproductive age are uterine polyps. Operative hysteroscopy is the management of choice to remove polyp. However, the certainty of the treatment remains to be examined. Aim: To investigate the outcome of hysteroscopy polypectomy in women with AUB. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on the samples of women with AUB who underwent a hysteroscopy polypectomy. Patients were assessed pre and postoperatively and were asked to respond to a number of outcome measures including duration of monthly cycle, menstruation cycle, heavy menstrual bleeding, the number of pads used in day and night and improvement of inter-menstrual bleeding, postcoital bleeding, and limited activity. Pre-and postsurgery data were compared using Wilcoxon and McNemar tests. Results: In all, 83 patients were entered into the study. The mean age of participants was 41.8 (±8.37) years. The most common preoperative complaint was heavy menstrual bleeding (n=63, 76%) followed by intermenstrual bleeding (n=40, 48%). There were significant differences between preoperative and postoperative symptoms (p-values <0.05). Perceived complete recovery (n=54, 65%), partial recovery (n=13, 15.7%) and satisfaction (n=66, 79.5%) were high after hysteroscopy. Conclusion: AUB due to polyp might be improved with hysteroscopy. Further investigations are needed to confirm the results and to study on co-existence of other causes of AUB after hysteroscopy polypectomy.

scholarly journals Benign Histopathologic Findings of Endometrium among Perimenopausal Women presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (243) ◽  
pp. 1141-1145
Author(s):  
Ramesh Dhakhwa ◽  
Rashmi Bhattarai ◽  
Jayanti Shah ◽  
Archana Shakya ◽  
Sailesh Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Perimenopausal Women

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding is the most common presenting complaint in the perimenopausal age group. Endometrial biopsy obtained by dilatation and curettage is the preferred modality of investigation to determine the causative pathology of abnormal uterine bleeding. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of the benign histopathological findings in perimenopausal women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients between 1st June 2020 to 30th September 2021. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College (reference number: 305202002). Using the convenience sampling method, 96 cases of endometrial biopsies were studied under light microscopy. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version23.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among the 96 specimens, the prevalence of benign findings was 93 (96.9%) (93-100 at 95% Confidence Interval). Among them, the commonest benign histopathologic spectrum was hormonal imbalance pattern in 40 (41.7%) followed by normal menstrual pattern 35 (36.5%). Five (5.2%) cases showed chronic endometritis. Six (6.2%) cases of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia were identified. Three (3.1%) cases showed endometrial atrophy. Four (4.1%) cases showed endometrial polyp. Conclusions: The prevalence of benign histopathological findings among endometrial biopsies in the study was similar to other studies.

scholarly journals Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (225) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minaxi Thakur ◽  
Meenu Maharjan ◽  
Heera Tuladhar ◽  
Yam Dwa ◽  
Sunita Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thyroid Profile

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common gynecological presentation, accounting forat least 20% of all new outpatient visits. It has been recognized that thyroid dysfunction may haveprofound effects on the female reproductive system. Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism areassociated with a variety of changes, including delayed onset of puberty, anovulatory cycles, andabnormally high fetal wastage. Hence, this study was conducted to know the thyroid status of thepatient with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in all the patients with abnormaluterine bleeding in a tertiary care hospital from 2 August 2019 to 2 February 2020. Ethical clearancewas received from the institutional review committee of KIST Medical College. Convenient samplingwas done. Data was collected using a questionnaire which includes patients profile, the pattern ofabnormal uterine bleeding, and thyroid profile. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Packagefor the Social Sciences version 23. Results: Out of 79 patients, it was found that 67 (84.8%) were euthyroid, 11 (13.9%) were hypothyroid,and 1 (1.2%) was hyperthyroidism. The most common type of abnormal uterine bleeding wasmenorrhagia 34 (43%), followed by polymenorrhoea 23 (29%), oligomenorrhoea 13 (16.5%),menometrorrhagia 6 (7.6%), metrorrhagia 2 (2.5%), and hypomenorrhea 1 (1.3%). The maximumnumber of patients was between 20-25 years with the mean age of 31 years. Among hypothyroid, 7(8.8%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 4 (5%) had frank hypothyroidism. Conclusions: Most females with abnormal uterine bleeding were euthyroid. Menorrhagia was themost common pattern of abnormal uterine bleeding.

scholarly journals Clinical pattern and presentation of abnormal uterine bleeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Sarala V. ◽  
Ushadevi Gopalan
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anovulatory Cycle ◽  
Management Of Complications ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
One Year

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a very common debilitating gynecological condition among women of the reproductive age group. This diagnosis is given to women in whom no clear etiology is identified. It can occur in ovulatory and anovulatory cycle. It influences the physical, emotional, sexual and professional life of a woman. This study was carried out to evaluate the clinical profile of abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 350 patients who were clinically diagnosed with AUB for a period of one year from April 2018 to March 2019. Patients with uterine polyp, adenomyosis, Leiomyoma, malignancies and with various coagulopathies were excluded from the study by physical examination, ultrasound, histopathology and blood test. The remaining 280 patients between the ages 20-60 years were selected for clinical classification of AUB.Results: Majority of the participants were in the age group of 41-50 years (60%). AUB is most commonly seen in multiparous women (48.92%). The prominent bleeding pattern seen was menorrhagia (52.2%).Conclusions: Menorrhagia is the most common form of AUB and there is a need to prevent the consequences of menorrhagia by way of creating awareness among the women, and by early diagnosis and clinical management of complications.

scholarly journals CLINICAL BLEEDING PATTERNS AND MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES OF ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING IN WESTERN KENYA.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Shichenje Mutakha ◽  
Emily Mwaliko ◽  
Philip Kirwa
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Prolonged Bleeding ◽  
Diagnostic Guideline

ABSTRACTBackgroundAbnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects 30% of reproductive age women globally. However, there are limited local studies evaluating the management of these women. The diagnostic guideline using structural and functional causes of AUB adopts the PALM-COEIN criteria, namely: Polyp; Adenomyosis; Leiomyoma; Malignancy and Hyperplasia; Coagulopathy; Ovulatory dysfunction; Endometrial; Iatrogenic; and Not yet classified. This study aimed to determine the clinical bleeding patterns and management of AUB among women in their reproductive age.MethodsA cross-sectional study among 108 women with AUB aged 18-45 years was conducted at the gynaecology department of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya between April 2018 and April 2019. Their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected using interviewer administered structured questionnaire and chart reviews. Adherence to diagnosis recommendations was assessed using PALM COEIN classification. Descriptive and inferential data analysis was conducted at 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe median age was 30 (IQR: 22, 41) years with prolonged bleeding as the most predominant pattern at 41.7%. Bleeding patterns were significantly associated with age (p = 0.04). Only 16.7% were diagnosed as per the PALM-COEIN criteria with PALM and COEIN accounting for 60% and 40% respectively. Leiomyoma (44.5%) was the common cause of AUB. Laboratory evaluation included: pregnancy tests, full Haemogram, hormonal profile and biopsy. Most (79.6%) of the women had abdominopelvic ultrasound done. Medical management was provided for 78.7% of women.ConclusionProlonged bleeding was the most common pattern with medical management preferred. There is need for in-hospital algorithms to ensure adherence to PALM-COEIN guidelines.

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