scholarly journals Prospective evaluation of causes of infertility at a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3988
Author(s):  
Monica Soni ◽  
Santosh Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
North West ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Infertile Couples

Background: Infertility is defined as the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Worldwide, its prevalence is approximately 8-12%. There are numerous factors such as anatomical, physiological, genetic, environmental and acquired factors that cause infertility. The aim of the present study was to determine the causes and clinical pattern of infertility in infertile couples in North West India.Methods: It was a hospital based observational study carried out on 211 infertile couples in reproductive age group attending infertility clinic of Sardar Patel Medical College and associated PBM Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan between September 2016-February 2017. Collection of data was performed by means of a specifically designed questionnaire, which apart from the demographic data also included questions concerning the causes of infertility. Cases of infertility diagnosed after detailed history, clinical examinations and laboratory tests were included.Results: Out of 211 infertile couples, female factor was predominant in 60.18%, male factor in 15.16%, unexplained in 15.16% while a combination of both factors was seen in 9.47% cases in our study. 33.17% women had ovulatory dysfunction diagnosed by menstrual history and ultrasonography. Tubal block was observed in 9.47% infertile women. 6.63% women had hypothyroidism and 1.89% infertile women were diagnosed to have endometriosis. Husband semen analysis was also done to assess male factor. Nearly 5.21% of their male partners suffered from oligospermia, 4.73% had azoospermia and oligoasthenospermia was observed in 3.79% male partners.Conclusions: Predominant cause of infertility can be reported in male or female partner or both so, either partner should be counselled and investigated properly. Our study reports a predominance of female factors as a cause of female infertility but male factors also accounted for a significant number of cases.

scholarly journals Analysis of causes and clinical pattern of infertility in couples coming to a tertiary care centre in Bihar, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2279
Author(s):  
Kalpana Singh ◽  
Rekha Kumari ◽  
Alok Ranjan ◽  
Geetam Bharti
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Clinical Pattern ◽  
High Level

Background: Infertility is one of the major health problems and a socially destabilizing condition for couples often causing marital disharmony. Infertility is defined as the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Worldwide, its prevalence is approximately 8-12%.There are numerous factors such as anatomical, physiological and genetic factors that cause infertility. Many environmental and acquired factors also lead to inability to conceive. Objective of the present study was to determine the causes and clinical pattern of infertility in infertile couples.Methods: It was a hospital based observational study carried out on 750 women in reproductive age group attending out-patient clinic of Reproductive Biology Department of Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS) at Patna during April 2013 to March 2017. All the cases of primary and secondary infertility diagnosed after full examinations and laboratory tests were included and cases lacking of full examinations and laboratory tests were excluded. All the data of infertile couples were recorded in a semi-structured Case Information Performa.Results: Out of 750 women 454 women had all the data and they participated in the study Nearly 68% women had primary infertility and rest had secondary infertility. Male factor was responsible in 37.39%, female factor in 20.48%, unexplained in 22.46% while a combination of both factor was seen in 8.37% cases in our study .135 women had irregular menstrual cycles in which 64(47%) had oligomenohhrea. 79% women had normal ultrasonography and nearly 11% of women had evidence of PCOD. 24% women had hypothyroidism (TSH more than 4.5 IU/L) and 59(13%) were found to have high level of prolactin i.e. >25 ng/ml. Nearly 8% of women had high level of FSH i.e. more than 10 IU/L which is an indicator of ovarian resistance. In nearly 16% women one fallopian tube was found blocked and 8% had both tubes blocked in hysterosalpingography. Husband semen analysis was done to assess male factor. Nearly 14% of their male partners suffered from azoospermia and 23% had at least one abnormal parameter in semen analysis.Conclusions: Etiological pattern of infertility varies in different parts of World. Male and female factors both are responsible for infertility. So, both the partners should be counselled and investigated properly.

scholarly journals Role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Madhuri N. ◽  
Rashmi H. S. ◽  
Sujatha M. S. ◽  
Dhanyata G.
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Primary Infertility

Background: Infertility is defined by WHO as a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. The prevalence of infertility is about 10%-15% of reproductive age couples. Female factor is responsible for 40-45% of etiology of infertility. Aim of the study was to evaluate the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in female infertility at a tertiary care centre.Methods: This is a retrospective hospital based study done at a tertiary care hospital attached to JSS Medical College, Mysuru between January 2017 and December 2018. Infertile women with primary or secondary infertility in the 18-40 years age group, with normal hormonal profile and no known male factor were included.Results: In our study, primary infertility was found in 77% of the 96 patients and secondary infertility was found in 23% of patients. In primary infertility, ovarian pathology was the most common finding while Endometriosis was the most common finding in secondary infertility group. 77 % patients were found to have bilaterally patent tubes while remaining had unilateral or bilateral blockage. On hysteroscopy, endometrial polyps were the commonest hysteroscopic finding in both groups.Conclusions: Combined hystero-laparoscopy is a safe, effective and reliable method in comprehensive evaluation of infertility. It helps in the diagnosis of pelvic pathology which may have been missed by routine examination and thereby helps in optimal management of female infertility.

scholarly journals Abnormal semen parameters among males in infertile couples: a cross sectional study from a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3398
Author(s):  
Jyoti Garg ◽  
Rachana Meena ◽  
Shailaja Shukla ◽  
Sunita Sharma ◽  
Riva Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Male Factor Infertility ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Couples

Background: In India, the prevalence of primary infertility ranges from 3.9% to 16.8%. Male factor contributes 40-50% of this. Male factor infertility is indicated by decreased sperm concentration, reduced motility, vitality or abnormal sperm morphology. Semen analysis is the single most important investigation to detect male factor infertility. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of abnormal semen parameters among males in infertile couples and their association with contributing factors.Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out in the Department of Pathology at Lady Hardinge Medical College and Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital. A total of 400 cases were analyzed during a period of 6 months. Detailed history of the couple was taken. Semen analysis was done using automated semen analyzer (SQA-vision) after 3 days of abstinence according to the WHO 5th edition 2010 guidelines. The results were analysed using excel sheet and SPSS software.Results: In the present study, 122 cases (30.5%) out of 400 cases had abnormal semen parameters. Most common abnormality detected was asthenozoospermia (14.3%) followed by oligozoospermia (13.8%), azoospermia (10.5%) and teratozoospermia (10.5%). There was significant association of alcohol intake, obesity and trauma with abnormal semen parameters.Conclusions: Asthenozoospermia was the most common abnormality noted in this study. Lifestyle modifications along with timely medical attention in male partners of infertile couples can improve the semen quality.

scholarly journals Depressive morbidity among female partner of infertile couple in a tertiary care setup in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Tanzeem S Chowdury ◽  
T A Chowdhury ◽  
Shirin Akter Begum ◽  
Yasmin Begum ◽  
Mehriban Amatullah
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Primary Infertility ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: There are 80 million infertile couples in the world which correspond to approximately 15% of all couples in their reproductive age. Negative attitude and behavior of family and acquaintances causes severe psychological stress resulting in social discrimination and stigmatization which may lead to anxiety, depression and even suicide. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence and predictors of depressive morbidity among Bangladeshi infertile women. Methods: This prospective, observational study was done on a total of 215 female partners of infertile couples who attended ‘Infertility Management Center’; a Dhaka based tertiary care setup for infertility management and assisted reproductive technologies from August - December 2016. Only those who were unable to conceive after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse and agreed to take part in the study were included in the study. Patients with history of mental illness prior to infertility diagnosis and on any anti-psychotic drugs were excluded from the study. Data collection was done using the validated Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. Results: Among the study population 72.6% were suffering from primary infertility and 27.4% from secondary infertility. Of them, 52.6% had 5 to 10 years and 47.4% had various duration of infertility. Female cause of infertility was in 30.7% couples, male cause was in 16.3%, both were in 4.7% and finally unknown was 48.4%. Female partners of infertile couples showed different types of mode disorders such as 29.3% (n=63) having severe depression, 39.5% moderate, 20.5% mild and 10.7% having no depression. Association between educational status and depression score showed 53.02% graduate having severe depression, though statistically it was not significant. Depression was most common among patients suffering from primary infertility and among housewives as they probably had more time to think and feel the situation. Conclusion: The high level of depression among female partners of infertile couples revealed in this study is quiet alarming and requires attention of the medical fraternity. This study proposes that clinicians should be more aware about anxiety-depression disorders among infertile groups and the necessity of identifying patients who require psychological assistance. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2019; 45: 93-96

STUDY OF DISTRIBUTION OF REPRODUCTIVE TRACT ANOMALIES IN INFERTILE WOMEN THROUGH HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY IN CENTRAL INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
Santoshkumar Bhise
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Central India ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Infertile Women

Context:Infertility has risen to be a public health problem in India, National Family Health Survey (NFHS) – 4 estimates showing 5.2% of the women in reproductive age group to be infertile. Infertility can be due to male factors, female factors and in some cases unexplained; female factors comprising of 40-45% of the total cases. Amongst the female factors anatomical congenital anomalies as well as acquired abnormalities of the reproductive tract may cause primary or secondary infertility. Aims: This study aimed at looking at the distribution of congenital anatomical anomalies of the uterus and fallopian tubes as well as the distribution of anatomical changes in uterus and fallopian tubes due to pathological conditions through Hysterosalpingograhy (HSG) in infertile women. Methods & Materials: 103 women attending Obs. and Gyneac. OPD for diagnosis and treatment of infertility in a tertiary care hospital in Central India were selected in this observation study. Sampling was purposive. HSG was performed and the data was obtained from the department of radiology. Descriptive analysis was done, and where applicable bi-variate analysis was done with chi-square test. Results:There were 63 cases of primary (mean age = 25 years ± 3.2) and 40 cases of secondary infertility (mean age = 30 years ± 2.9). 24% of the total cases had tubal occlusion, 16.5% had hydrosalpinx, 4% had arcuate and bicornuate uterus each and 1 % had unicornuate uterus, lling defects in uterus, deviation of uterine cavity, T-shaped uterus and sub-mucous broid each. 47% of the cases had normal HSG ndings. Conclusions: The results show that acquired causes of tubes were most common ndings in HSG of infertile women, pointing to preventable and easily manageable cases of infections of reproductive tract. Timely management of such cases at primary health care level can help reduction of infertility cases.

scholarly journals A study of abnormal semen parameters in infertile couples in Assam, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Parija Juneja ◽  
Pranay K. Phukan ◽  
Debojit Changmai
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Volume Viscosity ◽  
Infertile Couples

Background: The importance of male factor contribution to infertility is well recognised. Semen analysis is an indispensable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of the male partners of infertile couples.  Aim and objective of the study was conducted to determine the abnormalities in semen among male partners in infertile couples.Methods: Detailed history, examination and semen analysis was done. Semen samples were analysed for volume, viscosity, sperm concentration, motility, and morphology, according to WHO guidelines.Results: This study, done at a tertiary care center in north eastern India has demonstrated that abnormal semen quality is a major factor contributing to infertility in couples. Total number of participants were 94. Most of the male partners i.e. 65.96%, who came for infertility evaluation were between 30-39 years of age with 56.38% participants having abnormal semen parameters. The most common abnormality found was asthenozoospermia seen in 35.11% of cases followed by oligozoospermia seen in 25.53% of cases. Teratozoospermia and azoospermia were seen in 7.45% and 4.26% of cases respectively.Conclusions: Males contribute towards infertility in couples significantly. Abnormal semen pattern is a common cause. More research is needed to render more valuable and significant results regarding male infertility.

scholarly journals Thyroid status and treatment responses of hypothyroid infertile women: a study in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1450
Author(s):  
A. H. M. Aktaruzzaman ◽  
Afsar Ahmmed ◽  
Sabina Yasmin ◽  
M. Shafiqul Islam Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Recently, the prevalence of hypothyroidism in the reproductive age group is found up to 4%. In many studies it had been claimed that, thyroid status is directly involved in women reproductive system. Hypothyroidism can be easily detected by assessing serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. The aim of this study was to dig out the prevalence of hypothyroidism in infertile women and to assess their responses in treatment procedures.Methods: This observational study was conducted National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2019 to December 2019 in total 236 women of Endocrinology Department treatment. Patients were followed up for six months even if pregnancy was attained.Results: In total 22% (n=52) patients were hypothyroid. Among them 35 (15%) were subclinical hypothyroid and 17 (7%) were frank hypothyroid. Besides these, 73% (n=172) were euthyroid and the rest 5% (n=12) were hyperthyroid. On the other hand, in analysing the outcome (treatment responses) among the hypothyroid subjects we observed regular menstruation, normal ovulation, clinical pregnancy and chemical pregnancy were achieved by 92.31% (n=48), 88.46% (n=46), 50% (n=26) and 69.23% (n=36) subjects respectively.Conclusions: According to the study, the careful diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism can ensure benefit a lot rather than going for unnecessary hormone assays and costly invasive procedures in for women of infertility.

scholarly journals One-year retrospective study on clinical, investigational and operative correlation in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5519
Author(s):  
Basant Kumar Pati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
One Year

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening emergency which is one of the important cause of maternal mortality. Ectopic pregnancy must be suspected in any woman in the reproductive age group, presenting with lower abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding. Our aim was to review all cases of ectopic pregnancy and determine the incidence, high risk factors, types of clinical presentation and mode of management.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Medical records of all women with an ectopic pregnancy between 2016 and 2017 were seen. Demographic data, risk factors, clinical features, and mode of management were noted.Results: 90 patients, diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy during last one year was included in the present study, with an incidence of 1.2%. Majority of women were aged 20-30 years (50%). 74.4% cases were ruptured ectopic. The most common risk factors were previous ectopic (50%) and pelvic inflammatory disease (17.7%). Lower abdominal pain was seen in 80 (40.3%) patients. Majority of patients (91.1%) had tubal ectopic pregnancies. Most common mode of treatment was salpingectomy.Conclusions: Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy must be enquired and early diagnosis and management to be done to avoid maternal morbidity and mortality.

Seroprevalence of Enterically Transmitted Hepatitis in North West India

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Rekha Bachhiwal ◽  
Rajni Sharma ◽  
Pooja Gupta ◽  
Jyotsna Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Subacute Hepatitis ◽  
North West ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
Current Infection

Introduction: To ascertain the seroprevalence of enterically transmitted Hepatitis A (HAV) and Hepatitis E (HEV) in cases with acute/subacute hepatitis attending a tertiary care hospital in North West India. Methods: A total of 2936 cases were examined for the presence of current infection with HAV and HEV, determined by demonstration of HAV-IgM and HEV-IgM antibodies using ELISA. Results: Overall seroprevalence for enterically transmitted hepatitis was found to be 24.89%. HAV IgM was present in 7.35% and HEV IgM was present in 17.54% of total cases. HAV infection was predominantly found in pediatric age group while HEV infection was mostly seen among adults. Male preponderance was noted. Enteric hepatitis cases occurred throughout the year. No definitive seasonal pattern was observed. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated high seropositivity of enterically transmitted hepatitis indicating the need for improvement in personal and public hygiene, and development of HEV vaccine.

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