scholarly journals A retrospective study of the epidemiology of esophageal cancer and its management in a Central Indian Institute

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Ansari ◽  
Arvind Rai
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Indian Institute ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Esophageal Stenting

Background: The aim of the study was to better understand the epidemiology of esophageal cancer and its management in Indian patients.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in a Central Indian institute in which 42 patients of esophageal cancer admitted during a 2 year period were evaluated and treated. All underwent upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scan to assess site and extent of tumor.Results: There were a total of 42 patients in the study of which the mean age group was 50-65 years with the disease occurring more commonly in males (65%). The male -female ratio was 1.8:1. The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma with 32 patients (76.2%) followed by adenocarcinoma with 10 patients (23.8%). The most common site of the esophagus involved was the lower third and gastro-esophageal junction in 23 patients (54.76%) followed by mid esophagus in 14 patients (33.3%). Most patients were inoperable as the most common stage of presentation was IV in 18 patients. Esophagectomy was possible in 8 patients while 26 underwent feeding jejunostomy and 8 underwent esophageal stenting before being sent for chemoradiation. The 1 year survival rate in this study was 16.6%.Conclusions: Cancer esophagus is still a disease that presents late for treatment in India with majority of patients managed with palliative interventions followed by chemoradiation. The survival rate is poor. Squamous cell carcinoma is far more common with adenocarcinoma showing increasing trends, both occurring more commonly in the lower esophagus.

The epidemiological trend of esophageal cancer in Mumbai, India over the past two decades.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16095-e16095
Author(s):  
Anbarasan Sekar ◽  
Akhil Rajendra ◽  
Vanita Noronha ◽  
Smruti Mokal ◽  
Vijay Maruti Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

e16095 Background: There has been a definite histopathological shift in esophageal cancer in the West over the past few decades, with adenocarcinoma overtaking squamous cell carcinoma as the commonest type. Asian countries with a high human development index like China have also reported an increased incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Data on the epidemiology of esophageal cancer in India are limited. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of all patients with histologically proven esophageal cancer at Tata Memorial Hospital, from 2003 to 2018. We excluded non-squamous and non-adenocarcinoma histologies. Results: Of a total of 7,874 patients with esophageal cancer, 5,092 (64.7%) were men, for a male to female ratio of 2.5:1. The median age was 57 years (IQR, 50-65); 4,465 (56.7%) were below 60 years old. Of the 4912 patients in whom a history of tobacco or alcohol use had been elicited, there were 1,360 (27.7%) patients with no history of substance use. The site of the primary was the upper third in 906 (12.8%), middle third esophagus in 2,942 (41.5%), lower third in 2,331 (32.8%) and gastroesophageal junction in 917 (12.9%) patients. The predominant histology was squamous cell carcinoma in 6,413 (81.4%) patients and adenocarcinoma in 1461 (18.6%). There was no change in the histologic pattern over the period of the study; squamous cell carcinoma constituted 78.5% of the cases in 2003, and 85.5% in 2018; Chi square test for the year wise trend in histologic patterns was not significant, p=0.143. Evaluation of the histologic subtype according to sex revealed that in the male patients, there were 3890 (76.4%) squamous and 1202 (23.6%) adenocarcinoma cases, while in female patients, there were 2523 (90.7%) squamous and 259 (9.3%) adenocarcinoma cases. On a uni variate analysis, male sex (p<0.001), a history of tobacco or alcohol use (p<0.001), and the presence of comorbidity (p<0.007) were associated with an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression model revealed that female sex and use of tobacco or alcohol were positively associated with squamous cell carcinoma, while the presence of comorbities and primary in lower esophagus/GEJ were positively associated with adenocarcinoma. Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma continues to be the commonest esophageal cancer histologic subtype in over 80% Indian patients. The mid esophagus is the most common site (42%). There is no evidence of an epidemiological shift or an increase in the occurrence of adenocarcinoma or of lower esophageal/GEJ malignancy over the past two decades.

scholarly journals Pattern of esophageal cancer in tertiary care hospital in North India: a clinicopathological study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1405
Author(s):  
Vishal Gupta ◽  
Subash Bhardwaj ◽  
Opinder Kumar Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
North India ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio

Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest and eighth most common cancer worldwide. It is the sixth most common cause of cancer related deaths with developing nations making up more than 80% of total cases and deaths. The purpose of this study was to assess the histopathological pattern of esophageal cancer in our region.Methods: In our centre, we analyzed 101 cases of endoscopic esophageal biopsy proven cases of esophageal cancer from January 2014 to June 2016. In most of these cases, dysphagia was the commonest indication of esophageal endoscopy.Results: 65 cases (64.4%) were males and 36 cases (35.6%) were females. Most of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 years. The histopathological analysis revealed squamous cell carcinoma as the most common esophageal cancer (n=61, 60.4%) followed by adenocarcinoma (n=38, 37.6%) and 02 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma (2%).Conclusions: Esophageal cancer is one of the commonest digestive tract malignancy in India. The males are affected more than the females with male to female ratio of 1.8:1. The maximum number of cases being seen in fifth and sixth decade of life. The squamous cell carcinoma is the most common esophageal cancer seen, with middle esophagus being the commonest site. However, the number of cases of adenocarcinoma are on rise.

scholarly journals Clinical, epidemiological, and diagnostic characteristics of esophageal carcinoma in a Pakistani population

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sohaib Asghar ◽  
Noman Ahmed Khan ◽  
Syed Jawad Haider Kazmi ◽  
Maira Hassan ◽  
Uzma Rasheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Esophageal Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Luminal Narrowing ◽  
Male To Female

BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer ranks eighth among the most prevalent cancers globally and is the sixth leading cause of mortality from malignancy worldwide; it is the 7th most prevalent malignancy in males and the 6th most prevalent malignancy in females. In Pakistan, the incidence is 4.1 per 100 000 with the province of Baluchistan having the greatest incidence. OBJECTIVE: Report trends and characteristics of esophageal cancer in Pakistan over the past 10 years. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, retrospective review of medical records. SETTING: Tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included all patients admitted with a diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma with a mass lesion or luminal narrowing. The records were for the period from January 2011 to September 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gender, histopathological types/differentiation along with clinical/laboratory findings. SAMPLE SIZE: 1009 with a mean (standard deviation) age of 49.3 (14.2) and a median (interquartile range of 50 (22) years (443 males and 566 females with age of 51.0 [20] years and 47.9 [23.8] years, respectively). The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.2. RESULTS: Most patients (82.7%) had squamous cell carcinomas with a male-to-female ratio of 1:2; the remainder had adenocarcinomas with a male-to-female ratio of 4:1 ( P <.001). Dysphagia, weight loss, and vomiting were the most prevalent symptoms. More adenocarcinoma masses were located distally compared with squamous cell carcinomas ( P =.030), lesions were most likely to be ulcerated ( P =.910). Luminal narrowing was slightly more frequent in squamous cell carcinoma ( P =.215), thickening was more prominently circumferential in the adenocarcinomas. In squamous cell carcinoma, the most common variant was moderately differentiated while moderate to poorly differentiated variants were more common in adenocarcinoma. In the survival analysis, squamous cell carcinoma ( P =.014 vs adenocarcinoma), particularly the well-differentiated type ( P =.018 vs other variants), projected a better prognosis. CONCLUSION: Our study reports the most recent trends of esophageal carcinoma in this region. LIMITATIONS: Lack of metastatic workup, TNM staging, and mode of treatment, along with the overlapping pattern of histological variants. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

PS02.031: DEFINITIVE CHEMORADIOTHERAPY WITH DOCETAXEL, CISPLATIN, AND 5-FLUOROURACIL (DCF-R) FOR ADVANCED CERVICAL ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 128-129
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Okamoto ◽  
Yusuke Taniyama ◽  
Tadashi Sakurai ◽  
Takahiro Heishi ◽  
Chiaki Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Definitive Chemoradiotherapy

Abstract Background Recently, definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) has become one of the essential treatment strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and has been especially gaining prevalence for cervical ESCC to preserve the larynx. There have been recent reports on favorable outcomes of docetaxel/CDDP/5-FU (DCF-R) for advanced esophageal cancer. Our department recently introduced DCF-R for treating advanced cervical ESCC. We analyzed the safety and outcomes of DCF-R in patients with advanced cervical ESCC. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 12 advanced cervical ESCC patients (clinical stage II–IV, including T4b and/or M1 lymph node) in our department who received DCF-R as the first-line treatment between December 2010 and February 2015. Results Our patient cohort comprised 9 males and 3 females (median age, 67.5 years; range: 54–76 years). All patients were squamous cell carcinoma. The median observation period was 34.5 (8–80) months with total irradiation dose of 64.0 (60–70) Gy. The pretreatment clinical stage (according to Union for International Cancer Center) included one stage II, seven stage III, and four stage IV cases (including 3 patients with T4b [2 trachea and 1 thyroid] and 4 patients with M1 lymph node. We attained complete response (CR) in 10 patients and stable disease in 2 patients. Of 10 patients with CR, 5 experienced recurrence and 5 continued exhibiting CR. Two persistent patients included one patient who died of cancer and one patient who underwent salvage surgery. Furthermore, grade 3 or more adverse events as defined in Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event version 4 included leucopenia (91.7%), neutropenia (91.7%), febrile neutropenia (50%), and pharyngeal pain (50%). There was no treatment-related mortality and treatment schedules were completed in all patients, although dose reduction of the second cycle of chemotherapy was required in four patients (33%) and change in the radiation schedule was required in one patient (8.3%). While the 2-/3-/5-year overall survival rate was 66.7%/48.6%/48.6%, the 2-/3-/5-year recurrent-free survival rate was 58.3%/50.0%/37.5%, respectively. Conclusion DCF-R treatment for advanced cervical ESCC could be completed by the careful administration, and although a strong blood toxicity might occur, a favorable prognosis can be obtained with larynx preservation. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Comparison of definitive chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy for stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
S. Yamamoto ◽  
R. Ishihara ◽  
M. Motoori ◽  
Y. Kawaguchi ◽  
Y. Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Stage I ◽  
High Local Recurrence Rate

67 Background: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) of esophageal cancer has been proposed as an alternative to esophagectomy given the favourable survival rate and mild toxicity. However, no comparative study is reported between esophagectomy and CRT in stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: A total of 54 patients treated by definitive CRT and 116 patients treated by esophagectomy at out institution between February 1995 and August 2008 were included in the analysis. Overall survival and recurrence rates were evaluated. Results: Of 170 patients who had clinical stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and treated by definitive CRT or esophagectomy, 169 patients (99%) were completely followed up. CRT mainly consisted of two cycles of cisplatin and fluorouracil with concurrent radiotherapy of 60 Gy in 30 fractions. Median (range) observation period was 67 (10–171) months in SURG group and 30 (4–77) months in CRT group. In CRT group grade 3 or grade 4 hematological or non-hematological adverse effects were seen in 24 (44.4%) patients. 1-year and 3-year overall survival rates were 97.4% and 85.5% in the SURG group and 98.1% and 88.7% in the CRT group (P = 0.78). By using Cox proportional hazards modelling, overall survival was comparable between the 2 groups after adjusting for age, sex, and size of cancer. Hazard ratio of CRT for overall survival was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.37-2.47). The incidence or local recurrence including metachronous esophageal cancer was significantly higher in the CRT group than the SURG group (P < 0.0001). All recurrences were intramucosal carcinomas and all of them were cured after the salvage treatment mainly using endoscopy. Conclusions: Overall survival rate of CRT was comparable with esophagectomy despite high local recurrence rate. Local recurrent carcinoma is endoscopically treatable in all patients without influence on overall survival. CRT appears to be a reasonable alternative to esophagectomy in patients with stage I esophageal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients less than 40 years in a Nigerian population

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
A.O Lawal ◽  
A.O Adisa ◽  
O.A Effiom
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Case File ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Well Differentiated

Objectives: Oral cancer ranks amongst the sixth to eight most common cancers worldwide and exhibits a great variation in incidence among countries. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is rare in individuals less than 40 years of age, with occurrences averaging 4 to 6% in people less than 40 years. The aim of this study was to review the clinical and pathological characteristics of OSCC cases in patients less than 40 years of age in five tertiary health facilities in Nigeria.Methods:All OSCC in the period from 1970 to 2015 from case file records and biopsy reports were retrieved from the records of the five teaching hospitals, to obtain age, gender, location and histologic grades.Results: Ninety-seven (17.4%) cases of OSCC were diagnosed in patients less than 40 years of age. These included 58 males and 38 females giving a male: female ratio of 1.5:1. The mandibular mucosa with 27 (28.7%) cases was the most common site followed by the maxillary mucosa with 24 (25.5%) and palate with 14 (14.4%) cases. Only 5 (5.3 %) cases of OSCC occurred in the tongue. The well differentiated OSCC was the most common histological grade accounting for 48 (50.0 %) cases while the moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated OSCC accounted for 31 (32.3 %) and 17 (17.7 %) cases respectively.Conclusion: OSCC was relatively more common in patients less than 40 years of age in this study than those of previous studies from other regions and OSCC in patients less than 40 years of age was relatively rare in the tongue when compared with similar cohorts from other continents. Key words: oral squamous cell carcinoma; age less than 40; tongue; mandibular mucosa, Nigeria

EP.FRI.253 Outcomes of treatment of anal squamous cell carcinoma over a 10-year period

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Ayantunde ◽  
Khaled Noureldin ◽  
Daniel Edison ◽  
Hafizul Haq ◽  
Bandipalyam Praveen
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Carcinoid Tumour ◽  
Palliative Therapy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Female Ratio

Abstract Background We evaluated our 10-year experience with the treatment and outcomes of patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC). Patients and Method Clinical and pathological data of patients with ASCC were analysed between January 2011 and December 2019. All patients underwent the standard workup according to the anal cancer network guidelines and treated accordingly. Patients were followed up clinically and with imaging according to the network protocol. The outcome measures were clinicopathological characteristics, treatment modalities, recurrent disease, disease-free and overall survival. Results 117 patients were diagnosed with ASCC over the 10-year period. 14 patients with adenocarcinoma(11), melanoma(1), Paget disease(1) and carcinoid tumour(1) were excluded. Median age of 103 patients included was 68 (38-101) years with a Male to female ratio of 1:2. Four patients were HIV positive and 42.7% of the patients had AIN of varying degree of dysplasia. 66% (68/103) of the patients had radical chemoradiotherapy with curative intent while 9 patients with tumour ≤2cm underwent wide local excision. Six patients underwent palliative therapy and the remaining 20 were on supportive palliative care. 61.2% of the patients treated with radical chemoradiotherapy had complete response while 10.7% had partial response. Four patients with incomplete response underwent salvage APER. 13% (10/77) of the patients treated with curative intention developed recurrence.  The overall mean survival time was 77.9 (95% CI 66.73-89.06) months with 5-year survival rate of 59%. The overall mortality rate was 42.7% and disease-specific mortality was 26.2%. Conclusion ASCC responds well to radical chemoradiotherapy with enhanced survival rate. 

scholarly journals Profile of oral cavity neoplastic lesions: two year pilot study at tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107
Author(s):  
Manish Munjal ◽  
Ramandeep Kaur ◽  
Porshia Rishi ◽  
Nitika Tuli ◽  
Harjinder Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In India 53,251 new head and neck cancer cases are diagnosed every year. Benign tumours are more frequently in the oral cavity than oropharynx.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The prospective study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, over a period of two and half years, comprised of 66 cases of head and neck neoplasia. The demographic, gender profile, clinical presentation, histopathological diagnosis, therapeutic modality undertaken and post op complications of neoplastic lesions of the oral cavity were studied. follow up was done for 6 months. The therapeutic modalities included surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy as per the stage of the lesion.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Incidence of oral cancer is 13.6% among head and neck neoplasms over a period of 2 years (2011-2012). The overall male to female ratio was 1:1.25, among benign was 1:1 and among malignant was 1:1.3. Benign oral cavity tumors were managed surgically with wide excision. Out of 7, 4 (44%) malignant oral cavity tumor patient experienced difficulty in swallowing. Three (43%) out of 4 squamous cell carcinoma patients complained of difficulty in speaking, which is commonly seen in post-glossectomy patients. The survival rate for 6 months follows up, was 100%.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Squamous cell carcinoma is the commonest oral cavity neoplasia. At post treatment follow up period of 6 months survival rate of benign neoplasia is better than malignant neoplasia.</p>

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