scholarly journals Universal hearing screening in newborns: experience in a tertiary care hospital of Mangalore, Karnataka, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Bhanu Chandar Reddy ◽  
Sinchana Bhat ◽  
Roshan Ann Oommen ◽  
Santosh T. Soans
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Universal Hearing Screening

Background: The aim of the study was to do universal hearing screening of all newborns using otoacoustic emission (OAE), to know the incidence and risk factors of hearing loss in neonates.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done in a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore city in Karnataka. 950 neonates were screened with distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) during the study period of one year from 2017 to 2018. A repeat test was done at one and a half months of age if the first test failed. Auditory brain stem evoked response (ABER) was performed at 3 months of age if both the tests failed. Babies with hearing loss were referred to ENT specialist for further management. Comparison of the variables was done by student’s t test and Chi-square test. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of the 950 newborns screened with DPOAE test, 204 (21.4 %) babies had abnormal screen either in single or both ears. 7 out of 204 (3.43%) babies had abnormal OAE on repeat testing at one and half months. 2 out of 7 babies (0.96 %) had significant hearing loss ABER was performed at 3 months of age.Conclusions: Early identification by screening of hearing loss prevents a significant public health concern. Early recognition and intervention prior to 6 months have a significant positive impact on development.

scholarly journals Neurological Manifestations of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection at a Tertiary Care Centre from Southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Vykuntaraju K. Gowda ◽  
Preeti Kulhalli ◽  
Dhananjaya K. Vamyanmane
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Congenital Cmv

Abstract Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous herpes virus. It is the most common congenital viral infection. Data on congenital CMV in India are lacking and hence the present study was undertaken. Objectives The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological profile of neurological manifestations of congenital CMV infections in tertiary care hospital. Methods This is a retrospective chart review of the clinical and laboratory profile of congenital CMV infections presenting from January 2018 to February 2020 to a tertiary care hospital in Southern India. Details of clinical profile, serological and neuroimaging data were obtained and analyzed. Results A total of 42 cases with female preponderance (57%) were reported during the study period. The mean age of presentation was 2.9 years. Clinical features were developmental delay (81%), microcephaly (93%), seizures (33%), intrauterine growth restriction (19%), neonatal encephalopathy (10%), anemia (9%), jaundice (10%), hepato-splenomegaly (7%), and eye abnormalities (14%). Antenatal maternal fever was reported by 12%. Sensorineural hearing loss was present in 57%. Neuroimaging showed periventricular calcification (79%), cerebral atrophy (69%), ventricular dilatation (55%), malformations (26%), dysmyelination (12%), and temporal lobe cysts (5%). CMV-immunoglobulin-M positivity was seen in 14 cases (33%), urinary polymerase chain reaction for CMV was positive in 21 cases (50%), and clinical diagnosis was done in seven cases (16%). Conclusion Common findings in congenital CMV are microcephaly, developmental delay, seizures, anemia, and sensorineural hearing loss. Common neuroimaging findings are periventricular calcification, cerebral atrophy, malformation, white matter signal changes, and cysts. CMV can mimic like cerebral palsy, malformations of the brain, demyelinating disorders, and calcified leukoencephalopathies like Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.

Effect of mastoid drilling on hearing of the contralateral ear

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (10) ◽  
pp. 952-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Goyal ◽  
P P Singh ◽  
A Vashishth
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Contralateral Ear

AbstractObjectives:This study aimed to: understand the effect that high intensity noise associated with drilling (during otological surgery) has on hearing in the contralateral ear; determine the nature of hearing loss, if any, by establishing whether it is temporary or persistent; and examine the association between hearing loss and various drill parameters.Methods:A prospective clinical study was carried out at a tertiary centre. Thirty patients with unilateral cholesteatoma and normal contralateral hearing were included. Patients were evaluated pre-operatively and for five days following surgery using high frequency pure tone audiometry, and low and high frequency transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emission testing.Results:The findings revealed statistically significant changes in distortion product otoacoustic emissions at high frequencies (p = 0.016), and in transient evoked otoacoustic emissions at both low and high frequencies (p = 0.035 and 0.021, respectively). There was a higher statistical association between otoacoustic emission changes and cutting burrs compared with diamond burrs.Conclusion:Drilling during mastoid surgery poses a threat to hearing in the contralateral ear due to noise and vibration conducted transcranially.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cardiac Biomarkers in Dengue Myocarditis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debojyoti Bhattacharjee ◽  
Jayati Roy Choudhury ◽  
Kasturi Mukherjee ◽  
Kheya Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Introduction: Dengue, a vector borne viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquito has recently become a major public health concern in the tropical regions of the world. In addition to the two major life threatening complications- Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS), a variety of cardiac complications have been recognised, the most common being myocarditis. Aim: To study and compare the quantity of different cardiac biomarkers in patients of Dengue Fever with and without myocarditis. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based retrospective observational study done in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India from June 2019 to November 2019. Dengue patients with diagnosed myocarditis on day 7 of fever based on electro and echocardiogram changes of left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50% were considered as cases (n=41). Age and sex matched dengue patients with normal electro and echocardiogram changes were considered as control (n=43). After obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee Clearance, laboratory data were collected from samples coded and assayed for markers of acute cardiac myocyte damage such as total Creatine Kinase (CK), CK-Muscle Brain (CK-MB), Troponin T (Trop T) and cardiac failure biomarker N-Terminal pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20). Results: Cardiac biomarkers CK, CK-MB, Trop T and NT-proBNP levels in cases were higher compared to controls (p-value <0.05). Trop T and NT-proBNP were positively correlated to each other (r-value: 0.44). Trop T changes could also predict significantly the rise in NT-proBNP in circulation (p<0.05). Conclusion: It reconfirmed the need of routine monitoring of cardiac biomarkers in conjunction with other cardiac function tests in early diagnosis and or management of myocarditis, a severe complication of Dengue Viral Infection (DENV).

The Effects of Clinical Factors and Neonatal Morbidities on Hearing Screening Among Neonatal Admissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Nuseir ◽  
Maha Zaitoun ◽  
Hasan Albalas ◽  
Ahmad Alomari ◽  
Waseem Khasawneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Clinical Factors

Background: Hearing loss is an important disorder affecting newborns admitted to NICU. A national hearing screening program using otoacoustic emission testing is an essential tool to identify hearing loss early in neonates enabling early intervention to avoid further challenges of pediatric deafness. On the other hand, a delay of the auditory pathway maturation in preterm babies compared to term newborns has already been suggested in the literature. Taking this information into account, in this paper, we aim to identify the best time to perform NICU infant hearing screening tests. Objectives: We aim to study the clinical factors and neonatal morbidities that may affect neonatal hearing screening results using otoacoustic emission test, in order to decrease the false positive test results that increase parental anxiety and increase the need for subsequent investigations. Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study that included 204 infants who were admitted to a tertiary referral hospital NICU unit between September 2017 and May 2018. Both transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) screening tests were performed in order to screen hearing loss. Results: Our study included 204 infants, 52.9% of which were males and 47.1% females. There were correlations between both hyperbilirubinemia and ventilation ≥5 days and the failure rate of the first OAE test results among NICU infants where the P-values were (p=0.0133) and (p=0.0456) respectively. Moreover, 165 babies (80.9%) passed the first OAE with a mean birth weight of 2759 gram and mean maternal age of 30.6 years, while 39 babies (19.1%) failed the test with a mean birth weight of 2436 gram and mean maternal age of 32 years. There was no statistically significant relation between both maternal age and birth weight with failure of the first screening test. Conclusion: Our study suggests a higher failure rate of the first OAE in NICU infants who had hyperbilirubinemia or ventilation ≥5 days. Therefore, our recommendation is to postpone the first phase of hearing screening for those infants until the first scheduled vaccine appointment to achieve high compliance to attendance and decrease distress to the family that can be associated with false-negative results of the test.

The relationship between tinnitus pitch and parameters of audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (11) ◽  
pp. 1017-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Keppler ◽  
S Degeest ◽  
I Dhooge
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Homeostatic Plasticity ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Chronic Tinnitus ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectives:Chronic tinnitus is associated with reduced auditory input, which results in changes in the central auditory system. This study aimed to examine the relationship between tinnitus pitch and parameters of audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. For audiometry, the parameters represented the edge frequency of hearing loss, the frequency of maximum hearing loss and the frequency range of hearing loss. For distortion product otoacoustic emissions, the parameters were the frequency of lowest distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes and the frequency range of reduced distortion product otoacoustic emissions.Method:Sixty-seven patients (45 males, 22 females) with subjective chronic tinnitus, aged 18 to 73 years, were included.Results:No correlation was found between tinnitus pitch and parameters of audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. However, tinnitus pitch fell mostly within the frequency range of hearing loss.Conclusion:The current study seems to confirm the relationship between tinnitus pitch and the frequency range of hearing loss, thus supporting the homeostatic plasticity model.

scholarly journals The Pattern of Substance Abuse in the Psychiatry Department of a Tertiary Care of Srinagar Hospital, Jammu and Kashmir, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudasir Maqbool ◽  
Ginenus Fekadu ◽  
Dinka Dugassa ◽  
Firomsa Bekele ◽  
Ebisa Turi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
The Mean

Background: Substance-use related disorders (SUD) are a major public health concern worldwide, especially in developing nations. Currently, it is characterized by high rates of mortality and morbidity. Moreover, through increased utilization of healthcare services, it causes both direct and indirect significant medical expenditures. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the pattern of Substance abuse in the department of psychiatry of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Srinagar, Jammu, and Kashmir, India. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and open study conducted in the psychiatry inpatient department of a tertiary care hospital, Srinagar, Jammu, and Kashmir, India, for 7 months (January to May 2020). Results: Over a period of seven months, a total of 135 participants were recruited (105 males and 30 females). Most of them were Muslim (96.29%), married (68.14%), and living as a nuclear family (75.55%). Tobacco (Nicotine) was the most commonly used substance by those admitted to the psychiatry ward (62.96%), followed by cannabis (11.11%) and opioids (11.11%). The most comorbidity associated with substance abuse was psychiatric disorders (36.84%), followed by neurological disorders (21.05%), and gastrointestinal disorders (7.89%). Among those with psychiatric disorders, 14 (10.37%) had mood (bipolar) disorders. A total of 1129 medicines were prescribed for 135 patients. The mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) of the prescribed medicines was 8.48 ± 3.3. The average number of drugs per encounter was 8.48%. Conclusions: In this study, cigarette smoking (nicotine) was the most commonly abused substance. It can be justified by the fact that Kashmir is a conflict zone, and many people suffer from the post-traumatic stress disorder. Hence, a collaborated effort is necessary to improve the prescribing pattern and to enhance the rational use of medications for better treatment outcomes.

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