scholarly journals A study to estimate similarities or dissimilarities of thyroid parameters of cord blood and new-born venous blood amongst new-borns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vamsi K. Gangalam ◽  
Deepika Vodapally
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thyroid Profile

Background: Hypothyroidism may be congenital or may be acquired which might or may not have a delayed onset. Incomplete thyroid development and decreased thyroid hormone biosynthesis is a result of congenital hypothyroidism. Screening is usually missed in areas where testing is not done and being the reason for new cases of hypothyroid cases. The aim was to assess/evaluate whether cord blood can be used as a primary screening method for congenital hypothyroidism.Methods: The study was taken up in the department of pediatrics of a tertiary teaching hospital. A total of 200 babies were taken for the study during the whole study period. The cord blood at the time of delivery and 48 hour serum blood was collected and sent to the lab for thyroid profile estimation.Results: The study consisted of 109 males and 91 female infants. Among the 200 subjects, 156 were term babies and 44 preterm. The mean birth weight was 2.44 kgs. The mean cord TSH was 6.89±4.56, the mean T3 level was 81.03±38.84 and mean T4 level among the subjects was 11.17±3.33. The capillary venous blood was collected after 48 hours for thyroid profiling. The mean TSH was 5.15±3.13, mean T3 level was 111.53±36.49 and mean T4 level was 14.65±6.07. On comparison of cord blood and venous blood association was noted between them.Conclusions: From the present study findings it can be suggested cord blood can be used as a marker for early detection of congenital hypothyroidism.

Congenital Hypothyroidism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lee Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Central Hypothyroidism ◽  
Severe Intellectual Disability ◽  
Iodine Supplementation ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) results from the effects of insufficient thyroid hormone on the developing fetus and infant, and is characterized by severe intellectual disability and growth inhibition. CH can result from maternal iodine deficiency, which can be abolished by appropriate dietary iodine supplementation. Alternately, CH may be caused by congenital defects of the thyroid gland and thyroid hormone biosynthesis abnormalities (primary congenital hypothyroidism), or by “central hypothyroidism,” in which the brain produces insufficient thyroid stimulating hormone. Treatment of these latter etiologies requires administration of thyroid hormone.

scholarly journals Congenital malformations among newborns in Morocco: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Elghanmi ◽  
Rachid Razine ◽  
Mohamed Jou ◽  
Rachid Berrada
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Neonates And Infants

Congenital malformations are one of the leading causes of neonates and infants’ mortality and morbidity. The frequency of these congenital malformations varies in different populations. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence and pattern of congenital malformations in a tertiary teaching hospital in Rabat, Morocco. This four-year retrospective descriptive study was conducted from January 2011 to December 2014. All newborns with congenital malformations diagnosed at birth were included. Mothers and newborn characteristics were analyzed using SPSS 13.0. A total of 706 newborns were noted to have congenital malformation. The prevalence rate was 1.02%. The mean maternal age was 28.8±7.2 years. The mean maternal body mass index was 28.1±6.9 kg/m2. 13.3% of the mothers had a history of abortion. The nervous system was the most affected system (19.4%) followed by the musculoskeletal system (14.2%), the chromosomal abnormalities (12.3%) and the genito-urinary system (10.8%). Males newborns (57.9%) had more congenital malformations than females (40.5%). The rates for live-births, fetal asphyxia and stillbirths were 75.2%, 7.2% and 17.3%, respectively. This retrospective study provides recent and detailed data about congenital malformations in a Moroccan region. The result from this study will contribute to the knowledge of congenital malformations in this particular area and hence the supportive preventive policy.

scholarly journals Two novel missense mutations in the thyroid peroxidase gene, R665W and G771R, result in a localization defect and cause congenital hypothyroidism

2002 ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Umeki ◽  
T Kotani ◽  
J Kawano ◽  
T Suganuma ◽  
I Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Iodide Organification Defect ◽  
Organification Defect

OBJECTIVE: Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) deficiency is one of the causes of thyroid dyshormonogenesis, because TPO plays a key role in thyroid hormone biosynthesis. To determine the frequency and pattern of TPO abnormalities, we have been screening TPO genes of patients with congenital goitrous hypothyroidism. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: TPO genes of a patient with congenital goitrous hypothyroidism and her parents were directly sequenced, and two novel missense mutations (R665W and G771R) were found. The former was derived from her father and the latter from her mother. R665 and G771 were well conserved in the peroxidase superfamily. When mRNAs containing each of the mutations were transfected into CHO-K1 cells, each cell showed faint TPO enzyme activity. However, immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopic analyses revealed that neither of the mutated TPOs reached the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS: Two novel missense mutations in the TPO gene were found. TPO proteins encoded by these mutated alleles showed abnormal cellular localization; namely, localization on the plasma membrane was disturbed. The loss of plasma membrane localization in mutated TPOs brought about the iodide organification defect, which was diagnosed as congenital hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Needlestick and sharps injuries in an Indonesian tertiary teaching hospital from 2014 to 2017: a cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041494
Author(s):  
Evy Yunihastuti ◽  
Dewi Mira Ratih ◽  
Matdoan Rifkiah Aisyah ◽  
Ainum Jhariah Hidayah ◽  
Alvina Widhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sharps Injury ◽  
Sharps Injuries ◽  
Needlestick And Sharps Injuries

ObjectiveNeedlestick and sharps injuries among healthcare workers (HCWs) pose significant occupational health problems. We aim to provide incidence and other epidemiological aspects of needlestick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) among HCWs in a tertiary teaching hospital in Indonesia, to inform the evaluation of NSSIs prevention programme.MethodsA cohort study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta. We analysed data of the sharps injury programme at the hospital between January 2014 and December 2017. Incidence of NSSIs was calculated per 1000 person-years (1000-PY).ResultsOver the 4-year period, a total of 286 NSSIs were reported. The mean NSSIs incidence rate for 4 years was 13.3/1000-PY, peaking in 2015 (15.5/1000-PY) then decreasing afterward. Most NSSIs were experienced by nurses (42.7%), but the highest incidence was among midwives (18.9/1000-PY), followed by nurses, medical students and medical doctors (15.2/1000-PY, 12.6/1000-PY and 11.8/1000-PY, respectively). The devices causing the highest proportion of NSSIs were hollow-bore needles (66.8%), followed by suture needles (14.3%) and solid needles (10.8%). 9.4% of NSSIs were related to insulin pen injection. Of all the incidents, 31.3% occurred during surgical procedures, 25.9% during blood collections, 14.3% during administering injection of drugs and 13.3% during waste cleaning.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study showed varied incidences of NSSI among different occupations, with the highest among midwives and nurses. Many unsafe work practices still continue, which is of utmost concern. We suggest opportunities for prevention including training and cultivating safer workplace practices.

PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATION IN THE PERIPHERAL PLASMA OF PREGNANT GOATS

1972 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. IRVING ◽  
D. E. JONES ◽  
A. KNIFTON
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serial Samples ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

SUMMARY Plasma progesterone concentration was measured by a competitive protein-binding method in serial samples of jugular venous blood from 21 pregnant goats, 11 with twin and 10 with single foetuses. Progesterone levels in twin pregnancies were significantly greater than in singletons. The mean progesterone concentration (ng/ml plasma) in the twin pregnancies was greatest during the 3rd month of gestation (10·7 ± 0·4 (s.e.m.)) and in the singletons during the 4th month (7·8 ± 0·2 (s.e.m.)). There was a significant decrease in mean progesterone concentration in the last month of pregnancy due to a steady decline in the last 7 days before parturition. The mean progesterone concentrations at parturition in five twin and eight single pregnancies were 2·2 ± 0·4 and 1·5 ± 0·2 (s.e.m.) ng/ml plasma respectively; there was no significant difference between these values. In cord blood from nine kids immediately after delivery the progesterone concentration was 0·9 ± 0·1 ng/ml.

scholarly journals Case Report: Expanding the Digenic Variants Involved in Thyroid Hormone Synthesis−10 New Cases of Congenital Hypothyroidism and a Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rulai Yang ◽  
Yijun Lu ◽  
Chenxi Yang ◽  
Xiaoyu Wu ◽  
Junqi Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Monogenic Disease ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Pathogenic Genes ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common neonatal metabolic disorder. Although it has been understood to be a monogenic disease, some CH patients are reported to carry two or more variants at different genes. Here, ten permanent congenital hypothyroidism (PCH) patients were retrospectively reviewed, with elevated levels of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and levothyroxine dependence during follow-up between 2015 and 2019. Each affected individual carried digenic variants, which were heterozygous at two of pathogenic genes. In total, five pathogenic genes, TSHR, TG, TPO, DUOX2 and DUOXA2, were simultaneously identified in subjects that were involved in the same metabolic pathway: thyroid hormone biosynthesis. There were digenic variants at TSHR and DUOX2 combined in three patients, DUOX2 and TG combined in two patients, DUOX2 and DUOXA2 combined in two patients, TG and DUOXA2 combined in two patients, and TG and TPO combined in one patient. Additionally, seven novel variants, TSHR c.679G>A, DUOX2 c.127A>T, c.608-619del, c.959T>C, TG c.2307G>A, and c.6759_6765del, and DUOXA2 c.93T>G, were identified in these PCH patients. Along with a literature review on digenic variants in patients with CH, our findings illustrated the complexity of genetic etiology in CH.

Uncommon aetiological agents of catheter-related bloodstream infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. REIGADAS ◽  
M. RODRÍGUEZ-CRÉIXEMS ◽  
C. SÁNCHEZ-CARRILLO ◽  
P. MARTÍN-RABADÁN ◽  
E. BOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Prolonged Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThe clinical and microbiological characteristics of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI) due to uncommon microorganisms was assessed in a retrospective case-control study over a 9-year period in a tertiary teaching hospital. Uncommon microorganisms were defined as those representing <0·5% of all CR-BSI. Diagnosis of CR-BSI required that the same microorganism was grown from at least one peripheral venous blood culture and a catheter tip culture. Thirty-one episodes of CR-BSI were identified due to 13 different genera and these accounted for 2·3% of all CR-BSI in the hospital. Although these infections were not associated with increased mortality, they occurred in patients with more severe underlying conditions who were receiving prolonged antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Cord blood bilirubin level as a predictor of development of pathological hyperbilirubinemia in new-borns

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Pradhan ◽  
Rachna Lamichaney ◽  
Vibhu Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Bilirubin Level ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Born ◽  
The Mean

Background: There may be a delay in recognition of pathological hyperbilirubinemia which may lead to serious consequences in the new born. The purpose of this study was to verify whether the cord bilirubin levels predicted the development of pathological hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: In this hospital based prospective cross-sectional study conducted at Central Referral Hospital, Gangtok from December 2014 to November 2015, 202 live new born meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. After birth, cord blood was collected for the estimation of cord blood bilirubin and the babies were followed up daily for the development of clinical jaundice. Peripheral venous blood was collected for the estimation of serum bilirubin levels in those who developed clinical jaundice.Results: The incidence of pathological hyperbilirubinemia in our study is 12.87%. The mean gestational age is 38.3 weeks. There is a significant association between cord blood total bilirubin levels and the development of pathological hyperbilirubinemia in newborns with a P-value of 0.000. A critical cord bilirubin level ≥ 2.50mg/dl has sensitivity of 84.1%, specificity of 88.5%, positive predictive value of 98% and negative predictive value of 45.1% for predicting the risk of developing pathological jaundice.Conclusions: This study concludes that cord blood total bilirubin levels reliably predict the occurrence of pathological hyperbilirubinemia as defined by current operational guidelines. 

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of umbilical cord blood with peripheral venous blood using hematological scoring system as an early predictive screening method for the detection of early-onset neonatal sepsis in the tertiary care center of Central India

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Sunil Arya ◽  
Gagandeep Shukla ◽  
Prachi Goyal ◽  
Urvashi Channa
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Peripheral Venous Blood ◽  
Sepsis Screen

Background: Sepsis is one of the major causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Early recognition and diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is difficult because of the variable and non-specific clinical presentation of this condition. Hence, there is a need for early predictive screening method for EONS. Aims and Objectives: To compare the umbilical cord blood Haematological Scoring System (HSS) with peripheral venous blood as an early predictive screening method for detection of EONS. Materials and Methods: 100 inborn neonates with two or more risk factors for EONS, chosen by sequential sampling method were included in this prospective analytical study. Blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord and peripheral vein analyzed for hematological parameters, sepsis screen, and peripheral smear for HSS of Rodwell et al., send for blood culture. Blood cultures were performed as gold standard for diagnosing neonatal sepsis and sepsis screen was done to corroborate the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Results: Of 100 neonates, 21 belongs to sepsis; 14 to probable sepsis; 65 to no sepsis. HSS in umbilical cord blood (UCB) had Sensitivity-74.28%, Specificity-92.30%, PPV-83.87%, NPV-86.95% and HSS in PVB had Sensitivity-62.85%, Specificity- 87.69%, PPV-75.86%, NPV-81.69%. Conclusion: HSS score in UCB can be used as a simple, quick, cost-effective, and readily available screening test with decent sensitivity and high specificity, for the detection of EONS.

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