scholarly journals A cross sectional study on assessment of nutritional status and factors affecting anemia in children in tertiary care teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Uma M. Posam ◽  
Thanmai C. Chereddy ◽  
Revanth S. Pirati ◽  
N. V. Rama Rao ◽  
Elizabeth Bandrapalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia ◽  
Group 1

Background: Earlier many studies were conducted to assess the prevalence of anemia in adults, pregnant women, and children under 5 years of age. Despite all the reasons, there is an immense need to assess the nutrition status and prevalence of anemia in a pediatric population. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to assess the nutritional status and prevalence of anemia in the pediatric population of age group 1-12 years.Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 100 with age group 1-12 year, was conducted in Government general hospital, Guntur. The study was carried for a period of 6 months (October to March). Data were collected by using the NACS assessment guide tool for nutritional status and tallquist hemoglobin scale was used to measure hemoglobin.Results: Age group of 1-6 years had 26% severe stunting whereas in the age group lo 7-12 years, 5% of the people had severe stunting. Age group of 1-6 yr and 7-12 years had 16% of severe wasting and 13% of severe wasting respectively. The prevalence of anemia in children had a significant impact with maternal education (p<0.05), socioeconomic status of the family (p<0.05), birth order of the child (p<0.05) and doesn’t have any significant impact with father education (p>0.05), past medical history (p>0.05).Conclusions: From our study, we conclude that moderate anemia was more noticeable than mild and severe anemia in people of rural areas in and around Guntur. Severe stunting and moderate wasting was observed more in the age group of 1-6 years of children in both sexes.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONG CHILDREN IN AGE GROUP OF 1-5 YEARS IN A TRIBAL POPULATION OF COIMBATORE DISTRICT-A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
T. Pravin ◽  
P.K. Govindarajan ◽  
A. John William Felix
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Coimbatore District

Background: Under-five children are more vulnerable to malnutrition especially in rural areas resulting in more morbidity and mortality among them. The present study is aimed to assess the prevalence of malnutrition among children of 1-5 years of age in tribal hamlets of Valparai block, Coimbatore district in Tamil Nadu. Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 children in the age group of 1-5 years during December-January 2020. Anthropometric measurements were taken. The indicators of nutritional status of children like stunting, underweight, and wasting were expressed using WHO growth standards. Results: The overall prevalence of malnutrition in our study was 31.6%. Among the 30 (31.6%) malnourished children, 40% were underweight, and 6.67% were severely underweight. 40% were stunted, of which 13.3% were severely stunted. Wasting was present in 23.3% of malnourished children. Severe wasting was not seen. Socio-demographic factors including the type of house, maternal education, BMI of the mother, age of mother at childbirth and place of delivery had significant association with malnutrition among under-five tribal children. Conclusions: Malnutrition poses a serious threat to under-five children. Though many known risk factors of malnutrition have been studied, understanding the local factors linked with malnutrition is so crucial while planning information, education, and communication programs in this area.

scholarly journals Assessment of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Post-Coronavac Vaccination in the Amazon Region of Brazil

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Carlos David Araújo Bichara ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Gergiane Lopes Vaz ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The present study evaluated the frequency of seropositivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S1 and S2) total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (receptor binding domain-RBD-S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals vaccinated with the immunizing agent Coronavac. This was a cross-sectional study involving 358 individuals divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 205 volunteers who were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies; group 2 consisted of 153 individuals tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. Seropositivity was greater than 70% in both groups, although 17.6% and 20.9% of individuals showed no neutralizing or total antibody reactivity, respectively. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies displayed a significantly different distribution between the sexes but not according to age. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies was 93.3% (95% CI 68.1–99.8) in the age group from 21 to 40 years but significantly decreased with advancing age, and was 76.2% (95% CI 52.8–91.8) for 41 to 60 years, 72.5% (95% CI 62.8–80.9) for 61 to 80 years, and 46.7% (95% CI 21.3–73.4) for >80 years. Our results reveal a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in individuals who received both doses of the Coronavac vaccine, suggesting a lower effectiveness of the humoral immune response among those older than 60 years of age, which might be associated with senescence of the immune system.

Assessment of serum CX3CL1/fractalkine level in Han Chinese girls with anorexia nervosa and its correlation with nutritional status: a preliminary cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengkang Zhang ◽  
Hanfeng Tang ◽  
Cai Gong ◽  
Jiang Liu ◽  
Jindong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persistent Inflammation ◽  
Simple Obesity

The chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1), also named fractalkine (FKN), has been implicated in psychiatric disorders and functions as a novel adipocytokine. However, no attention has been paid to the role of FKN in anorexia nervosa (AN). The current study was performed to explore FKN levels in AN to determine its role in the involvement of AN. A total of 96 girls aged 11–18 years with AN (n=34), healthy controls (HC; n=32) and simple obesity (OB, n=30) were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Blood samples were collected during the fasting state. Serum FKN concentrations were determined using ELISA. The skinfold thickness (TSF) of the biceps and triceps as well as mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) were used to determine the nutritional status. Our results showed that serum FKN levels were significantly lower in the AN group than in the control and OB groups. After adjusting for body mass index (BMI), FKN concentrations in the AN group were statistically higher than in the HC and OB groups. Significant correlations between serum FKN and body weight, BMI, Cole index and serum insulin were observed. In addition, serum FKN levels were positively related to TSF and MAMC in all subjects. Serum FKN concentrations are attenuated in girls with AN compared with healthy adolescents and are positively related to nutritional status. The lower FKN levels may be regulated by nutrition status and response to starvation. After adjusting for BMI, higher FKN levels may reflect that persistent inflammation is present in patients with AN.

scholarly journals Poor Nutritional Status Among Human Filarial Lymphedema Patients in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Ofosu Tenkorang ◽  
Emmanuel Kobla Atsu Amewu ◽  
Samuel Opoku Asiedu ◽  
Priscilla Kini ◽  
Bill Clinton Aglomasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease with several infection phenotypes. In addition to mass drug administration, host immune response contributes to microfilariae clearance. An important influence of immunity, nutritional status, remains to be evaluated among filarial lymphedema patients. This study sought to assess the nutritional status of LF patients and its association with the pathology. Methods As cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the nutrition status of lymphedema patients in Ahanta West, Ghana. To obtain sociodemographic and nutrition data, a structured questionnaire was administered to the study participants. Anthropometry and 24-hour food recall were used to assess the nutritional status of participants. Results While all and 71 (82.6%) had adequate carbohydrate and protein intakes respectively, 83 (96.5%) had inadequate intake of fat. There were widespread inadequate nutrients intakes that were associated with stage of lymphedema: fat, r = -0.267, p = .024; carbohydrate, r = 0.305, p = .010; sodium, r = -0.259, p = .029; copper, r = -0.249, p = .036; selenium, r = -0.265, p = .025; pantothenic acid, r = -0.265, p = .025; vitamin B6, r = -0.270, p = .023; vitamin B12, r = -0.288, p = .015; and vitamin A, r = -0.276, p = .020. Conclusion The study shows widespread malnutrition among the participants. A nutritional intervention is recommended to complement current management strategies of filarial lymphedema.

scholarly journals Burden of moderate to severe anaemia and severe stunting in children ≤ 3 years in conflict hit Mount Cameroon: a community based descriptive cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Ule Sumbele
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Mount Cameroon

Abstract Background: Armed conflict is a significant social determinant of child health with nuanced effects. There is a dearth of knowledge on the public health issues facing vulnerable populations in conflict-stricken areas. The objective was to determine the prevalence and determinants of moderate to severe anaemia (MdSA) and severe stunting (SS) in children ≤3 years in conflict hit Dibanda, Ekona and Muea in the Mount Cameroon area.Methods: Haematological parameters were obtained using an automated haematology analyser while, undernutrition indices standard deviation (SD) scores (Z scores) were computed based on the WHO growth reference curves for 649 children in a community based cross-sectional study in 2018. Binomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate the determinants of MdSA and SS against a set of predictor variables.Results: Anaemia was prevalent in 84.0% (545) of the children with a majority having microcytic anaemia (59.3%). The prevalence of MdSA was 56.1% (364). Educational level of parents/caregiver (P < 0.001) and site (P = 0.043) had a significant negative effect on the occurrence of MdSA. Stunting, underweight and wasting occurred in 31.3%, 13.1% and 6.3% of the children respectively. Overall, SS was prevalent in 17.1% (111) of the children. The age group (0.1–1.0 year, P = 0.042 and 1.1–2.0 years, P = 0.008), educational level (No formal education, P < 0.001 and primary education P = 0.028) and SS (P = 0.035) were significant determinants of MdSA while MdSA (P = 0.035) was the only significant determinant of SS. On the contrary, age group 0.1-1 year (OR = 0.56, P = 0.043) and site (Dibanda, OR = 0.29, P = 0.001) demonstrated a significant protective effect against SS.Conclusions: Moderate to severe anaemia, severe stunting and wasting especially in children not breastfed at all are public health challenges in the conflict hit area. There is a need for targeted intervention to control anaemia as well as increase awareness of exclusive breast feeding in conflict hit areas to limit the burden of wasting and stunting.

scholarly journals Anemia among women of reproductive age: a cross sectional study in Sub district hospital, Akhnoor

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2662
Author(s):  
Chandan Sharma ◽  
Ashima Badyal
Keyword(s):  
District Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Reproductive Age Group ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Anemia in pregnancy can increase the risk of having a pre-term delivery/babies, which may further lead to low birth weight and sometimes death. Anemia is more prevalent in Asia, with half of the all-anemic women living in Indian subcontinent itself. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of anemia among women in the reproductive age group (15-49) in a rural population set up of Akhnoor.Methods: A population based cross-sectional study was conducted in Sub district hospital, Akhnoor, Jammu, J and K, India, over a period of 6 months from September 2020 to February 2021, on a total of 320 women in the reproductive age group of 15 to 49 years.Results: A total prevalence of 59.06% was found with highest among pregnant females. Out of this total anemic patient 59.78% (113/189) were mild anemic, and 40.22% (76/189) were either moderately anemic or severe. High prevalence of anemia was seen among illiterate women (68.89%). Prevalence was also significantly associated to excessive/ scanty menstruation. Besides, menstrual cycle more than 35 days and less than 21 days were found to be at higher risk of anemia (60.53% and 83.33%). Underweight women were also found at higher risk of anemia (69.52%). Only 88 out of 320 women studied had completed the course of IFA tablets.Conclusions: Several socio-demographic, menstrual, dietary, environmental, and behavioral factors were associated with anemia. Women of reproductive age should be motivated to include food fortification or iron supplementations in their diet.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding and Its Effect on Weight Gain, Nutritional Status, and Illness Incidence among Infants Aged 1 – 5 Months

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Irpan Priyasna ◽  
Lintang Purwara Dewanti ◽  
Yulia Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Intake ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition

Background: The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among infants aged 0-6 months in 2014 was 52.3%, then the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among infants aged 0-6 months in DKI Jakarta in 2014 was 67.1%. The low level of exclusive breastfeeding has an effect on the inadequate nutrition intake for infants that can cause growth and development disorder. This study was conducted to determine the association between breastfeeding with weight gain, nutritional status and illness incidence among infants aged 1-5 months in Grogol, West Jakarta. Methods: It was cross sectional study design, the population in this study were 96 infants aged 1-5 months recorded in all Posyandu in the area of ​​Grogol, West Jakarta. The sample in this study were 47 infants selected by purposive sampling. Data were analyzed with chi-square and fisher exact tests. Results: The results showed that there were no association between breastfeeding with weight gain (p = 0.989), nutrition status based on weight/age (p=1.000), length/age (p=0.237), and weight/length (p=0.352). There was association between breastfeeding with illness incidence (p<0.01). Conclusion: There is significant association between breastfeeding with illness incidence among infant aged 1 – 5 months.

A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ELDERLY POPULATION IN A RURALAREA OF WEST BENGAL USING MNA SCREENING TOOL.

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Nirmalya Manna ◽  
Saikat Bhattacharya ◽  
Rahul Biswas ◽  
Soumitra Mondal ◽  
V. Abinesh
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Permanent Resident ◽  
Baseline Information

Malnutrition, or under nutrition, is a frequent and often unrecognized problem in older adults. It can result in immune dysfunction; poor wound healing, anaemia, longer hospitalization and higher readmission rates, delayed recovery from surgery and a higher rate of mortality. Current statistics for the elderly in India gives a prelude to a new set of medical, social, and economic problems that could arise if a timely initiative in this direction is not taken by the program managers and policy makers. A community based observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the elderly people residing at Banspole sub-centre area to nd out their nutritional status. Geriatric people who were the permanent resident of the study area for at least six months were included in the study. A proforma was used to collect the baseline information of the study subjects and details of factors inuencing nutrition status. Mini nutritional assessment (MNA) tool was used to assess nutritional status of 2 elderly. 300 elderly patients were included in this study with an average age of 77.29 ± 6.97 years and BMI of 23.67 ± 3.49 kg/m . Age, literacy and nancial status were found to be signicantly associated with malnutrition. Geriatric nutritional assessment should be integrated into a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Regular assessment of the nutritional status among elderly followed by early interventions will improve the health outcomes, prevents the onset of disability, improves quality of life and saves healthcare costs.

Suicidal Death Autopsy Analysis at Dhaka Medical College

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hossain ◽  
Z Rahman ◽  
S Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Autopsy Report ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Suicidal Death

A cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Forensic Medicine in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected from 3rd copy of the post mortem reports which were preserved in the department of Forensic Medicine with the verbal consent of the doctors who performed autopsy report. During this period total 5114 autopsies were conducted. Out of this 970 cases (19%) were suicidal in nature. It was noticed that all suicidal deaths occurred from 10 years to all age group respectively, but top amongst age group of suicidal deaths occurred in between 21 to 30 years of people. Suicidal deaths are more common in female than male. Suicidal deaths due to hanging is highest, next common causes of death due to organophosphorus compund poisoning. Suicidal deaths by hanging is more in female than male but in poisoning cases male are more lvictimised than female. Objectives of our study are to see the occurrence and methods of suicidal death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9957 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 18-21

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