scholarly journals Association of diabetic nephropathy with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charu Mohan ◽  
J. Muthukrishnan ◽  
Saurabh Mishra ◽  
Bindu T. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: Microvascular complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), (retinopathy and nephropathy) have a similar etiopathogenetic mechanism besides genetic predisposition. Even though these two complications frequently co-exist, their frequency varies. The association of these two significant complications and their co-existence needs a relook.Methods: Four hundred patients suffering from type 2 DM visiting a tertiary care hospital in Western India were included in this cross-sectional study. Of these, 200 patients were of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) and 200 were without DN. The presence of albuminuria (urine albumin-creatinine ratio) was used to detect diabetic nephropathy. Fundoscopy was performed in all patients to look for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR).Results: In this study, 77.5% patients with DN had retinopathy, while in patients without DN, only 52% patients had retinopathy. This was a statistically significant finding. (p value <0.001). The distribution of types of retinopathy in patients with DN was 63.0% Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR), 12.5% Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) and 2% Clinically Significant Macular Edema (CSME). While in those without DN, 50.5% had NPDR, 1.5% had PDR and none had macular edema.Conclusions: Microalbuminuria, which has been used so far to diagnose DN, may be considered as a reliable predicter of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This simple marker can help screen all patients with Diabetes for nephropathy and retinopathy both and should take place at the first visit/ contact of the healthcare personnel. This can help prevent microvascular complications early and help in goal directed therapy.

STUDY OF PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF NEPHROPATHY AND RETINOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER, UDAIPUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Yash Salil Patel
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Microvascular complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), (retinopathy and nephropathy) have a similar etiopathogenetic mechanism besides genetic predisposition. Even though these two complications frequently co-exist, their frequency varies. The association of these two signicant complications and their coexistence needs a relook. To study prevalence of retinopathy and nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes mel Aim: litus. Comparison of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy with duration of illness and various risk factors that affects development, progression and severity of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. 100 diabetic patients were taken up for study for a period of one year meeti Methodology: ng the criteria for the present study. Detailed history was taken from patient and meticulous examination was done of all patients with special emphasis on renal and ophthalmic symptoms. Clinical data and investigation prole was tabulated. Statistical analysis was done. Among 100 patients, 22 had diabetic retinopathy. Among patients with diab Results & Conclusion: etic retinopathy, 68.18% patients had positive family history. Among 100 patients, 32 had diabetic nephropathy, mean FBS was 207 mg%, PPBS was 317.8 mg% and mean HbA was 9.2%. Among patients with diabetic retinopathy, mean FBS was 211 mg%, PPBS was 324.9 1c mg%, HbA was 9.5%. From this study it is found that diabetic nephropathy starts earlier than retinopathy. In this study 1c hypertension was found to accelerate progression into nephropathy and retinopathy.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN SOUTHERN INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Satish Nayak ◽  
Karthik Rao ◽  
Navin Patil ◽  
Jayaprakash B ◽  
Amita Priya D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type 2 Dm

  Objectives: In India, 69.1 million are diabetics as of 2015 compared to 18 million in 1995. Pan India prevalence study in diabetics carried out at 194 centers by All India Ophthalmological Society reported the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among diabetics as 21.8%. DR is of two types, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The severity of NPDR depends on microaneurysms, hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and beading of veins and can progress to PDR. Inherit characteristic of PDR is neovascularization. The aim of this observational prevalence study is to study the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 diabetic patients attending diabetic clinic and to study the distribution of diabetic retinopathy with respect to age, sex, and duration of disease in a tertiary care hospital in southern India.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study. Age above 20 years and patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and examined by the ophthalmologist were included and others excluded. Data documented were analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 16.Results: About 52.07% of patients with Type 2 DM for more than 10 years had diabetic retinopathy and 13.07 % of patients with Type 2 DM for more than 5 years have diabetic retinopathy.Conclusion: India being the diabetic capital of the world and DR being the most common cause for visual impairment and blindness and it becomes empirical to assess the factors for its rising prevalence, which will significantly contribute in reducing the progression of DR.

Microvascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Faselis ◽  
Alexandra Katsimardou ◽  
Konstantinos Imprialos ◽  
Pavlos Deligkaris ◽  
Manolis Kallistratos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, non communicable, multisystem disease that has reached epidemic proportions. Chronic exposure to hyperglycaemia affects the microvasculature, eventually leading to diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy with high impact on the quality of life and overall life expectancy. Sexual dysfunction is an often-overlooked microvascular complication of T2DM, with a complex pathogenesis originating from endothelial dysfunction. Objective: The purpose of this review is to present current definitions, epidemiological data and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and sexual dysfunction. We also describe the clinical and laboratory evaluation that is mandatory for the diagnosis of these conditions. Method: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify data from clinical studies for the prevalence, risk factors and diagnostic methods of microvascular complications of T2DM. Results: Diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy affect approximately 25% of patients with T2DM; diabetic neuropathy is encountered in almost 50% of the diabetic population, while the prevalence of erectile dysfunction ranges from 35-90% in diabetic men. The duration of T2DM along with glycemic, blood pressure and lipid control are common risk factors for the development of these complications. Criteria for the diagnosis of these conditions are well established, but exclusion of other causes is mandatory. Conclusion: Early detection of microvascular complications associated with T2DM is important, as early intervention leads to better outcomes. However, this requires awareness of their definition, prevalence and diagnostic modalities.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in North-East Poland

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Wojciech Matuszewski ◽  
Angelika Baranowska-Jurkun ◽  
Magdalena M. Stefanowicz-Rutkowska ◽  
Robert Modzelewski ◽  
Janusz Pieczyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
North East ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Objectives: The global epidemic of diabetes, especially type 2 (DM2), is related to lifestyle changes, obesity, and the process of population aging. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most serious complication of the eye caused by diabetes. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in north-east Poland. Materials and Methods: The eye fundus was assessed on the basis of two-field 50 degrees color fundus photographs that showed the optic nerve and macula in the center after the pupil was dilated with 1% tropicamide. Results: The experimental group included 315 (26%) patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and 894 (74%) patients with DM2. DM1 patients were diagnosed with DR in 32.58% of cases, with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) in 24.44% of cases, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in 1.59% of cases, diabetic macular edema (DME) in 5.40% of cases, and PDR with DME in 0.95% of cases. DR was found in DM2 patients in 23.04% of cases, NPDR in 17.11% of cases, PDR in 1.01% of cases, DME in 4.81% of cases, and PDR with DME in 0.11% of cases. Conclusions: The presented study is the first Polish study on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy presenting a large group of patients, and its results could be extrapolated to the whole country. Diabetic retinopathy was found in 25.48% of patients in the whole experimental group. The above results place Poland within the European average, indicating the quality of diabetic care offered in Poland, based on the number of observed complications.

scholarly journals Association of 2184AG Polymorphism in the RAGE Gene with Diabetic Nephropathy in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Cai ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Ji-Xiong Xu ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Diabetic Microvascular Complications

Objective. The interaction between advanced glycation end products and their cellular receptor (RAGE) has an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the 2184A/G polymorphism in the RAGE gene and diabetic nephropathy in Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods. A total of 868 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (486 without and 382 with diabetic nephropathy) were enrolled in this study. The genotype and allele frequencies of the 2184A/G polymorphism were detected using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism method. Results. The G allele and AG + GG genotype frequencies in patients with diabetic nephropathy were significantly lower than those in patients without diabetic nephropathy (P=0.001 and P=0.005, resp.). After adjustments for possible confounders, multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the 2184A/G polymorphism was independently associated with diabetic nephropathy (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22–0.92, P=0.028). Conclusions. Our study indicated that the 2184A/G polymorphism in the RAGE gene was significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy in Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Associations of serum uric acid level with diabetic retinopathy and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052096398
Author(s):  
Lin Hou ◽  
Yingzhou Shi ◽  
Sichao Wang ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Qiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Objectives To analyze the associations of serum uric acid (SUA) level with diabetic microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods Three hundred eighty-nine inpatients with type 2 DM were included in this retrospective analysis. Nonmydriatic fundus cameras were used to identify DR. Urinary albumin creatinine ratio was used to identify DN. Patients were divided into four groups according to SUA quartiles. Results The prevalences of DR and albuminuria increased with increasing SUA level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, following adjustment for other risk factors, higher levels of SUA (Q3 and Q4) were associated with greater risk for DR, compared with the lower level (Q1) (odds ratio [OR]: 3.056, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.506–6.198; OR: 3.417, 95% CI: 1.635–7.139, respectively). Moreover, higher levels of SUA (Q2, Q3, and Q4) were associated with greater risk for albuminuria (OR: 2.418, 95% CI: 1.059–5.522; OR: 7.233, 95% CI: 3.145–16.635; and OR: 8.911, 95% CI: 3.755–21.147, respectively). Conclusions SUA level was independently associated with DR and albuminuria in patients with type 2 DM. Elevated SUA level might be predictive for the occurrence of DR and DN.

scholarly journals Hypovitaminosis D in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Relation to Disease Control and Complications

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Ahmadieh ◽  
Sami T. Azar ◽  
Najla Lakkis ◽  
Asma Arabi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Microvascular Complications

Aims. This study aims at assessing the relationship between 25 (OH) vitamin D (25-OHD) levels and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Methods. 136 patients (59 ± 11 years) with DM2 (disease duration 8.6 ± 7 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric data, HbA1c, 25-OHD levels, serum creatinine, and urine microalbumin/creatinine ratio were collected. Dilated retinal exam was performed, and diabetic neuropathy was assessed using the United Kingdom Screening Score. Results. Serum 25-OHD correlated negatively with HbA1c (r=-0.20,  P=0.049). Mean 25-OHD levels were lower in subjects with diabetic retinopathy compared to those without retinopathy (12.3 ± 5.5 versus 21.8 ± 13.7, P<0.001) and lower in subjects with diabetic neuropathy compared to those without neuropathy (16.4 ± 10.4 versus 23.5 ± 14.5, P=0.004). After adjustment for BMI, diabetes duration, and smoking, 25-OHD was an independent predictor of HbA1c (β  −0.14; P=0.03). After adjustment for HbA1c, age, smoking, BMI and disease duration, 25-OHD were independent predictors for diabetic retinopathy: OR 2.8 [95% CI 2.1–8.0] and neuropathy: OR 4.5 [95% CI 1.6–12] for vitamin D < 20 versus vitamin D ≥ 20 ng/mL. Conclusion. Low serum 25-OHD level was an independent predictor of HbA1c, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy in patients with DM2.

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