scholarly journals Computed tomography manifestation of novel corona virus pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Gursimran Singh Nayyar ◽  
Ashish Behera ◽  
Tejinder Pal Singh Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Virus Pneumonia ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Acid Test

Since December 2019, the outbreak of the novel corona virus has impacted nearly >60 million peoples in more than 150 countries. In this case report, we aim to define the chest computed tomography findings of 2019-novel corona virus associated with pneumonia. A 47-year-old female patient, who is known case of hypertension and diabetes, presented with chief complaints of fever and shortness of breath since, two days. Chest computed tomography was performed and showed bilateral multifocal ground glass opacities with consolidation which suggested viral pneumonia as a differential diagnosis, and subsequent 2019-novel corona virus pneumonia nucleic acid test was positive.

scholarly journals Role of novel deep-learning-based CT used in management and discharge of COVID-19 patients at a “square cabin” hospital in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingcheng Meng ◽  
Wentao Liu ◽  
Xinmin Dou ◽  
Jiaqi Zhang ◽  
Anlan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Nucleic Acid Test ◽  
Acid Test

Abstract Background: The chest computed tomography (CT) had been used to define the diagnostic and discharge criteria for COVID-19. However, it is difficult to determine the suitability for discharge of a patient with COVID-19 based on CT features in a clinical setting. Deep learning (DL) technology has demonstrated great success in the medical imaging.Purpose: This study applied the novel deep learning (DL) on chest computed tomography (CT) of COVID-19 patients with consecutive negative respiratory pathogen nucleic acid test results at a “square cabin” hospital in Wuhan, China, with the intent to standardize criteria for discharge.Methods: The study included 270 patients (102men, 168 women; mean age, 51.9 ± 15.6[18–65] years) who had two consecutive negative respiratory pathogen tests (sampling interval: ≥1 day) and underwent low-dose CT 1 day after the first negative test, with strict adherence to epidemic prevention standards. The chest CT of COVID-19 patients with negative nucleic acid tests were evalued by DL, and the standard for discharge was a total volume ratio of lesions to lung of less than 50% determined by DL.Results: The average intersection over union is 0.7894. Fifty-seven (21.1%) and 213 (78.9%) patients exhibited normal lung findings and pneumonia, respectively. 54.0% (115/213) involved mild interstitial fibrosis. 18.8% (40/213) had total volume ratio of lesions to lung of more than and equal to 50% according to our severity scale and were monitored continuously in hospital, and three cases of which had a positive follow-up nucleic acid test during hospital observation. None of the 230 discharged cases later tested positive or exhibited pneumonia progression. Conclusions: The novel DL enables the accurate management of COVID-19 patients and can help avoid cluster transmission or exacerbation due to patients with false negitive acid test.

scholarly journals Findings of Fahr’s Syndrome in A Patient Suspected With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Gilbert Sterling Octavius ◽  
Theo Audi Yanto ◽  
Nicholas Gabriel H.R. ◽  
Eka Julianta Wahjoepramono ◽  
Harsan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Fahr’S Syndrome ◽  
Chief Complaints

ABSTRACT Fahr’s syndrome is an entity where there is symmetrical bilateral calcification of basal ganglia with parkinsonian and psychiatric symptoms. However, due to its rarity, clinicians tend not to include Fahr’s syndrome in their differential diagnosis. This article aims to raise awareness about the diagnosis of Fahr’s Syndrome through its unique presentation in this patient. Data was obtained primarily and secondarily. In this case, a 32 years old male was referred to our clinic with chief complaints of headache since a week prior and a seizure 5 days ago. A head CT and a CT angiography (CTA) of the circulus willisi were done and a bilateral and symmetrical calcification of the corona radiata, basal ganglia, thalamus, and nucleus dentatus were found. There is also hypocalcemia and low Parathyroid Hormone (PTH). Fahr’s Syndrome may manifest unusually and hence clinicians have to be aware of diagnosing this entity. Keywords: Fahr’s Disease, Fahr’s Syndrome   ABSTRAK Sindroma Fahr’s merupakan sebuah penyakit yang ditandai dengan kalsifikasi bilateral sietris dari basal ganglia dengan gejala psikatri dan parkinsonisme. Namun, akibat jarangnya ditemukan penyakit ini, klinisi cenderung tidak memikirkan sindroma Fahr’s sebagai salah satu diagnosis banding. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kewaspadaan terhadap diagnosis Sindroma Fahr’s melalui presentasi unik pada pasien ini. Data diambil secara primer dan sekunder. Pada kasus ini, seorang laki-laki berusia 32 tahun dirujuk dengan keluhan utama sakit kepala sejak satu minggu dan kejang 5 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Computed Tomography (CT) scan kepala dan Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) dari sirkulus willisi dilakukan dan ditemukan adanya kalsifikasi bilateral simetris pada korona radiata, basal ganglia, talamus dan nukleus dentatus. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium ditemukan adanya hipokalsemia dan hormon paratiroid (PTH) yang rendah. Sindroma Fahr’s dapat datang dengan presentasi yang tidak khas sehingga para klinisi harus lebih tajam dalam mendiagnosis kasus ini. Kata kunci: Penyakit Fahr’s, Sindroma Fahr’s

scholarly journals Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: An unusual age of diagnosis with literature review

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaoui Lamrani Youssef ◽  
Badr Alami ◽  
Ferdaous Sahnoun ◽  
Meriem Boubbou ◽  
Imane Kamaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Progressive Dyspnea ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare idiopathic disorder of unclear origin, which almost exclusively occurs to women before menopause. It is characterized by nonneoplastic diffuse proliferation of atypical immature smooth muscle cells around small airways and vessels. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman kept for chronic progressive dyspnea related to a diffuse LAM.The discussion includes a literature review that describes the physiopathology, clinical features, chest computed tomography aspects, and differential diagnosis regarding this rare disease.Through this case report, pulmonary LAM should be included in the list of differential diagnoses for cases of pulmonary cystic lesions, even in postmenopausal women. 

Subglottic tracheal stenosis complicating pregnancy: A case report

2021 ◽  
pp. 1753495X2199022
Author(s):  
Edward J Miller ◽  
Emily YS Huning
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Tracheal Stenosis ◽  
Multidisciplinary Management ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Uncommon Case ◽  
In Pregnancy

The case presented details an uncommon case of subglottic tracheal stenosis exacerbated by pregnancy. We outine the multidisciplinary management involved and the outcomes for the pregnancy. The case serves as a reminder that shortness of breath in pregnancy has a broad differential diagnosis, and stridor is always abnormal.

scholarly journals Uncommon cause of respiratory failure due to a bezoar in the hypopharynx: a case report

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Hasan Adeli ◽  
Malihe Sehat ◽  
Gholamreza Azarnia Samarin ◽  
Jamshid Vafaeimanesh ◽  
Sajjad Ahmadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Magill Forceps ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Pulmonary Ct

Abstract Background Trichotillomania and trichophagia cause trichobezoars, which are masses made of hair. The main presentation of this condition is abdominal pain. However, other complications include gastric outlet obstruction, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, malnutrition, hematemesis, diarrhea, and constipation. Case presentation A 57-year-old woman with trichotillomania was admitted to the Emergency Department with the chief complaints of dyspnea on exertion, shortness of breath, dysphagia, generalized weakness, and hoarseness. Spiral chest computed tomography (CT) scan did not reveal any parenchymal lesions Pulmonary CT angiography did not reveal pulmonary embolism. The patient was admitted to the Surgery Department for hand fasciotomy due to contrast leakage, and during laryngoscopy, a trichobezoar was detected that was removed with Magill forceps. Conclusions Rare cases of trichobezoars can be observed in humans with gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms. Precise and timely diagnosis are key for the prevention of more invasive diagnostic procedures.

scholarly journals The clicking chest: what exactly did Hamman hear? A case report of a left-sided pneumothorax

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Jimidar ◽  
Patrick Lauwers ◽  
Emmanuela Govaerts ◽  
Marc Claeys
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Left Chest ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Tomography Scan

Abstract Background Hamman’s sign is a rare phenomenon. Louis Hamman described this pathognomonic clicking chest noise in association with pneumomediastinum in 1937. This typical noise can also be present in left-sided pneumothorax. Clinical cases already mention this pericardial knock in 1918 in gunshot wounds of the left chest and in 1928 in cases of spontaneous left-sided pneumothorax. However, the sound itself has only rarely been recorded. Case summary We describe a case of a young man with no significant medical history who was referred to the hospital with chest pain and audible clicks, documented with his smartphone. Imaging studies including chest radiograph and computed tomography scan revealed a left-sided pneumothorax. The patient underwent semi-urgent insertion of a thorax drain. His clinical outcome was excellent. Discussion In recent years only a few case reports describe Hamman’s sign, as it is rare and happens only transiently. This case report includes the audible clicks recorded by the patient with his smartphone. We stress the importance of thoracic clicking sounds as key symptom in the differential diagnosis of left-sided pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and valvular pathology such as mitral valve prolapse.

scholarly journals Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis: A case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia O. Correia ◽  
Daniel Pereira ◽  
José Miguel Maia ◽  
Ana Sofia Cipriano ◽  
Maria Manuela França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Persistent Cough ◽  
Tomography Scan

We report a case of a 22-year-old man with persistent cough and sarcoidosis-like changes in computed tomography scan. An extensive differential diagnosis is discussed and its evolution and treatment is presented.

scholarly journals Endotracheal Metastasis Causing Airway Obstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-98
Author(s):  
Yudai Yano ◽  
Takashi Fujiwara ◽  
Masanobu Mizuta
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Important Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Emergency Tracheostomy ◽  
Rare Lesion

Endotracheal metastasis, a critical complication of primary lung cancer, is an extremely rare lesion. A 73-year-old woman who had previously received treatment for lung cancer presented to our emergency department with dyspnea. A chest computed tomography and nasopharyngolaryngoscopy showed an endotracheal mass below the epiglottis, obstructing the trachea almost completely. The patient had an emergency tracheostomy, and then the mass was removed via median laryngotomy. This lesion was proven to be a recurrent metastasis of lung cancer. Clinicians should recognize endotracheal metastasis as an important differential diagnosis in cancer patients presenting with respiratory symptoms.

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