scholarly journals An epidemiological cross-sectional study to assess the socio-demographic profile and to study the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in an urban slum of Mumbai

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2718
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Saji ◽  
Mahesh B. Jajulwar ◽  
Anita G. Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Economic Class

Background: Obesity is perhaps the most prevalent form of malnutrition. As a chronic disease, prevalent in both developed and developing countries, and affecting both children and adults. In India due urbanization and modernization people are moving into urban centres and along with increasing wealth, concerns about an obesity epidemic in India are growing. The present study was carried out to assess the demographic distribution and prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults in an urban slum. Methods: The cross sectional study includes 350 adult populations from the Shivaji Nagar (Govandi) urban slum of the Mumbai city in India and study was carried out over a period of one year from August 2014 to July 2015. Results: Our study showed that most of subjects are in the age group of 38-57. Sex distribution was relatively equal with 44% males and 56% females. Majority of the population were Muslims. Majority of the subjects (50.6%) belong to class III, (26.9%). 32.3% subjects were obese and 8.6% were overweight according to BMI (basal metabolic index) while merely 6.6% were overweight according to WHR (waist to hip ratio). Thus BMI was found to be a better indicator than WHR for measuring obesity. Conclusions: From the present study it was seen that age group of the subjects, socio economic class, and level of education had a significant relationship with BMI, whereas sex of the subjects had non-significant relationship with BMI. 

scholarly journals To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of people regarding overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh B. Jajulwar ◽  
Pawan V. Meshram ◽  
Daniel A. Saji
Keyword(s):  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Prevention and management of obesity is largely depends on motivation and education of people about obesity, in turn this can be greatly facilitated by adequate baseline data on the knowledge, attitude and practise (KAP) of people. The aim of this study was to assess the KAP on obesity among obese people of an urban slum of Mumbai. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected sample from Shivaji Nagar urban slum area of Mumbai. Structured questionnaire were used to test their knowledge, attitude and practises regarding obesity. Results: 350 adults of age more than 18 years were analysed. 56% were male and 81.1% were of Muslim community. Prevalence of obesity and overweight was found to be 8.6% and 32.3% respectively as per body mass index (BMI). 42.0% subject’s thought that they are slim, 43.4% thought that they are fit and only 14.6% subjects considered hat they have weight more than normal. Only 46.9% said that they are frequently teased about their weight or physical appearance and only 28.6% said that teasing affected them mentally. 70.9% subjects know that there are health consequences of being obese and only 7.7% have made any effort to reduce weight. 88.3% subjects think diet control and 79.3% think exercise and 11.7% consider medication as a treatment modality for obesity. Conclusions: There appears to be lack of knowledge about obesity and its effects on health, as well as the methods for reducing weight. An IEC program can be developed in this context. 

scholarly journals Socio-demographic distribution of hypertension and its risk factors among urban slum adults of Tirupati: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Sankar Deekala ◽  
Ravi Prabhu G. ◽  
Altaf Hussain R. ◽  
Saritha Kadari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Distribution ◽  
Urban People

Background: Some of the community surveys have documented that between three and six decades, prevalence of hypertension has increased by about 30 times in urban people and by about 10 times among the rural area people. Urban population of developing countries is showing similar prevalence to that of developed countries. Treating hypertension has been associated with 15% reduction in incidence of myocardial infarction and 40% reduction of stroke. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among adults aged between 30-50 years in selected urban slum areas of Tirupati and to know the associated important risk factors with hypertension in the study subjects.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in urban slum community of Tirupati, to estimate the prevalence and its risk factors of Hypertension by using the JNC VII criteria. This study was conducted during January 2012 to February 2013, among 2136 subjects of 30-50 years age group. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was found 481 (22.5%), majority of them belongs to the age group of 45-50 years 212 (44.0%) and lowest in 30-35 years 45 (9.3%). Hypertension was predominant in males 186 (30.1%) than females 295 (19.4%). Conclusions: This study found that there is increasing trend of prevalence of hypertension in the urban community. This study suggests to health planners to take remedial measures to address growing hypertension in the community through health education about lifestyle changes, dietary modification, and avoidance of stress. 

scholarly journals Awareness of the patterns of delivery in urban slums of Ahmedabad city

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Shailee Girish Patel ◽  
Rajkumar Pareshbhai Patel ◽  
Niral Rajnibhai Patel ◽  
Khush Patel
Keyword(s):  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Female Reproductive Health ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries

Background: The field of medicine has changed over the years owing to the constant scientific advances and research. From a time when spontaneous vaginal delivery used to be the norm, to now, where the rates of Caesarean deliveries seemed to be increasing, obstetric care has evolved considerable. Several healthcare initiatives and schemes have been framed for the betterment of the female reproductive health in recent times. It is important to understand both medical as well socio-cultural factors that have caused this increase in the caesarean births. This study was conducted keeping in mind this trend and to find out the level of awareness regarding patterns of deliveries that factors into this trend.Methods: Cross – sectional study was done in women residing in an urban slum of Ahmedabad in February 2014. 68 consenting female were randomly selected for the study from the slum of ‘Madi no Kuvo’.Results: Majority of females (69%) were from age group 20-30 years. With a total number of 123 deliveries counted within the 68 female interviewed 67% were normal vaginal deliveries. 63% of surveyed women had deliveries at government hospital as civil hospital is nearby localities surveyed and cost incurrence was there in about half of deliveries while 27 % deliveries occurred at private hospitals.Conclusions: Majority of women would prefer to have normal delivery whenever it is possible. Majority of people were unaware about different government schemes to help females during pregnancy. 

scholarly journals An epidemiological cross sectional study to assess the socio demographic profile of rag pickers in an urban slum

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3174
Author(s):  
Mahesh B. Jajulwar ◽  
Daniel A. Saji ◽  
Sudam R. Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
Waste Pickers

Background: Most studies report that waste pickers constitute disadvantaged and vulnerable segments of the population. Third World waste pickers face multiple hazards and problems. Due to their daily contact with garbage, waste pickers are usually associated with dirt, disease, squalor, and perceived as a nuisance, a symbol of backwardness, and even as criminals. They survive in a hostile physical and social environment. Sometimes scavengers face extreme animosity and violence. The present study was carried out to assess the demographic distribution and assess health profile and health status of rag pickers in an urban slum.Methods: The cross-sectional study includes 240 adult population from the urban slum of one of the metropolitan city in India and study was carried out over a period of one year from January 2014 to December 2014. Results: It was seen that out of 240 people interviewed for the study majority were females (60%) and the rest were males. The majority of the subjects were illiterate (83.7%) and a majority of them were Buddhists (58%) by religion. Most of them belonged to the lowest socio-economic class (85.2%). Most of them complained of the following problems like inadequate sanitation, addictions of smoking (100%), alcohol intoxication (69%). Conclusions: From the following study it was seen that the majority of the rag pickers were illiterate, malnourished, most of them worked in this occupation only for monetary basis, lived in conditions of bad sanitation, and had many requirements from the government like good sanitation and rehabilitation to other jobs. Background: Most studies report that waste pickers constitute disadvantaged and vulnerable segments of the population. Third World waste pickers face multiple hazards and problems. Due to their daily contact with garbage, waste pickers are usually associated with dirt, disease, squalor, and perceived as a nuisance, a symbol of backwardness, and even as criminals. They survive in a hostile physical and social environment. Sometimes scavengers face extreme animosity and violence. The present study was carried out to assess the demographic distribution and assess health profile and health status of rag pickers in an urban slum.Methods: The cross-sectional study includes 240 adult population from the urban slum of one of the metropolitan city in India and study was carried out over a period of one year from January 2014 to December 2014. Results: It was seen that out of 240 people interviewed for the study majority were females (60%) and the rest were males. The majority of the subjects were illiterate (83.7%) and a majority of them were Buddhists (58%) by religion. Most of them belonged to the lowest socio-economic class (85.2%). Most of them complained of the following problems like inadequate sanitation, addictions of smoking (100%), alcohol intoxication (69%). Conclusions: From the following study it was seen that the majority of the rag pickers were illiterate, malnourished, most of them worked in this occupation only for monetary basis, lived in conditions of bad sanitation, and had many requirements from the government like good sanitation and rehabilitation to other jobs. 

scholarly journals A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FOR MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM ANTIBODIES IN NON-VACCINATED COMMERCIAL LAYER BIRDS IN KHULNA DISTRICT

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Jalil ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sera Samples

A cross-sectional study was carried out on 96 commercial layer farms of six upazilas of Khulna district to know the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection during the period from August 2009 to July 2010. A total of 1268 sera samples were collected from randomly selected layer birds of different age groups and tested by serum plate agglutination (SPA) test by using commercial MG antigen (Nobilis® MG, Intervet International) to detect the presence of antibodies against MG. The overall prevalence of MG infection was recorded as 67.4%. Age-wise analysis revealed that there was significant relationship (p<0.001) between MG infection and age of birds. The highest prevalence of MG infection was 71.2% in 21-56 weeks age group followed by 66.8% in 8-20 weeks age group. There was significant (p<0.001) variation in the seroprevalence in terms of areas of study (upazilas). Significant (p<0.001) effect of seasons in the seroprevalence of MG infection in layer birds was observed in the present study. The prevalence of MG infection was the highest (75.6%) in winter season followed by summer (66.3%) and rainy (60.8%) seasons. The seroprevalence of MG infection was higher in most of the large flocks and lower in small flocks with some exceptions. It is evident from the present study that above 50% layer birds are infected with MG organism. Therefore, it may be suggested that the layer farms should be routinely checked to monitor MG infection and the reactor birds should be culled since MG organism has the potential to transmit vertically.DOI = http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v8i2.9620Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8 (2) : 93-96 

scholarly journals Study of Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity among the Residents of Semi Urban Region of Eastern Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Amar Kumar Yadav ◽  
Manoj Kumar Thakur ◽  
Sakar Babu Gharti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: Low-income countries like Nepal experience a double disease burden infectious diseases risk as well as rising incidence of non-communicable diseases .The present cross sectional study assesses the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in ward no. 1 and 3 of Tankisinuwari VDC, Morang. Materials and Methods: A Community based cross sectional study was conducted in ward no. 1 and 3 of Tankisinuwari VDC, Morang. Total 152 (10%) households were selected by systematic random sampling technique and then 590 individuals (male 323 and female 267), with the age ranging from 10 to 70 years were included in the study. Measurement of weight and height was done by calibrated standard weighing scale and measuring tape. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 16.1%  which was significantly more among  male (11.5%)  than in  female ( 4.6%)  while prevalence of obesity was 2.5% , which was significantly more among  female (2.2%),   than male (0.3)%, P<0.05.The prevalence of overweight was seen more in the age group ≥50 years (7.1%) and obesity was seen more in age group 30-49 years ((2.0%).  The prevalence of overweight (13.9%) and obesity (2.4%) among married group were found significantly more than unmarried population where the prevalence of overweight and obesity were (2.2%) and (0.2%) respectively, P<0.05. Prevalence of obesity among those who had short sleep of 6 hours (1.4%) and overweight (3.9%) was observed which significantly more than among those who slept 7 hour or 8 hour. P=0.013. Conclusion: The role of risk factors in development of obesity like short sleep and long sleep duration, physical inactivity and mode of transport were observed to be associated with overweight and obesity. Demographic factors like age, gender and marital status was found to be associated with overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of prevalence of overweight and hypertension among veterans in Eastern Uttar Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3497
Author(s):  
Saibal Adhya ◽  
Arun Tyagi ◽  
Vivek Anand ◽  
Pavithra V.
Keyword(s):  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weak Association ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

Background: Health problems of veterans have not been studied extensively. Obesity though not a major problem while in service, could be a major factor leading to morbidity and mortality due to lifestyle diseases seen among overweight/obese people.Methods: Status of overweight and hypertension was studied among ex-servicemen population of a military station in the age group of primarily 50-70 years.Results: More than 35% veterans were found to be overweight/obese. Underweight was a more serious problem than overweight among those above 70 years of age. Prevalence of hypertension was also high (25%). There was weak association of overweight with hypertension among ex-servicemen because the problem seems to appear late in life. This association was stronger upto 60 years of age after which it starts decreasing.Conclusions: The problems of overweight and obesity and hypertension constitute considerable health burden among the veterans. However, a significant causal association could not be established between overweight and hypertension.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document