Community diagnosis for a slum population under the field practice area of a government medical college, New Delhi: community-oriented primary care exercise for undergraduate students

Background: Rapid urbanization has led to the increase in a group of people called ‘Urban poor’ dwelling as a community in ‘Slums’, worldwide. Slums manifest deprivation that transcends income poverty. Hence, we conducted this Community-oriented primary care (COPC) exercise, to give medical students a greater understanding of the situation of individual patients in the slum and to formulate a community diagnosis.Methods: The current study was done at Tyagaraj Nagar Jhuggi in the South district of New Delhi, during Community-oriented primary care (COPC) exercise of undergraduate medical students in their 4th semester over a period of 20 days, using a predesigned proforma for collecting data on health events and determinants of health, from families. 35 households were chosen by systematic random sampling.Results: Out of 179 community members studied, 33 (18.43%) were afflicted with morbidity, which consists of common cold with cough, generalized body pain and joint pain. The sex ratio was found to be 826, literacy rate was 76.9% in the study area, 44.11% of the households were having sanitary latrines owned by them, 68.6% had a closed drainage system 63% of the families used clean fuel for cooking and unmet need of contraception was 85% among eligible couples.Conclusions: Investments in women’s access to various contraceptive preferences are urgently needed to help increase the contraceptive prevalence rate. Health Education and awareness campaigns on prevention of potential mosquito, fly breeding sites, hand hygiene, avoidance of firewood as fuel, establishing smoke outlet and solid waste management should be arranged.

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High frequency of otolaryngology/ENT encounters in Canadian primary care despite low medical undergraduate

Canadian Medical Education Journal ◽

10.36834/cmej.72328 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brendan Sorichetti ◽

Julie Pauwels ◽

Thomas Jacobs ◽

Neil Chadha ◽

Emelie Kozak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Medical Students ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Adult Population ◽

Care Facility ◽

Symptom Presentation ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Related Symptom ◽

Medical Undergraduate

Otolaryngology involves the treatment of patients with diseases and disorders of the ear, nose, throat (ENT), and related structures of the head and neck. Many medical students in Canada have limited experiences in ENT and a vast majority of these students go on to pursue a career as primary care physicians. Physicians at a primary care facility classified patient’s visits as either being “ENT” related or not, to assess the amount of ENT related concerns they typically encounter. The data was collected separately in the summer and winter months to assess any seasonal variability. One in eight patient encounters presented with an ENT related concern. The percentage of ENT related symptom presentation visits in the pediatric population for both data collection periods (29%) was more than three times that of the adult population (9%). The rate of ENT symptom presentation in both adult and pediatric populations was not affected by seasonality. Primary care physicians will encounter new patients presenting with ENT related concerns quite frequently. This is especially true in the pediatric patient population. Increased ENT medical education is both necessary and essential for undergraduate medical students, residents, and primary care physicians.

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Effect of epidemiology batch posting in improving attitude towards research among medical students

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200984 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 1158

Author(s):

Aparnavi P. ◽

Venkatesh U. ◽

Priyanka S. ◽

Shalini S.

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Medical Curriculum ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Rank Test ◽

New Delhi ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Indian Medical ◽

Wilcoxon Sign Rank

Background: Epidemiology batch posting (EBP) is conducted only in a few Indian medical colleges for undergraduate students to orient them with research methodologies. EBP is designed to overcome the lacuna in knowledge on attitude towards scientific research amongst medical students. The objective of the study was to study the effect of EBP in improving attitude towards research among medical students.Methods: A pre-post study was conducted on a batch of 40 students (consecutive sampling technique) posted for EBP in Department of Community Medicine, at VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi during October-November 2017. This was well above the required sample size of 16 calculated using G Power 3.1. Data was collected using R-ATR (revised attitude towards research) Data was found to be non-parametric by applying tests of normality. Hence Wilcoxon sign rank test was used to find the statistical significance in change of attitude between pre and post-tests.Results: Participants mean age was 20.50±1.58 yrs and 75% of them were males. The median attitude towards research usefulness increased from 5.25 to 6.75 following EBP. In the domain of positive predisposition towards research, there was an overall positive change in attitude from a median of 4.00 to 5.25. A negative change was shown in ‘research anxiety’ domain, from a median score of 5.00 to 3.00.Conclusions: Authors recommend that Indian medical curriculum should mandate a small group learning model such as EBP for all undergraduate medical students to bring about a positive attitude towards research and to reduce their anxiety levels.

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Factors Associated with Medical Students’ Career Choices Regarding Internal Medicine in Uganda

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1217120/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Felix Bongomin ◽

Ronald Olum ◽

Jonathan Kajjimu ◽

Andrew Marvin Kanyike ◽

Linda Atulinda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internal Medicine ◽

Medical Students ◽

Career Choices ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Interest In Research

Abstract Background There is an unmet need for internal medicine physicians in Uganda owing to the growing burden of diseases. This study aimed at evaluating the factors associated with career choices of undergraduate medical students regarding internal medicine in Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in the first 3 weeks of October 2021 via WhatsApp messenger. Medical students in the 3rd to 5th year of study who had completed internal medicine clinical rotations and pursuing a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB) degree at 7 Ugandan universities (4 public and 3 private) were enrolled. Multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to determine factors associated with a career choice in internal medicine. Results We enrolled 418 participants, median age 24 (interquartile range (IQR): 23 – 26) years, 67.7% were male, and 36.1% had a family member or relative who was a doctor. Most of the students (84.0%) were interested in research. The top three most preferred specialties were internal medicine (52.6%), surgery (51.2%), and obstetrics & gynaecology (51.0%). Overall, 186 (44.5%) participants reported plans to pursue a Master of Medicine degree in internal medicine. Interest in research was the only factor independently associated with 2.5-fold higher odds of pursuing a career in internal medicine (adjusted odds ratio: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.4 — 4.6, p=0.003). About 73% of the participants strongly agreed that internal medicine requires wide reading. Conclusions There is strong interest to pursue a career in internal medicine among Ugandan medical students. We recommend increase in training opportunities in Internal Medicine especially in view of the growing disease burden and increasing population growth.

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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among undergraduate medical students: results from a nationwide survey in India

10.1101/2021.03.12.21253444 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jyoti Jain ◽

Suman Saurabh ◽

Akhil Dhanesh Goel ◽

Manoj Kumar Gupta ◽

Pankaj Bhardwaj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Medical Students ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

Vaccine Trials ◽

Care Workers

SummaryCOVID-19 vaccine was launched in India on 16 January 2021, prioritizing health care workers which included medical students. We aimed to assess vaccine hesitancy and factors related to it among undergraduate medical students in India. An online questionnaire was filled by 1068 medical students across 22 states and union territories of India from 2 February – 7 March 2021. Vaccine hesitancy was found among 10.6%. Concern regarding vaccine safety and efficacy, hurried testing of vaccines prior to launch and lack of trust in government agencies predicted COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Risk perception regarding contracting COVID-19 vaccine reduced COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy as well as hesitation in participating in COVID-19 vaccine trials. Choosing between the two available vaccines (Covishield and Covaxin) was considered important by medical students both for themselves and their future patients. Covishield was preferred to Covaxin by students. Majority of those willing to take the COVID-19 vaccine felt that it was important for them to resume their clinical posting, face-to-face classes and get their personal life back on track. Around three-fourths medical students viewed that COVID-19 vaccine should be made mandatory for both health care workers and international travellers. Prior adult vaccination didn’t have an effect upon COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Targeted awareness campaigns, regulatory oversight of vaccine trials and public release of safety and efficacy data and trust building activities could further reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical students.

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Neuroscience education of undergraduate medical students. Part II: outcome improvement

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.2000.92.4.0642 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 92 (4) ◽

pp. 642-645 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Daniel K. Resnick ◽

Lincoln F. Ramirez

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Medical Students ◽

Student Performance ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Pressure Head ◽

Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

Spine Injury ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Content Type ◽

Fine Print

Object. Because of political and economic pressures, primary care physicians are now charged with greater responsibility for the care of patients with disease processes definitively managed by neurosurgeons. The goal of this study was to establish the feasibility and efficacy of a neurosurgical curriculum designed to teach future primary care physicians about these diseases.Methods. A compact, seven-lecture curriculum was developed to teach 3rd-year medical students about degenerative spine disease, stroke, tumor- and hydrocephalus-related raised intracranial pressure, head and spine injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. This curriculum was given as part of a 6-week pilot course that included neurology, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, and rehabilitation medicine components. This course was administered to two groups of 18 medical students, and an examination was administered at the end of the pilot course. The same examination was administered to an additional 19 students immediately after their completion of the neurology course currently required.Students enrolled in the pilot neuroscience course performed significantly better (p < 0.001) on the examination than those who had completed the standard neurology course. Striking improvements were noted in the recognition and management of head injury, hydrocephalus, and radiculopathy.Conclusions. Inclusion of a short neurosurgery-related curriculum in a combined neuroscience course significantly improved student performance on an examination focusing on the recognition and management of common neurosurgical disorders. Because primary care physicians are responsible for the initial recognition and management of these disorders, the knowledge gained may lead to improved patient care.

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Enhancing learning in longitudinal clinical placements in community primary care clinics: undergraduate medical students’ voices

Education for Primary Care ◽

10.1080/14739879.2019.1644540 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 301-308

Author(s):

Mmoloki C. Molwantwa ◽

Susan van Schalkwyk ◽

Detlef R. Prozesky ◽

Masego B. Kebaetse ◽

Mpho S. Mogodi

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Medical Students ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Clinical Placements ◽

Primary Care Clinics

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Willingness to volunteer of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Assessment at a tertiary care hospital in India

10.1101/2021.01.22.21250302 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manraj Sra ◽

Amulya Gupta ◽

Abhishek Jaiswal ◽

Kapil Yadav ◽

Anil Goswami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

New Delhi ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Health Crisis

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe involvement of medical students in strategies to control COVID-19 might be considered to cope with the shortage of healthcare workers. This study aims at assessing the level of knowledge about COVID-19, willingness to volunteer, potential areas of involvement and reasons for deterrence towards volunteering among medical students.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students of a tertiary care teaching hospital in New Delhi. A web-based questionnaire was used to elicit demographic information, knowledge of COVID-19, willingness to volunteer and reasons for deterrence for working during COVID-19 pandemic and self-declared knowledge in six domains.ResultsA total of 292 students participated in the study with a mean age of 19.9±3.1 years. The mean (S.D.) knowledge score of COVID-19 was 6.9 (1.1) (maximum score 10). Knowledge score was significantly different among preclinical (6.5), paraclinical (7.18), and clinical groups (7.03). Almost three fourth (75.3%) participants were willing to volunteer in COVID-19 pandemic, though 67.8% had not received any training in emergency medicine or public health crisis management. Willingness to work was maximum in areas of social work and indirect patient care (62.3% each). Lack of personal protective equipment was cited as a highly deterrent factor for volunteering (62.7%) followed by fear of transmitting the infection to family (45.9%), fear of causing harm to the patient (34.2%), and absence of treatment (22.2%).Interpretation & conclusionsMajority of the students were willing to volunteer even though they had not received adequate training. Students may serve as an auxiliary force during the pandemic, especially in the non-clinical setting.

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Students’ intentions to practice primary care are associated with their motives to become doctors: a longitudinal study

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-03091-y ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eva Pfarrwaller ◽

Lionel Voirol ◽

Giovanni Piumatti ◽

Mucyo Karemera ◽

Johanna Sommer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Medical Students ◽

Career Choice ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Career Intentions ◽

Primary Care Career ◽

The Impact ◽

Academic Year ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background Medical schools can contribute to the insufficient primary care physician workforce by influencing students’ career preferences. Primary care career choice evolves between matriculation and graduation and is influenced by several individual and contextual factors. This study explored the longitudinal dynamics of primary care career intentions and the association of students’ motives for becoming doctors with these intentions in a cohort of undergraduate medical students followed over a four-year period. Methods The sample consisted of medical students from two classes recruited into a cohort study during their first academic year, and who completed a yearly survey over a four-year period from their third (end of pre-clinical curriculum) to their sixth (before graduation) academic year. Main outcome measures were students’ motives for becoming doctors (ten motives rated on a 6-point scale) and career intentions (categorized into primary care, non-primary care, and undecided). Population-level flows of career intentions were investigated descriptively. Changes in the rating of motives over time were analyzed using Wilcoxon tests. Two generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate which motives were associated with primary care career intentions. Results The sample included 217 students (60% females). Career intentions mainly evolved during clinical training, with smaller changes at the end of pre-clinical training. The proportion of students intending to practice primary care increased over time from 12.8% (year 3) to 24% (year 6). Caring for patients was the most highly rated motive for becoming a doctor. The importance of the motives cure diseases, saving lives, and vocation decreased over time. Primary care career intentions were positively associated with the motives altruism and private practice, and negatively associated with the motives prestige, academic interest and cure diseases. Conclusion Our study indicates that career intentions are not fixed and change mainly during clinical training, supporting the influence of clinical experiences on career-related choices. The impact of students’ motives on primary care career choice suggests strategies to increase the attractivity of this career, such as reinforcing students’ altruistic values and increasing the academic recognition of primary care.

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