scholarly journals A case of carcinocythemia following breast carcinoma mimicking acute leukemia: a case report and review of literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Monica Jain ◽  
Surbhi Gupta ◽  
Pragya Sukla ◽  
Alka Srivastava ◽  
R. K. Grover
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Metastatic Carcinoma ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Circulating Cancer Cells ◽  
Solid Malignancies ◽  
Late Manifestation

<p class="ABS">Carcinocythemia, the presence of circulating cancer cells in the peripheral blood is a rare event which occurs as a late manifestation of solid malignancies and can be confused as acute leukemia. A 50-year-old male with breast carcinoma presented to the hospital with complaints of breathlessness and weakness. His routine hemogram showed leucocytosis along with marked anemia and thrombocytopenia. The peripheral blood smear showed presence of blast like cells and a diagnosis of acute leukemia/metastatic carcinoma breast was considered. The blasts like cells were negative for myeloperoxidase stain. The bone marrow revealed presence of metastatic adenocarcinoma. Carcinocythemia was diagnosed and the patient has been planned for docetaxol and carboplatin based chemotherapy. The differential diagnosis for carcinocythemia is acute leukemia which is common following chemotherapy and radiotherapy for solid tumors. These patients generally have a poor prognosis and survival.</p>

scholarly journals Pattern of hematological malignancies diagnosed by peripheral smear examination

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Punam Paudyal ◽  
A Pradhan ◽  
S Pokharel ◽  
N Shah ◽  
B Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Chronic Leukemia ◽  
Smear Examination

 Background: Leukemia is a malignant neoplasm of the hematopoietic stem cells. Examination of the peripheral blood smear is an inexpensive but powerful diagnostic tool in both children and adults suffering from leukemia because it provides rapid, reliable access to information about a variety of hematologic disorders.Objectives: To study the various patterns of leukemia, clinicoepidemiological profile and hematological features of leukemia.Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in the Hematology section of Department of Pathology of a tertiary care hospital. This study included all consecutive cases of leukemia diagnosed by peripheral blood smear examination from 1st June 2013 to 30th May 2014. The demographic indices were noted in a proforma. Investigations including haemoglobin estimation, total leucocyte count and platelet count were done for the study of hematological features. The morphological sub-typing was done according to the FAB classification system for leukemia.Results: Out of total 52 cases, majority of cases were of acute leukemia (65.38%), followed by chronic leukemia (26.92%) and lymphoma spill/ acute leukemia (7.69%). The age range was 2 to 90 years. Mean age was 37.6 year. Majority were male. Mean hemoglobin count for AML and ALL was 6.8 and 5.3 gm/dl respectively.Conclusion: The finding of this study reflects the pattern of leukemia at BPKIHS. Majority of acute leukemia constituted of acute myeloid leukemia (36.53%) cases and majority of chronic leukemia constituted of chronic myeloid leukemia (17.30%) cases.Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018, Page: 25-35

scholarly journals Clinico-hematological study of leukemias in a hospital-based setup

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Sneha Roy ◽  
Sourav Nath ◽  
Rashmi Rekha Goswami ◽  
S. A. Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Chronic Leukemia ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Medical College

Background: Leukemia, the malignant proliferation of hematopoietic cells, accounts for a major portion of cancer globally. Types of leukemia are necessary for effective therapy as prognosis, and survival rates are different for each type of leukemia. The objective of the study was to know the relative incidence of leukemia in Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Assam. This study also aims to know the clinical manifestations of leukemia and their hematological correlation.Methods: It was a retrospective study of 60 patients carried out in the Department of Pathology in SMCH, Assam, over a period of 2 years from April 2019 to March 2021. Diagnosis was based on peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear and bone marrow examination for morphology, along with cytochemistry study whenever required.Results: In this study, acute leukemia was more prevalent than chronic leukemia. The most common form was CML followed by AML, ALL and then CLL. Male predominance was observed in this study with male: female ratio = 1.7:1. Conclusions: In our study, Acute leukemia was more prevalent than chronic leukemia. Leukemia affected male more than female. In this study, the frequency of AML is more than that of ALL but number of cases of CML exceeds that of AML.

Candidemia Diagnosed from Peripheral Blood Smear: Case Report and Review of Literature 1954–2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 180 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Hirai ◽  
Sayaka Asahata ◽  
Yusuke Ainoda ◽  
Takahiro Fujita ◽  
Hitomi Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Review Of Literature

scholarly journals Activation of coagulation system and d-dimer levels in children with acute leukemia

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Harun Wijaya ◽  
Novie Amelia Chozie ◽  
Badriul Hegar
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Blast Count ◽  
D Dimer

Background D-dimer is a molecule as result of breaking downof excessive fibrin formation from the activation of coagulationsystem. There is evidence of increased activation of coagulation inpatients with acute leukemia which was showed by the incrementof d-dimer levels.Objective To evaluate the incidence of activation of coagulationsys tem in children with acute leukemia before receivingchemotherapy.Method This cross-sectional study was performed at Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital. All newly-diagnosed children with acuteleukemia were included in this study, prior to their receiving anychemotherapy treatment. Blast count, prothrombin time (PTI),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTf), and D-dimer levelswere examined after the diagnosis was confirmed by morphology andimmunophenotyping studies on bone marrow specimens.Results Out of 22 subjects, 13 subjects had increased D-dimervalues. The median D-dimer level of this elevated group was 1,000(range 500-14, 700) n gfmL. In the acute myeloblastic leukemia(AML) patients, activation of coagulation was found in 7 out of 8subjects. The median D-dimer levels was 950 (range 100-14, 700)ng/mL. In the acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients, 6 outof 14 subjects had increased activation of coagulation with medianD-dimer level of 300 (range 100-3,800) ngfmL. Nine out of 10subjects with blast cells on peripheral blood smear had a medianD-dimer level of 1,000 (range 500-3,800) ng/mL. Both PT andAPTT were found normal in all subjects.Conclusion Activation of coagulation sys tem occurs at thetime of diagnosis as shown by increased D-dimer levels. Thecharacteristics of activation of coagulation system are differentbetween ALL and AML subjects, as well as between subj ects withpositive and negative blast counts on peripheral blood smears.Despite the increased activation of coagulation, PT and APTfremain normal.

scholarly journals Cytokine-Induced Memory-Like NK Cells with High Reactivity against Acute Leukemia Blasts and Solid Tumor Cells Suitable for Adoptive Immunotherapy Approaches

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1577
Author(s):  
Matteo Tanzi ◽  
Michela Consonni ◽  
Michela Falco ◽  
Federica Ferulli ◽  
Enrica Montini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Autologous Tumor ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Solid Malignancies

The limited efficacy of Natural Killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy results in part from the suboptimal expansion and persistence of the infused cells. Recent reports suggest that the generation of NK cells with memory-like properties upon in vitro activation with defined cytokines might be an effective way of ensuring long-lasting NK cell function in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that activation with IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18 followed by a one-week culture with optimal doses of Interleukin (IL-2) and IL-15 generates substantial numbers of memory-like NK cells able to persist for at least three weeks when injected into NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice. This approach induces haploidentical donor-derived memory-like NK cells that are highly lytic against patients’ myeloid or lymphoid leukemia blasts, independent of the presence of alloreactive cell populations in the donor and with negligible reactivity against patients’ non-malignant cells. Memory-like NK cells able to lyse autologous tumor cells can also be generated from patients with solid malignancies. The anti-tumor activity of allogenic and autologous memory-like NK cells is significantly greater than that displayed by NK cells stimulated overnight with IL-2, supporting their potential therapeutic value both in patients affected by high-risk acute leukemia after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and in patients with advanced solid malignancies.

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