scholarly journals Cause of death by verbal autopsy among women of reproductive age in Rajasthan, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bal Kishan Gulati ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Arvind Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>Reliable data on mortality and morbidity among women of reproductive age are scarce in India. The present study is the Rajasthan component of a large multi-centric study on cause of death by verbal autopsy conducted in five states of India. The data pertaining to deaths among women of reproductive age are presented.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>House-to-house surveys of a representative population from rural and urban areas in six districts of Rajasthan were undertaken by Probability of Proportion to Size (PPS) sampling. Information on death was obtained from the relatives of the deceased and cause of death was assigned using the standardized algorithm prepared for the purpose. International Classification of Diseases - ICD-10 was used to code the assigned cause of death.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>A total of 231 deaths of women of reproductive age were investigated, of which 36 (16%) were maternal deaths while 195 (84%) were non-maternal deaths. Nine out of ten maternal deaths were in rural area.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>Certain infectious and parasitic diseases; pregnancy, childbirth and the puerpurium; injury, poisoning and other consequences of external causes; and symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified were found to be the major killers among the women of reproductive age. A comprehensive approach that includes in addition to reproductive health interventions, interventions addressing underlying illiteracy among women and social reforms needs to be undertaken. </p><p class="keywords"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Keywords: </span></strong>Maternal deaths, Non-maternal deaths, Women of reproductive age, Verbal autopsy</p>

scholarly journals WOMEN'S OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE HEALTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-181
Author(s):  
Leyla N. Natsun
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

The health of women of reproductive age is the basis for forming the health of new generations of the population. Reducing preventable mortality and morbidity of women with diseases that reduce their reproductive potential, as well as motivating them to lead a healthy lifestyle are urgent tasks in the field of strengthening the demographic potential of the country. The purpose of this work is to analyze themain indicators that characterize the health of women of reproductive age in Russia, as well as the characteristics of behavioral factors that affect the health of this category of population. The information base of the study was made up of the works of domestic and foreign authors, statistical data, and materials of selective observation of behavioral factors affecting the health of the population (for 2018), conducted by the Federal state statistics service. It is shown that, despite the improvement of individual indicators of health of women of reproductive age, an actual threat to it is an increase in the incidence of neoplasms and infertility. Analysis of sample observation data allowed to expand the number of problems identified in the statistics. It was found that different age groups of women of reproductive age have different combinations of behavioral factors that affect health. In the future, it is planned to expand the results obtained by adding an analysis of regional sociological research data.

Decreased prevalence and age-specific risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies in The Netherlands between 1995/1996 and 2006/2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. HOFHUIS ◽  
W. VAN PELT ◽  
Y. T. H. P. VAN DUYNHOVEN ◽  
C. D. M. NIJHUIS ◽  
L. MOLLEMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Occupational Contact

SUMMARYTo estimate the change in the seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasmosis in The Netherlands, a study was conducted in the general population in 2006/2007, similarly designed as a previous study in 1995/1996. Testing 5541 sera for IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii showed a marked decrease of the overall seroprevalence to 26·0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 24·0–28·0], compared to 40·5% (95% CI 37·5–43·4) in 1995/1996. In women of reproductive age the seroprevalence decreased from 35·2% (95% CI 32·9–38·6) in 1995/1996 to 18·5% (95% CI 16·2–20·7) in 2006/2007, leaving the majority of pregnant women susceptible to primary infection with T. gondii and their babies to congenital toxoplasmosis. In participants aged ⩾20 years, Toxoplasma seropositivity was associated with living in the Northwest, living in urban areas, low educational level, consumption of raw pork, keeping a cat, and not having occupational contact with clients or patients. For younger participants, risk factors were keeping sheep or cattle, consumption of raw unwashed vegetables and putting sand in the mouth.

scholarly journals Deaths Due to Cancer Among Women of Reproductive Age in Bangladesh on the Rise: Findings From Two National Level Mortality and Health Care Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 220s-220s
Author(s):  
S. Khan ◽  
S. Arifeen ◽  
N. Chakrobarty ◽  
A.E. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Level ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Epidemiologic Transition ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Care Survey ◽  
Care Survey

Background: Bangladesh, a developing country from southeast Asia has the population of 160 million and currently ranks as being the 7th most populated country in the world. Like many other developing countries, Bangladesh is going through an epidemiologic transition, with significant reductions in mortality due to acute, infectious, and parasitic diseases and increases in noncommunicable, degenerative, and chronic diseases over the last 20 years. In this course, of transition, the deaths due to cancer is also on the rise. Among all adult deaths, cancer the third leading cause of death and accounts for one fifth of all mortality in Bangladesh. However, for women the proportions are even higher. Aim: This abstract looks into the datasets of 2 national surveys - Bangladesh maternal mortality and health care survey 2010 and 2016 - and assess the cause of death among women from reproductive age in Bangladesh. The 2010 survey covered over 150,000 households around Bangladesh, while the 2016 survey covered over 310,000 households from the whole of Bangladesh. Methods: Both the survey followed the same clustering process and sampling procedure, to ensure the compatibility among the surveys. Though the main objective of the survey was to look into the status of maternal mortality and corresponding health service seeking behavior, the surveys also shed lights on overall cause of death for women of reproductive age in Bangladesh. The death cases were assessed by verbal autopsy - using WHO process - and the cause of deaths were classified following ICD 10. The particular deaths due to cancer or neoplasm were separated from the main datasets and then it was looked by demographic information of the respondents. Results: The comparison between the national datasets reveals that, in 2010, 21% Bangladeshi women of reproductive age (15-49 years) were dying due to cancer, meaning 1 in 5 Bangladeshi women from reproductive age is dying due to cancer. However, in 2016 the proportion of death due to cancer raised up to 24% women of reproductive age (15-49 years), meaning 1 in 4 Bangladeshi women from reproductive age is dying due to cancer. Age segregated data shows that, only within this 6 years of timespan, more women from younger age (40-45 vs 50-55 years) are dying out of cancer. Conclusion: The findings of this comparison between the 2 national survey shows that, deaths due to cancer among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh is on the rise. Though Bangladesh has developed a National Cancer Control Strategy and Action Plan with the aim of delivering a universal, quality-based and timely service, the initiative are still boutique. A comprehensive preventive approach through tobacco control, health promotion and vaccination program, in addition to, early detection needs to be established with effective referral chain.

scholarly journals Awareness about mother and child health services among tribal women of reproductive age group in Kurnool division of Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3111
Author(s):  
Renuka Biyyala Biyyala ◽  
Ram Sagar Reddy Moola ◽  
Sreedevi Arepalli
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Tribal Women ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity continue to be high in tribal areas despite the existence of various national programmes in India especially due to lack of awareness about MCH services among tribal women. This study was planned with the aim of assessing the knowledge of married tribal women of reproductive age group about MCH services.Methods: This community based longitudinal study was carried out in January to June 2014 in Bairluti, tribal area at Kurnool district in Andhra Pradesh. 168 married women of reproductive age group were selected by simple random sampling. All the participants were interviewed using a predesigned pretested semi structured questionnaire.Results: Awareness about vitamin A supplementation, family planning temporary methods, birth waiting homes, JSY, 108 services was observed to be poor among participants. Awareness about postnatal services, institutional delivery, family planning permanent methods was found to be inadequate. Whereas more than 50% of the study subjects had knowledge regarding antenatal services, home delivery by trained person, complete immunization and feeding practices. Health workers and family members were the major source of information. Literacy status had statistically significant association with knowledge about MCH services. Statistically significant improvement in awareness is observed after educational intervention.Conclusions: Knowledge of tribal women about MCH services was observed to be inadequate. Maternal literacy plays a key role in better utilization of MCH services. IEC activities with health education sessions will help to increase awareness. 

scholarly journals Differences in maternal mortality between urban and rural areas: Analysis of  Maternal Mortality based in Jinan, China in 1995- 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Zhang ◽  
Tingting Zhen ◽  
Qinyou Meng ◽  
Shimin Yang ◽  
Jiaxue Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Background: Although a large number of studies have shown that maternal mortality in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas, few reports discussed about the detailed situation and the behind causes. Here, we summarized the maternal mortality from 1995 to 2018 in Jinan and the reason behind it was deeply discussed. It is expected to reveal the difference and its behind reasons, thus providing a basis for policy makers to develop interventions. Methods: Data about maternal mortality in the selected city from 1995 to 2018 were collected through the local maternal and child health care network. Maternal death age, maternal death delivery location, maternal death location, number of pregnancies, number of deliveries and maternal death causes were analyzed. The composition ratio of above factors were compared in order to indicate the differences between rural areas and urban areas. Results: The study showed that 75.34% of maternal deaths in urban areas occurred in tertiary hospitals, which were 2.13 times higher than that in rural areas(P<0.05). 16.67% of maternal deaths in rural areas delivered in primary hospitals, which were 12.17 times higher than that in urban areas (P<0.05) . The main cause of death in rural areas were attributed to direct obstetrics reasons, which were indirect obstetric reasons for urban areas (P<0.05). There was no difference of maternal deaths in the death age, number of births, and number of pregnancies between rural areas and urban areas.(P>0.05) Conclusion: Policy makers should focus on the construction of medical institutions in rural areas, the improvement of rescue capabilities in rural areas and the convenience of transport in rural areas in order to narrow the gap between rural and urban areas. Key words: Maternal Mortality; Differences between urban and rural areas; China

scholarly journals A community based comparative study on gender perceptions among married (reproductive age) women of rural and urban areas of district Gautam Buddha Nagar

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Amit Singh Pawaiya ◽  
Khushboo Juneja ◽  
Ajay Kumar Jha ◽  
Tuhina Shree ◽  
Ankita Makhija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background: The preference for a son over female offspring continues to be a prevailing norm within the ancient Indian family. Sons are expected to work within the fields, give bigger financial gain and look after parents. Additionally, in Indian patriarchal society, sons are a unit responsible for the preservation of the family name. The preference for a son and female feticide continues to be a prevailing norm in ancient Indian families (urban and rural) leading to declining sex ratio to an alarming level. With this background the following study was conducted in Gautam Buddha Nagar with the objective of finding out gender bias in rural and urban area.Methods: A study was carried out in rural and urban field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine, district Gautam Buddha Nagar of Uttar Pradesh. The study was conducted among 270 married women of reproductive age group. The women were interviewed using a semi structure questionnaire.Results: More than half of the respondents in the rural areas (57.7%) preferred son while in the urban areas, 43% of women preferred a son. The most important reason for preferring a son in the rural area was a support to the parents. While in urban area son was preferred because of the continuation of a family line.Conclusions: Preference for son was found to be high. Further amendments in the existing laws and quality education may help in breaking gender stereotypes and minimizing gender bias. 

scholarly journals Socio Demographic Determinants of Delivery Practice in Rural Women of Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meherunnessa Begum ◽  
Khondoker Bulbul Sarwar ◽  
Nasreen Akther ◽  
Rokshana Sabnom ◽  
Asma Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
At Home

Background: Every year, world wide, 200 million women become pregnant. The development of urban areas allowed women to receive more care and treatment. However, in rural areas such measures are not available to every woman. Data on delivery practice of rural woman may help the social and public health planners and decision makers to minimize and prevent maternal mortality and morbidity ensuring safe motherhood.Objective: The aim of the study was to observe the delivery practice of rural women of Bangladesh. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted and data were collected from Dhamrai upazila, Dhaka, Bangladesh in April 2008. Total 159 women of reproductive age group at least having one child were selected purposively to elicit information on various demographic, socioeconomic, cultural and selected programmatic variables including maternal health care and delivery practices. Results: Among the respondents about 55% were literate. Majority (80%) of the respondents delivered at home and most of the them (71%) felt that home delivery was comfortable where as about 29% of the respondents were compelled to deliver at home due to family decision and financial constraint. Among the deliveries about 82% occurred normally and 18.2% were by cesarean section. A considerable percentage of deliveries (49%) were attended by traditional birth attendants. Blade was used for cutting umbilical cord in majority of the cases (74%) who delivered at home. Most of the respondents (90%) took ante natal check up and about 74% were vaccinated by tetanus toxoid. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that a lot of work is still to do for the policy makers and health planners to target, plan, develop and deliver maternal health services to the rural women of Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v1i2.15917 Delta Med Col J. Jul 2013;1(2):42-45

scholarly journals Women, immigration, poverty and tuberculosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Casali ◽  
Mariano E. Crapa
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Information Sheet ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Working Age

In December 2009 an information sheet edited by WHO reported that, in 2008, 3.6 million women fell ill with tuberculosis (TB) and 700,000 women died from TB, including 200,000 with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and TB. TB is the 3rd leading cause of death worldwide among women aged between 15 and 44 years. It should be noted that this range englobes both the reproductive and working age. TB is the 4th leading cause of death among women aged 10-19 years in low income countries. Once infected, women of reproductive age are more susceptible to developing TB than men of the same age...

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