scholarly journals COVID-19 patients and surgical recommendations in low-resource settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Bappy Basak ◽  
M. Tasdik Hasan ◽  
Rifat Alam ◽  
Raiiq Ridwan ◽  
Imran Kais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Care Teams ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Maximum Protection ◽  
Surgical Conditions

<p>COVID-19 infection has made a great impact on the health and economy of many countries. Low middle-income countries are yet to experience the worst of it. There are lots of issues, such as, appropriate resource management that will come alongside the infection that can make the condition even worse. For how long this virus will stay with us is yet to be known. In the situation, whole surgical management cannot be postponed for a longer period that can damage the patient’s health. There are lots of queries that will also come up with the viral infection, for example, how should we use our limited test kits, when should we use PPE and which one, how should we select surgical cases, how to ensure proper post-operative care, and another vital question how can we protect health workers from getting infected while giving the service. We have made a bunch of recommendations for such countries to ensure proper preparation against this pandemic. These considerations can ensure the highest care for the patients with surgical conditions and also guarantee maximum protection of the health care teams from admission to operation, operation to ward, and ward to discharge.</p>

Utilization of traditional medicine in primary health care in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1070-1083
Author(s):  
Jae Kyoun Kim ◽  
Kyeong Han Kim ◽  
Yong Cheol Shin ◽  
Bo-Hyoung Jang ◽  
Seong-Gyu Ko
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Referral System ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Primary Health

Abstract This paper reports the findings from the first systematic review of the utilization of traditional medicine (TM) in primary health care (PHC) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). PHC is an important component of health care and essential for achieving universal health coverage (UHC). For countries where there is a gap in PHC, TM plays a vital role. It is widely used and has the potential to increase the coverage of PHC and UHC. Hence in situations where TM is recognized in a considerable magnitude, there are scarce evidence and minimal regulation on it and TM practitioners (TMPs). This study aims to identify the current situation in the utilization of TM in PHC or UHC in LMICs. A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies have been conducted. A total of 56 articles met the criteria and were included in the review. In all, 14 analytic themes have been developed including the current use of TM in PHC, higher accessibility of TM, medical pluralism, national health system, national health policy and national health insurance to include TM, including TMPs in the referral system, utilizing TMPs as community health workers, the needs of scientific research on TM and the need for training both TMPs and conventional medical staffs for better collaboration. The study concluded that it is necessary to further focus on TM in the macro level on strengthening the referral system by including TM to establish a comprehensive service delivery network under UHC and in the micro level to focus on training the TMPs and conventional medicine health workers on both areas to attain more in-depth understanding of each other, which can lead to better collaboration and quality patient care.

Adult congenital cardiac life-long needs evaluation in a low-middle income country, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Laila Akbar Ladak ◽  
Disty Pearson ◽  
Kathy Jenkins ◽  
Muneer Amanullah ◽  
Waris Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Defect Repair ◽  
Adult Congenital

Abstract Objective: Adult congenital heart diseases (ACHD) have distinct health care needs that require life-long care. Limited data is available from low-middle income countries (LMIC). This descriptive study conducted in Pakistan aimed to assess patients and health care professionals understanding of the needs for ACHD care and the perceived barriers to care. Methods: A telephone survey was conducted of ACHD patients. An e-mail survey was sent to the pediatric and adult cardiologists of five institutions (3 public and 2 private) that provide ACHD services in Pakistan. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, mean ± SD, median) were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 128 ACHD patients were surveyed, 65 (51%) were females with a mean age of 29.4±10.4 years. Atrial septal defect repair was the most common surgical procedure. Mean age at surgery was 25.6±10.49 years, and a surgical follow-up period of 3.8±2.3 years. Majority (n=3, 60%) of the health care professionals (HCPs) responded that 75-100% of the ACHD surgical patients would need lifelong care, yet 10-25% return to their cardiology clinics. Most of the surveyed ACHD patients (89%, n=114) demonstrated a lack of understanding of life-long care after surgery due to not being communicated by their HCPs. Cost and travelling issues were the barriers highlighted by HCPs. Both ACHD patients (96%, n=122) and HCP (100%, n=5) underscored their interest in life-long care. Continuous......  

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with burnout among frontline primary health care providers in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Dugani ◽  
Henrietta Afari ◽  
Lisa R. Hirschhorn ◽  
Hannah Ratcliffe ◽  
Jeremy Veillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Primary Health

Background: Primary health care (PHC) systems require motivated and well-trained frontline providers, but are increasingly challenged by the growing global shortage of health care workers. Burnout, defined as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal achievement, negatively impacts motivation and may further decrease productivity of already limited workforces. The objective of this review was to analyze the prevalence of and factors associated with provider burnout in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We performed a systematic review of articles on outpatient provider burnout in LMICs published up to 2016 in three electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CAB). Articles were reviewed to identify prevalence of factors associated with provider burnout. Results: A total of 6,182 articles were identified, with 20 meeting eligibility criteria. We found heterogeneity in definition and prevalence of burnout. Most studies assessed burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. All three dimensions of burnout were seen across multiple cadres (physicians, nurses, community health workers, midwives, and pharmacists). Frontline nurses in South Africa had the highest prevalence of high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while PHC providers in Lebanon had the highest reported prevalence of low personal achievement. Higher provider burnout (for example, among nurses, pharmacists, and rural health workers) was associated with high job stress, high time pressure and workload, and lack of organizational support. Conclusions: Our comprehensive review of published literature showed that provider burnout is prevalent across various health care providers in LMICs. Further studies are required to better measure the causes and consequences of burnout and guide the development of effective interventions to reduce or prevent burnout.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with burnout among frontline primary health care providers in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Dugani ◽  
Henrietta Afari ◽  
Lisa R. Hirschhorn ◽  
Hannah Ratcliffe ◽  
Jeremy Veillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Primary Health

Background: Primary health care (PHC) systems require motivated and well-trained frontline providers, but are increasingly challenged by the growing global shortage of health care workers. Burnout, defined as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal achievement, negatively impacts motivation and may further decrease productivity of already limited workforces. The objective of this review was to analyze the prevalence of and factors associated with provider burnout in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We performed a systematic review of articles on outpatient provider burnout in LMICs published up to 2016 in three electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CAB). Articles were reviewed to identify prevalence of factors associated with provider burnout. Results: A total of 6,182 articles were identified, with 20 meeting eligibility criteria. We found heterogeneity in definition and prevalence of burnout. Most studies assessed burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. All three dimensions of burnout were seen across multiple cadres (physicians, nurses, community health workers, midwives, and pharmacists). Frontline nurses in South Africa had the highest prevalence of high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while PHC providers in Lebanon had the highest reported prevalence of low personal achievement. Higher provider burnout (for example, among nurses, pharmacists, and rural health workers) was associated with high job stress, high time pressure and workload, and lack of organizational support. Conclusions: Our comprehensive review of published literature showed that provider burnout is prevalent across various health care providers in LMICs. Further studies are required to better measure the causes and consequences of burnout and guide the development of effective interventions to reduce or prevent burnout.

scholarly journals Mobile health and the performance of maternal health care workers in low- and middle-income countries: A realist review

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibukun-Oluwa Omolade Abejirinde ◽  
Onaedo Ilozumba ◽  
Bruno Marchal ◽  
Marjolein Zweekhorst ◽  
Marjolein Dieleman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Introduction Maternal health and the performance of health workers is a key concern in low- and middle-income countries. Mobile health technologies are reportedly able to improve workers’ performance. However, how this has been achieved for maternal health workers in low-resource settings is not fully substantiated. To address this gap by building theoretical explanations, two questions were posed: How does mobile health influence the performance of maternal health care workers in low- and middle-income countries? What mechanisms and contextual factors are associated with mobile health use for maternal health service delivery in low- and middle-income countries? Methods Guided by established guidelines, a realist review was conducted. Five databases were searched for relevant English language articles published between 2009 and 2016. A three-stage framework was developed and populated with explanatory configurations of Intervention–Context–Actors–Mechanism–Outcome. Articles were analyzed retroductively, with identified factors grouped into meaningful clusters. Results Of 1254 records identified, 23 articles representing 16 studies were retained. Four main mechanisms were identified: usability and empowerment explaining mobile health adoption, third-party recognition explaining mobile health utilization, and empowerment of health workers explaining improved competence. Evidence was skewed toward the adoption and utilization stage of the framework, with weak explanations for performance outcomes. Conclusions Findings suggest that health workers can be empowered to adopt and utilize mobile health in contexts where it is aligned to their needs, workload, training, and skills. In turn, mobile health can empower health workers with skills and confidence when it is perceived as useful and easy to use, in contexts that foster recognition from clients, peers, or supervisors.

scholarly journals Surgical care and COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1959
Author(s):  
Komal Gupta ◽  
Supreet Kaur ◽  
Aditya Baksi ◽  
Niladri Banerjee ◽  
Kamal Kataria
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Emergency Treatment ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Surgical Emergencies ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
Set Up

The COVID-19 pandemic has added a huge strain on health care resources globally. For the developing world and low-to-middle income countries (LMIC), the burden has been even greater. Patients with COVID-19 require proper isolation and treatment. However, patients with other medical and surgical conditions should not be denied emergency treatment. While elective surgeries may be deferred, emergency surgeries should not wait. Therefore, hospitals should have a well-defined plan to allocate their resources judiciously, at the same time ensuring a safe ecosystem for health care workers and patients. Triage of patients attending the emergency department can ensure better delivery of health care in a resource-constrained set up. Based on our experience, we have formulated an algorithm for management of surgical emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Guidelines from various surgical societies were referred to, and modified according to the needs and constraints of a LMIC. 

The Impact of Covid 19 on Pregnant Women and Child Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1367-1373
Author(s):  
Nikhil Sanjay Mujbaile ◽  
Smita Damke
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Separation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
General Wellbeing

The Covid illness (COVID-19) pandemic has spread rapidly all through the world and has had a drawn-out impact. The Pandemic has done incredible damage to society and made genuine mental injury to numerous individuals. Mental emergencies frequently cause youngsters to deliver sentiments of relinquishment, despondency, insufficiency, and fatigue and even raise the danger of self-destruction. Youngsters with psychological instabilities are particularly powerless during the isolate and colonial removing period. Convenient and proper assurances are expected to forestall the event of mental and social issues. The rising advanced applications and wellbeing administrations, for example, telehealth, web-based media, versatile wellbeing, and far off intuitive online instruction can connect the social separation and backing mental and conduct wellbeing for youngsters. Because of the mental advancement qualities of youngsters, this investigation additionally outlines intercessions on the mental effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Further difficulties in Low Middle-Income Countries incorporate the failure to actualize successful general wellbeing estimates, for example, social separating, hand cleanliness, definitive distinguishing proof of contaminated individuals with self-disconnection and widespread utilization of covers The aberrant impacts of the Pandemic on youngster wellbeing are of extensive concern, including expanding neediness levels, upset tutoring, absence of admittance to the class taking care of plans, decreased admittance to wellbeing offices and breaks in inoculation and other kid wellbeing programs. Kept tutoring is critical for kids in Low Middle-Income Countries. Arrangement of safe situations is mainly testing in packed asset obliged schools. 

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