scholarly journals Infection prevention and care bundles addressing health care-associated infections in neonatal care in low-middle income countries: a scoping review

2022 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 101259
Author(s):  
Alexandra Molina García ◽  
James H. Cross ◽  
Elizabeth J.A. Fitchett ◽  
Kondwani Kawaza ◽  
Uduak Okomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Care Bundles ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections

scholarly journals Exploration of recovery of people living with severe mental illness (SMI) in low/middle-income countries (LMICs): a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e045005
Author(s):  
Fadia Gamieldien ◽  
Roshan Galvaan ◽  
Bronwyn Myers ◽  
Zarina Syed ◽  
Katherine Sorsdahl
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Personal Recovery ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Provider Perspectives ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries

ObjectiveTo examine the literature on how recovery of people with severe mental illness (SMI) is conceptualised in low/middle-income countries (LMICs), and in particular what factors are thought to facilitate recovery.DesignScoping review.Data sources and eligibilityWe searched 14 electronic databases, hand searched citations and consulted with experts during the period May–December 2019. Eligible studies were independently screened for inclusion and exclusion by two reviewers. Unresolved discrepancies were referred to a third reviewer.Data extraction and synthesisAll bibliographical data and study characteristics were extracted using a data charting form. Selected studies were analysed through a thematic analysis emerging from extracted data.ResultsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram offers a summary of the results: 4201 titles, 1530 abstracts and 109 full-text articles were screened. Ten articles were selected for inclusion: two from Turkey, two from India, and one each from China, Swaziland, Indonesia, Egypt, South Africa and Vietnam. Although most studies used qualitative methods, data collection and sampling methods were heterogeneous. One study reported on service provider perspectives while the rest provided perspectives from a combination of service users and caregivers. Three themes emerged from the data analysis. First, studies frame recovery as a personal journey occurring along a continuum. Second, there was an emphasis on social relationships as a facilitator of recovery. Third, spirituality emerged as both a facilitator and an indicator of recovery. These themes were not mutually exclusive and some overlap exists.ConclusionAlthough there were commonalities with how high-income countries describe recovery, we also found differences in conceptualisation. These differences in how recovery was understood reflect the importance of framing the personal recovery concept in relation to local needs and contextual issues found in LMICs. This review highlighted the current sparse evidence base and the need to better understand recovery from SMI in LMICs.

Video Relay Interpreting and Overcoming Barriers in Health Care for Deaf Users: A Scoping Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minerva Rivas Velarde ◽  
Caroline Jagoe ◽  
Jess Cuculick
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Study Selection

UNSTRUCTURED Abstract Objectives To identify existing evidence regarding the use of Video Remote Interpretation (VRI) in healthcare settings. To assess if VRI technology can enable deaf-users to overcome interpretation barriers and improve communication outcomes between them and health care personnel. Design Scoping review. Data sources Seven medical research databases (Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar) from 2006 and bibliographies and citations of relevant papers. Searches included articles in English, Spanish and French. Eligibility criteria for study selection Original articles about the use of VRI for Deaf or Hard of Hearing sign language users (DHH) for, or within, healthcare. Results From the original 176 articles identified, 120 were eliminated after reading the article title and abstract, and 41 articles were excluded after they were fully read. Fifteen articles were selected for inclusion. Four were literature reviews; four were surveys, three qualitative studies; and one mixed-methods study that combined qualitative and quantitative data, one brief communication, one quality improvement report and one secondary analysis. This scoping review identified a knowledge gap regarding the quality of interpretation and training of sign language interpretation for healthcare. It also shows that this area is under researched and evidence is scant. All evidence was from high-income countries which is particularly problematic given that the majority of DHH persons live in low- and middle-income countries. Conclusions Furthering our understanding on the use of VRI technology is pertinent and relevant. Available literature shows that VRI may enable deaf-users to overcome interpretation barriers and can potentially improve communication outcomes between them and health personnel within healthcare services. For VRI to be acceptable, sign language users require a VRI system supported by devices with large screen and a reliable internet connection, as well as qualified interpreters trained on medical interpretation.

scholarly journals Implementation of colorectal cancer screening interventions in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e037520
Author(s):  
Désirée Schliemann ◽  
Nicholas Matovu ◽  
Kogila Ramanathan ◽  
Paloma Muñoz-Aguirre ◽  
Ciaran O'Neill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Scoping Reviews

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) imposes a significant global burden of disease. CRC survival rates are much lower in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Screening tends to lead to an improvement in cancer detection and the uptake of available treatments and, in turn, to better chances of cancer survival. Most evidence on CRC screening interventions comes from high-income countries. The objective of this scoping review is to map the available literature on the implementation of CRC screening interventions in LMICs.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a scoping review according to the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley (2005). We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar using a combination of terms such as “colorectal cancer”, “screening” and “low-middle-income countries”. Studies of CRC screening interventions/programmes conducted in the general adult population in LMICs as well as policy reviews (of interventions in LMICs) and commentaries on challenges and opportunities of delivering CRC screening in LMICs, published in the English language before February 2020 will be included in this review. The title and abstract screen will be conducted by one reviewer and two reviewers will screen full-texts and extract data from included papers, independently, into a data charting template that will include criteria from an adapted template for intervention description and replication checklist and implementation considerations. The presentation of the scoping review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews guidance.Ethics and disseminationThere are no ethical concerns. The results will be used to inform colorectal screening interventions in LMICs. We will publish the findings in a peer-reviewed journal and present them at relevant conferences.

scholarly journals Machine learning health-related applications in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e035983
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco ◽  
Lorainne Tudor Car ◽  
Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard ◽  
Trishan Panch ◽  
J Jaime Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health Related

IntroductionMachine learning (ML) has been used in bio-medical research, and recently in clinical and public health research. However, much of the available evidence comes from high-income countries, where different health profiles challenge the application of this research to low/middle-income countries (LMICs). It is largely unknown what ML applications are available for LMICs that can support and advance clinical medicine and public health. We aim to address this gap by conducting a scoping review of health-related ML applications in LMICs.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow the methodology proposed by Levac et al. The search strategy is informed by recent systematic reviews of ML health-related applications. We will search Embase, Medline and Global Health (through Ovid), Cochrane and Google Scholar; we will present the date of our searches in the final review. Titles and abstracts will be screened by two reviewers independently; selected reports will be studied by two reviewers independently. Reports will be included if they are primary research where data have been analysed, ML techniques have been used on data from LMICs and they aimed to improve health-related outcomes. We will synthesise the information following evidence mapping recommendations.Ethics and disseminationThe review will provide a comprehensive list of health-related ML applications in LMICs. The results will be disseminated through scientific publications. We also plan to launch a website where ML models can be hosted so that researchers, policymakers and the general public can readily access them.

scholarly journals What do we mean by individual capacity strengthening for primary health care in low- and middle-income countries? A systematic scoping review to improve conceptual clarity

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mairéad Finn ◽  
Brynne Gilmore ◽  
Greg Sheaf ◽  
Frédérique Vallières
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Capacity Strengthening ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Individual Capacity

Abstract Background Capacity strengthening of primary health care workers is widely used as a means to strengthen health service delivery, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the widespread recognition of the importance of capacity strengthening to improve access to quality health care, how the term ‘capacity strengthening’ is both used and measured varies substantially across the literature. This scoping review sought to identify the most common domains of individual capacity strengthening, as well as their most common forms of measurement, to generate a better understanding of what is meant by the term ‘capacity strengthening’ for primary health care workers. Methods Six electronic databases were searched for studies published between January 2000 and October 2020. A total of 4474 articles were screened at title and abstract phase and 323 full-text articles were reviewed. 55 articles were ultimately identified for inclusion, covering various geographic settings and health topics. Results Capacity strengthening is predominantly conceptualised in relation to knowledge and skills, as either sole domains of capacity, or used in combination with other domains including self-efficacy, practices, ability, and competencies. Capacity strengthening is primarily measured using pre- and post-tests, practical evaluations, and observation. These occur along study-specific indicators, though some pre-existing, validated tools are also used. Conclusion The concept of capacity strengthening for primary health care workers reflected across a number of relevant frameworks and theories differs from what is commonly seen in practice. A framework of individual capacity strengthening across intra-personal, inter-personal, and technical domains is proposed, as an initial step towards building a common consensus of individual capacity strengthening for future work.

scholarly journals Unravelling ‘low-resource settings’: a systematic scoping review with qualitative content analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. e005190
Author(s):  
Chanel van Zyl ◽  
Marelise Badenhorst ◽  
Susan Hanekom ◽  
Martin Heine
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Low Resource Setting ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries

IntroductionThe effects of healthcare-related inequalities are most evident in low-resource settings. Such settings are often not explicitly defined, and umbrella terms which are easier to operationalise, such as ‘low-to-middle-income countries’ or ‘developing countries’, are often used. Without a deeper understanding of context, such proxies are pregnant with assumptions, insinuate homogeneity that is unsupported and hamper knowledge translation between settings.MethodsA systematic scoping review was undertaken to start unravelling the term ‘low-resource setting’. PubMed, Africa-Wide, Web of Science and Scopus were searched (24 June 2019), dating back ≤5 years, using terms related to ‘low-resource setting’ and ‘rehabilitation’. Rehabilitation was chosen as a methodological vehicle due to its holistic nature (eg, multidisciplinary, relevance across burden of disease, and throughout continuum of care) and expertise within the research team. Qualitative content analysis through an inductive approach was used.ResultsA total of 410 codes were derived from 48 unique articles within the field of rehabilitation, grouped into 63 content categories, and identified nine major themes relating to the term ‘low-resource setting’. Themes that emerged relate to (1) financial pressure, (2) suboptimal healthcare service delivery, (3) underdeveloped infrastructure, (4) paucity of knowledge, (5) research challenges and considerations, (6) restricted social resources, (7) geographical and environmental factors, (8) human resource limitations and (9) the influence of beliefs and practices.ConclusionThe emerging themes may assist with (1) the groundwork needed to unravel ‘low-resource settings’ in health-related research, (2) moving away from assumptive umbrella terms like ‘low-to-middle-income countries’ or ‘low/middle-income countries’ and (3) promoting effective knowledge transfer between settings.

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