scholarly journals Clinico-epidemiological study of melasma in tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Nishtha H. Patel ◽  
Narendra Gangaiah ◽  
Veena Thimappa ◽  
Pavithra Gundappa
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Melasma is common pigmentary disorder and affect patient quality of life due to its presentation over the face. It mostly affects sun exposed area and present as grey-brown pigmentation over the face.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this observational or descriptive study, total 110 patients were enrolled which was carried out in the Department of Dermatology from February 2019 to January 2020 at Sri Siddhartha Medical College and Sciences, Tumkur, Karnataka.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean age group affected was 31-40 years of age (41.8%). Out of 110 patients 18 patients were male and 92 patients were females. Total 15 patients had positive family history (13.6%). 30 patients had history of taking oral contraceptive pills (27.3%). 22 patients had sun exposure history (20%). 59 patients had epidermal pigmentation (53.6%) and 62 patients had malar region distribution (56.4%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> During third decade of life, females were more commonly affected. Pathogenesis of melasma is multifactorial. In our study, we found that oral contraceptive pills and sun exposure may predispose or trigger the melasma. Most common area affected was malar. Epidermal pigmentation was more common.</p>

scholarly journals A clinico-epidemiological study of melasma

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Akshy Kumar ◽  
Mukul Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Positive Family History ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Melasma is an acquired increased pigmentation of the skin, characterized by gray-brown symmetrical patches, mostly in the sun-exposed areas of the skin.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The proposed study is an epidemiological cross sectional study which was carried out in the department of dermatology in a teaching institute from October 2007 to September 2008 at Pramukh Swami Medical College, Karamsad, Gujarat. A total of 60 patients were enrolled for the study over a period of one year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The main age group affected was 30-39 years i.e. 48.33% patients. 50 patients were females.18 patients had a positive family history of melasma. 12 patients had a positive history of using OC Pills. Malar region was the commonest affected area found in 52 patients followed by Centro-facial in 31 and least involvement was seen in forehead region in 24 patients. 20 patients reported association of occurrence of the lesions with pregnancy, 09 patients reported sunlight to be the offending agent.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Females were affected more commonly during their late third decade of life. Although we did not find the exact cause of melasma, we noticed that sun-exposure, pregnancy, and taking of oral contraceptive pills could precipitate or exacerbate the melasma.</p>

scholarly journals Awareness of contraception in post-partum women in a tertiary care centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3850
Author(s):  
Rupali Atmaram Gaikwad ◽  
Shrinivas N. Gadappa ◽  
Sonali S. Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Intrauterine Contraceptive

Background: In this modern or scientific era even though women are working equally or one step ahead of men, in family planning decision they are still lagging behind. Postpartum period is very crucial for a woman especially for many of those belonging to the villages as this may be the only time she comes in contact with a health personnel and in a mood to listen health advice. Keeping this in mind, this crucial period was considered as opportunity to test the issue of awareness regarding contraception.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of Govt medical college and hospital, Aurangabad between August 2016 to December 2016. A total 720 post-partum women were interrogated and counselled regarding various methods of contraception.Results: Only 55.69% were aware about various methods of contraception. Awareness was maximum for Sterilisation (91%) followed by Intrauterine contraceptive device (81%) and Oral contraceptive pills (41%). Women knew about contraception from health care system (45%) and mass media (36%). After counselling 97% patients ready to use.Conclusions: There is lack of awareness regarding contraception. Contraceptive services are to be strengthened by intergrating with antenatal sevices.

scholarly journals Study of cutaneous manifestations in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome attending a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Chinmai Yerram ◽  
Garimella Venkateswara Rao ◽  
Krishna Rajesh Kilaru
Keyword(s):  
Acanthosis Nigricans ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multisystem metabolic disorder, which has a significant impact on the quality of life as well as fertility.<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5372429/#ref1"><sup>1</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5372429/#ref2"><sup>2</sup></a> Acne, hirsutism, androgenetic alopecia, acanthosis nigricans, seborrhea are commonly associated with cutaneous manifestations of PCOS. To identify cutaneous manifestations, their incidence and frequency in patients with PCOS in different age groups.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> An institutional based prospective study. <em>Seventy PCOS patients attending out-patient departments of DVL and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NRI Medical College and General Hospital, Guntur, </em>fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study and examined for the presence of cutaneous manifestations in the two year study period between January 2017 and December 2018.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In the present study, 70 patients with PCOS were taken up and the commonest age group affected was 21-25 years (42.8%). Positive family history of PCOS was observed in 12.8%. The commonest cutaneous manifestation was acne vulgaris (57.14 %). Obesity was present in 47.14% of the patients and all of them were found to have striae. Hirsutism was observed in 47.14% of the total patients studied and the majority of them had terminal hair in the chin region and upper lip. Acanthosis nigricans was present in 34.28%, seborrhoea in 21.42% and acrochordons in 17.14% of the patients. Of the 70 patients, 15.7% were overweight and 47.14% were obesity.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The cutaneous manifestations of PCOS reserves major role in its management by Dermatologist. Recognizing PCOS in women presenting with hyperandrogenism offers a significant opportunity to begin a life-long conversation about prevention and treatment of a condition that has a multi-system impact on affected women.</p>

scholarly journals Functional outcomes in women with neurological complications secondary to oral contraceptive pills: A case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Rawat ◽  
◽  
Anit Catherine Charls ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Cerebrovascular Complications ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
History Of

Cerebrovascular complications of Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs) are recorded in literature. We present a case series of 4 women who were admitted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation after having cerebrovascular complications. The only risk factor which was identified was the history of OCPs intake. The cerebrovascular accident ranged from arterial stroke to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT-3, arterial stroke-1). All of them underwent rehabilitation for 3 weeks. Two out of three CVT patients had good functional recovery. A targeted rehabilitation program during the early phase of the condition results in better functional outcome in patients.

scholarly journals Accidental tramadol ingestion in children admitted in tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2661
Author(s):  
Vadlakonda Sruthi ◽  
Annaladasu Narendra
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Background: Tramadol use has been increasing in the adult and pediatric population. Practitioners must be alert because Tramadol misuse can lead to severe intoxication in which respiratory failure and seizures are frequent. Overdoses can lead to death. We report 47 pediatric cases with history of accidental tramadol exposure in children.Methods: An observational, retrospective, single center case -series of children with a history of accidental tramadol exposure in children admitted in pediatric intensive care unit of tertiary care center, Niloufer Hospital (Osmania Medical College) Hyderabad, Telangana India.Results: Of 47 children, 22 (47%) are male and 25 (53%) were female. At presentation 11 (23%) had loss of consciousness, 14 (29%) seizures, 17 (36%) hypotonia was noted. Pupils were miotic in 22 (47%) mydriatic in 2 (4.2%) normal in rest of children. Hemodynamic instability noted in 13 (27.6%). Serotonin syndrome (tachycardia, hyperthermia, hypertension, hyper reflex, clonus) was noted on 5 (10.6%) children. Respiratory depression was seen in 4 (8%) children who needed ventilatory support. Antidote Naloxone was given in 7 children. No adverse reaction was noted with Naloxone. All 47 children were successfully discharged.Conclusions: Overdoses can lead to death and practitioners must be alert because of the increasing use of tramadol in the adult and pediatric population. The handling of the tramadol should be explained to parents and general population and naloxone could be efficient when opioid toxicity signs are present.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of vaginal candidiasis among pregnant women attending Tikrit teaching hospital/Iraq.

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-324
Author(s):  
Ehan A. Alsharifi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
History Of

Back ground: Vaginal candidiasis is the second common infection among child bearing women. The disease is caused by yeast organism especially Candida albican. Pregnancy is one of the risk factors of the disease. It has been revealed that more than 75 % of women may experience an attach of the disease during their life time.Objectives: To study the epidemiological factors of vaginal candidiasis among pregnant women attending Tikrit teaching hospital out-patient clinic.Patients and methods: The study was conducted on a sample of (120) pregnant women. The demographic and epidemiologic information was obtained according to special designed questionnaire. The study was done over a period from 1/3/2017 to 16/4/2017. Vaginal swabs were taken from patients and sent to the lab for direct microscopically examination and cultured in special nutrient media.Results: About (29%) of study sample had vaginal candidiasis. There was a significant relation between a history of taking antibiotic, oral contraceptive drugs, diabetes mellitus and occurrence of the disease. The most frequent cases of vaginal candidiasis was from age group (25-35 years) (57.1%).Conclusions: About (29%) of pregnant women sample was affected by vaginal candidiasis. There was a significant relation between history of using oral contraceptive pills, broad spectrum antibiotics taking, diabetes mellitus and occurrence of the disease. المقدمة : داء المبيضات المهبلي هوثاني اشهر الامراض التي تصيب النساء الحوامل  والذي يتسبب بواسطة الاصابة بنوع من الفطريات تسمى مبيضات البيكان . يعتبر الحمل احد العوامل التي تزيد احتمالية اصابة المرأة بهذا المرض حيث اوضحت الدراسات بان مايقارب 75٪ من النساء قد تعاني من المرض خلال فترة من فترات حياتهم . أهداف الدراسة:لدراسة العوامل الوبائية لداء المبيضات المهبلي بين النساء الحوامل الذين يراجعون المستشفى التعليمي في تكريت / العيادة الخارجية المرضى وطريقة عمل البحث :تم اجراء الدراسة على عينة مكونة من 120 من النساء الحوامل حيث تم جمع المعلومات الديموغرافية والوبائية لافراد العينة حسب استبيان خاص اعد لهذا الغرض . وقد اجريت الدراسة للفترة بين 1/3/2017 لغاية 16/4/2017 . لقد تم اخذ مسحات مهبلية من افراد العينة وارسلت للمختبر حيث تم فحصها مجهريا وكذلك تم زراعتها في اطباق خاصة تحتوي وسط غذائي خاص لذلك. النتائج:حوالي (29٪) من عينة الدراسة من النساء الحوامل كانت مصابة بداء المبيضات المهبلي وكما اظهرت الدراسة وجود علاقة كبيرة بين تناول المضادات الحيوية من قبل المرأة الحامل  وتناول حبوب منع الحمل وزيادة الأصابة بالمرض وكما تبين وجود علاقة ايضا بين اصابة الحامل بداء السكري وزيادة حدوث المرض. وكانت الحالات الأكثر شيوعا لداء المبيضات المهبلي بين الفئة العمرية (25-35 سنة) (55.8٪)  الاستنتاجات: حوالي (29٪) من عينة النساء الحوامل كانت مصابة بداء المبيضات المهبلي. وتبين وجود علاقة كبيرة بين  استخدام حبوب منع الحمل، والمضادات الحيوية من قبل الحامل وكذلك اصابتها بداء السكري و زيادة حدوث المرض .

scholarly journals Assessment of developmental outcome of neonatal seizures at NICU of tertiary care centre hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Swati Saral ◽  
Pawan Ghanghoria
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Face ◽  
Centre Hospital

Background: Seizures are relatively common among first month of life. New-born with neonatal seizures are at risk of developmental delay. The objective of this study was to assess the developmental outcome of neonatal seizures and to study the factors associated with delayed developmental outcome in neonatal seizures.Methods: A prospective observational Study was conducted in 71 term and preterm neonates with documented seizure admitted in Medical college hospital, Jabalpur. A predesigned pretested questionnaire was used. The face to face interview technique was used for collection of data by mother, followed by clinical examination of newborn and investigations were done. DDST II was used for developmental assessment of neonates. Results: Neonates with delayed developmental outcome are 42.62%. Delayed developmental outcome is significantly associated with male sex, low birth weight, prematurity and multiple frequencies of seizures.Conclusions: The delayed developmental outcome was high among neonatal seizures. 

scholarly journals Pattern of Congenital Overt and Occult Pediatric Surgical Anomalies in a Tertiary Care Centre Over 5 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Sam Varkey ◽  
Aravind C. S ◽  
Reeti Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Common System ◽  
History Of

ongenital anomalies are important cause of infant and childhood deaths, chronic illness and disability. The proportion of deaths and disability due to congenital anomalies has increased, as deaths due to other diseases have decreased over the years due to better health care. Hence it is essential to have basic epidemiological information of these anomalies. This is a hospital based, cross-sectional, record based study, conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Govt. Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Sample size included 300 children below the age of 12years admitted in the department of pediatric surgery with various major congenital anomalies, over a period of 5 years. More than half of these children were admitted after infancy for treatment, male children were more compared to females. Majority of these children were from low socioeconomic group. Only in 5.6% cases there was a history of consanguineous marriage. In 7.33% there was family history of congenital anomalies. In 32% cases the anomalies were detected in the antenatal period. Most of the anomalies were isolated anomalies. Genitourinary system was the most common system to be involved followed by, gastrointestinal tract. 91.67% children underwent surgical treatment, and only 10.67% children had major complications in postoperative period. This study shows that congenital anomalies are a major cause of hospital admissions in children of all ages. Pattern of anomalies seen in various centers are different. Knowledge of the pattern of congenital anomalies may be useful in planning health services. Keywords: Congenital, Anomalies, Pediatric surgery.

scholarly journals A study of febrile convulsions with a bacteremia incidence in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1885
Author(s):  
Shaik Ateal Saheb
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Febrile Convulsion ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Febrile Convulsions ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epilepsy

Background: A febrile convulsion is linked with high temperature but without significant underlying health issues. These occur most often in children aged six months to five years. Most of the convulsions last less than five minutes, and within an hour of the occurrence, the child is entirely back to normal.Methods: Sixty children aged 3 months to 5 years admitted to the emergency pediatric ward with a history of convulsion fever with convulsions, in Narayana Medical College and Hospital were taken up for the study with clinical history, clinical examination, laboratory Investigations.Results: Among 60 children in the study group, 15 (25%) of them were aged between 3 months to 12 months, 21 (35%) of them were between 13 months to 24 months. Gender 36 (60%) are male children. 24 (40%) are female children. Family history of convulsions was positive in 18 (30%) of the 60 (100%) cases, and 7 had family history of epilepsy. 42 (70%) are negative. Most of the cases (85%) showed no growth in blood culture.Conclusions: Blood culture should be performed in all children by febrile convulsions, especially those under the stage of two years. Streptococcus pneumonia was the organism isolated from respiratory tract infection in a child with febrile convulsion with significant bacteremia. The symptoms that present can be as harmless as rhinorrhea or cough. Children with a positive family history of afebrile convulsion should be closely monitored and test, as they can develop epilepsy later.

scholarly journals When the Disease is Known but the Patient is not. Outcome of 118 such Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-512
Author(s):  
Gaurav Jaiswal ◽  
Praveen Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Vardan Kulshreshtha ◽  
Tarun Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract This is a prospective study, carried out at the Department of Neurosurgery at M.B.G Hospital, R.N.T Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan (India). Many patients with history of trauma with head injury, whose identity cannot be ascertained, are admitted in our hospital. The management of these unattended patients from pre-hospital till discharge, rehabilitation or death is full of difficulties especially when surgical intervention has to be done. From March 16, 2015, until March 30, 2016, 118 consecutive patients unattended patients admitted in our department with history of head injury were enrolled in the study. Out of 118 patients, 107 (91%) were male, most were in the age group of 30-39 years. In majority of patients, 115 (97%) principal cause of head injury was road traffic accident. Majority of the patients 49 (41%) had Glasgow coma scale >13 on admission. Twenty three patients 23 (20%) died in hospital, 71 (60%) patients had good recovery. During the course of treatment identity of 115 patients was established and 92 (78%) patients, who survived were discharged to home. Three (3%) patients were shifted to destitute home. All discharged patients were followed at 1 month and 6 month interval. 78 (82%) & 76 (80%) patients showed good recovery (GOS) at 1 month & 6 month respectively. One patient expired at home within one month of discharge and 6 patients lost to follow up at 6 months.

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