scholarly journals AS SAGRADAS DE ASHERAH: CULTO À DEUSA NO ANTIGO ISRAEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Sue'Hellen Monteiro De Matos
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Ancient Israel

O presente artigo propõe realizar um levantamento acerca do culto da fertilidade e os papéis das sagradas (qedoshot) de Asherah, e também dos sagrados (qedoshim) que faziam parte deste ambiente cultual, tendo em vista a religião popular e estatal no Antigo Israel. Para tal, se faz necessário um breve comentário acerca da dinâmica religião popular x estatal no Antigo Israel e as os indícios arqueológicos e textuais sobre o culto à Deusa Asherah, para que então possamos discorrer sobre o culto da fertilidade e as mulheres sagradas a serviço da Deusa. THE SACREDES OF ASHERAH: WHORSHIP TO THE GODDESS IN ANCIENT ISRAEL The present article proposes to make a survey about the fertility cult and the roles of the women sacred (qedoshot) of Asherah, and also of the men sacred (qedoshim) that were part of this cultic environment, considering the popular and state religion in Ancient Israel. For this, a brief commentary is needed on the dynamics between popular and state religion in Ancient Israel and the archaeological and textual evidence on the worship of the Goddess Asherah, so that one may discuss the fertility cult and the sacred women to service of the Goddess.

Male Obstetric Competence in Ancient Israel

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Makujina
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
Sociological Studies

According to two recent sociological studies on childbirth in the OT, the (androcentric) OT displays both insensitivity to the parturient and ignorance of the basics of parturition. One of the studies specifies that the biblical authors were unaware of the normally presenting fetal member, the head. The present article, however, comes to decidedly different conclusions: 1) the position that the Israelite male was insensitive to women experiencing childbirth either goes beyond the available evidence or is a distortion thereof; 2) both studies overlook information that undermines their conclusions; and 3) the OT authors were sufficiently aware of the fundamentals of childbirth.

Die „Erfindung“ der Barmherzigkeit im Alten Israel. Biblische und nachbiblische Perspektiven

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-306
Author(s):  
Shimon Gesundheit
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One

Abstract For quite a long time it has been part of the opinio communis within Hebrew Bible scholarship that compassion and empathy with persona miserae is in its very meaning invented by Ancient Israel. This view has been challenged by a comparative study of Frank C. Fensham. The present article shows on the one hand that care for the poor, widows and orphans is in fact not innovative. On the other hand, a closer analysis is able to show that the biblical and Jewish care for the strangers, slaves and animals is indeed unique.

Historiography in the Ancient Israel and the Scribes of the King Hezekiah

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-162
Author(s):  
Андрей Выдрин
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
Written Traditions

В настоящей статье анализируются теории о времени возникновения и специфике небиблейской письменности в Древнем Израиле. При этом основное внимание уделяется попытке обнаружить письменные предания, вошедшие и ставшие основой для написания 1-4 Цар. Несмотря на многообразные и зачастую противоречивые теории библейских критиков, рассмотренных в данной работе, есть все основания полагать, что древнеизраильская литература появилась, по крайней мере, при царях Давиде и Соломоне; второй этап её развития был связан с деятельностью иудейского царя Езекии. In the present article analyzes theories about the time of the occurrence and the specifics of non-biblical writing in the Ancient Israel. At the same time, the main attention is paid to the attempt to discover the written traditions that entered and became the basis for writing 1-4 Kings. Despite the diverse and often contradictory theories of biblical critics examined in this work, there is all reason to suppose that the Ancient Israel’ literature appeared, at least during the kings David and Solomon; the second stage of its development was associated with the activities of the Jewish king Hezekiah.

scholarly journals Religion at Kuntillet ʿAjrud

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Smoak ◽  
William Schniedewind
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
Considerable Discussion

The discovery of early Hebrew inscriptions at the site of Kuntillet ʿAjrud has generated considerable discussion among scholars over the past few decades. The fact that the inscriptions contain explicitly religious themes led some to conclude that the site had a cultic function. In the present article, we challenge this assumption and argue that the inscriptions with religious themes are embedded in daily life as religion converges with scribal curriculum in ancient Israel. The inscriptions provide insights into conceptions of the Israelite pantheon, divine theophany, and theomachy in early Israelian religious ideology.

The Twice-Assembled Tabernacle

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-332
Author(s):  
B. E. Bruning
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Hebrew Text ◽  
Second Temple ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Masoretic Text ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Dramatic Difference ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
Old Greek

Exodus 35–40, a text-critical and literary-historical crux, reports the construction of the Tabernacle in two forms, neither of which conforms exactly to the instructions for the Tabernacle that Moses receives in chapters 25–31. The two surviving forms of the construction report differ in both the length and the order of their reports: the shorter form of chapters 35–40, now attested only by the Old Greek (OG) translation of Exodus, and the longer, attested in all known Hebrew manuscripts. The most dramatic difference appears in the two forms of chapters 36–39, the manufacture of the Tabernacle’s components; but a similar pattern is also evident in the two forms of Exodus 40, where the assembly of the Tabernacle is related. In light of the evidence of textual pluriformity of scriptural books in the later Second-Temple claim and increasing scholarly confidence in the testimony of OG translators and its use, many now argue that literary edition, not translation, accounts for the diverging forms of Exodus 35–40. Further examination of Exodus 35–40 in light of this claim remains a desideratum. The present article examines Exodus 40 in its two forms, the shorter in OG and the longer in the Masoretic Text (MT) and the Samaritan Pentateuch (SP), as a means of exploring the implications of the claim that OG and MT (etc.) represent variant literary editions of Hebrew texts of Exodus 35–40. Not only does a shorter Hebrew text of Exodus 40 appear to be both the Vorlage of OG and the basis of a revised, expanded edition now attested in MT and SP, but it also suggests an even earlier form of Exodus 40, part of which is now incorporated into Leviticus 8. Recognition of this multi-stage development of Exodus 40 suggests that an already composite, pre-pentateuchal Tabernacle Account (now found in Exodus–Numbers) stands before the Pentateuch represented by the MT especially in Exodus–Numbers. If so, scholarly accounts of both the composition and the transmission of the Pentateuch – or rather, its composition-and-transmission history – are due significant revision, beginning with reassessment of the textual evidence of the Tabernacle chapters in OG Exodus.

Purity and Pollution in the Hebrew Bible

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitzhaq Feder
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Moral Discourse ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
Ancient Texts

In this book, Yitzhaq Feder presents a novel and compelling account of pollution in ancient Israel, from its emergence as an embodied concept, rooted in physiological experience, to its expression as a pervasive metaphor in social-moral discourse. Feder aims to bring the biblical and ancient Near Eastern evidence into a sustained conversation with anthropological and psychological research through comparison with notions of contagion in other ancient and modern cultural contexts. Showing how numerous interpretive difficulties are the result of imposing modern concepts on the ancient texts, he guides readers through wide-ranging parallels to biblical attitudes in ancient Near Eastern, ethnographic, and modern cultures. Feder demonstrates how contemporary evolutionary and psychological research can be applied to ancient textual evidence. He also suggests a path of synthesis that can move beyond the polarized positions which currently characterize modern academic and popular debates bearing on the roles of biology and culture in shaping human behavior.

›Writing on the Heart‹ in Jeremiah 31:31–34 in Light of Recent Insights into the Oral-Written Interface and Scribal Education in Ancient Israel

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-249
Author(s):  
Joachim J. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Covenant ◽  
Ancient Israel

AbstractThe interpretation of the »new covenant« in Jer 31:31–34 hinges on how to understand Yhwh’s promise to write his Torah on the heart of the Israelites. According to a widely held view, the latter aims at abrogating the institutions of the book of the Torah and its handing down by means of teaching and learning. From this point of view, Jer 31:31–34 seems to exhibit a decidedly anti-Deuteronomistic outlook. In the present article, this view is confronted with more recent insights into the oral-written interface and its role in scribal education, the basic assumption being that such education is the lifeworld presupposition behind the promise of writing on the heart.

The German Post-Critical Belief Scale: Internal and External Validity

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Duriez ◽  
Claudia Appel ◽  
Dirk Hutsebaut
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Present Article ◽  
External Validity ◽  
German Version ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Internal And External Validity

Abstract: Recently, Duriez, Fontaine and Hutsebaut (2000) and Fontaine, Duriez, Luyten and Hutsebaut (2003) constructed the Post-Critical Belief Scale in order to measure the two religiosity dimensions along which Wulff (1991 , 1997 ) summarized the various possible approaches to religion: Exclusion vs. Inclusion of Transcendence and Literal vs. Symbolic. In the present article, the German version of this scale is presented. Results obtained in a heterogeneous German sample (N = 216) suggest that the internal structure of the German version fits the internal structure of the original Dutch version. Moreover, the observed relation between the Literal vs. Symbolic dimension and racism, which was in line with previous studies ( Duriez, in press ), supports the external validity of the German version.

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