scholarly journals Epidemiological study of fatal road traffic accident cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-257
Author(s):  
O Gambhir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The present study is an epidemiological study of fatal Road Traffic (RTA) cases brought and admitted in our tertiary health care centre from Nov 2017 to December 2019. There were 148 fatal RTA cases involving 112 males and 36 female. In the present study males cases outnumbered the female with an approximate male female ratio of 3.1:1. Many cases of fatal head injuries were due to four & two wheelers. Most commonly seen external injuries were abrasions. Lower limbs showed fractured in 31 cases, 20.95%, and upper limbs showed fractured in 22 cases, 14.89%. So, far case fatality is concerned involvement of head plays the most important role.

Epidemiological Study of Road Traffic Accident Cases Attending the Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
Dr. Chhaya Lakhani ◽  
◽  
Dr. Rachana Kapadia ◽  
Dr. Dhara Prajapati ◽  
Dr. A.Bhagyalaxmi Dr. A.Bhagyalaxmi
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Civil Hospital

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Treatment Outcomes of Head Injury in Bangladesh: Perspective from the Largest Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Das ◽  
Bipin Chaurasia ◽  
Dipankar Ghosh ◽  
Asit Chandra Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Economic impact is much worse in developing countries like Bangladesh, as victims are frequently male, productive, and breadwinners of the families. Objectives The objective of our study was to highlight the etiological pattern and distribution of varieties of head injuries in Bangladesh and give recommendations regarding how this problem can be solved or reduce to some extent at least. Methods From January 2017 to December 2019, a total of 14,552 patients presenting with head injury at emergency got admitted in Neurosurgery department of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and were included in this study. Results The most common age group was 21 to 30 years (36%: 5,239) with a male-to-female ratio of 2.6:1. Injury was mostly caused by road traffic accident (RTA [58.3%: 8,484]), followed by fall (25%: 3,638) and history of assault (15.3%: 2,226). The common varieties of head injury were: acute extradural hematoma (AEDH [42.30%: 1,987]), skull fracture either linear or depressed (28.86%: 1,347), acute subdural hematoma (ASDH [12.30%: 574]), brain contusion (10.2%: 476), and others (6.04%: 282). Conclusion RTA is the commonest cause of TBI, and among them motor bike accident is the severe most form of TBI. AEDH is the commonest variety of head injuries. Proper steps taken by the Government, vehicle owners, and drivers, and proper referral system and prompt management in the hospital can reduce the mortality and morbidity from TBI in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Risk Factors, Pattern and Outcome of Motorcycle-associated Head Injury in Sokoto: An Analysis of 184 Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Olayere Obanife ◽  
Nasiru Jinjiri Ismail ◽  
Ali Lasseini ◽  
Bello B. Shehu ◽  
Ega J. Otorkpa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Significant Negative Impact

Abstract Background Road traffic accident (RTA) is the eighth leading cause of death worldwide. Motorcycle-associated head injury is the leading cause of road traffic associated morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Even though the incidence and mortality of head injury from motor cycle crash is on the increase in developing countries, especially in the African continent, most of the studies published in the literature on this subject matter took place in the developed Western countries. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of data from patients managed in our institution between December 2014 and November 2016. Results One hundred and eighty-four patients were analyzed. None of the patients used safety helmet for protection. The mean age was 27.6 ± 17.2 years with male female ratio of 6.7:1. Lone crash by cyclists and collisions accounted for 66.8% and 33.1% of the cases, respectively. Passengers and riders comprised 75% of the patients, while 25% were vulnerable pedestrians. The most frequently abused substance by the patients was tramadol (65.52%). Severe head injury and pupillary abnormality were found in 23.9% and 45.5% of the patients, respectively. Cranial CT scan showed abnormalities in 40.2% of the patients. Surgery was done in 28.3% of the patients with mortality rate of 20.7%. Conclusions The use of motorcycle as a mean of transportation has caused significant negative impact on the society. Young people, who constitute the workforce, are majorly affected, and this invariably leads to a serious economic burden on the concerned families and communities.

FRI-042-Prevalence and male/female ratio of autoimmune liver diseases are increasing over time in Japan: Hospital-based epidemiological study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. e402-e403
Author(s):  
Kosuke Matsumoto ◽  
Atsushi Tanaka ◽  
Mitsuru Mori ◽  
Hiromasa Ohira ◽  
Susumu Tazuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Autoimmune Liver Diseases ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Epidemiological study of road traffic accident cases from Western Nepal

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badrinarayan Mishra ◽  
NidhiD Sinha ◽  
SK Sukhla ◽  
AK Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic

scholarly journals Sex Differences In COVID-19 Mortality In The Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel Niessen ◽  
Anne Teirlinck ◽  
Scott McDonald ◽  
Wim van der Hoek ◽  
Rianne van Gageldonk-Lafeber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Population Mortality

Abstract Introduction: Since the first reports of COVID-19 cases, sex-discrepancies have been reported in COVID-19 mortality. We provide a detailed description of these sex differences in relation to age and comorbidities among notified cases as well as in relation to age and sex specific mortality in the general Dutch population. Methods: Data on COVID-19 cases and mortality until May 31st was extracted from the national surveillance database with exclusion of healthcare workers. Association between sex and case fatality was analyzed with multivariable logistic regression. Subsequently, male-female ratio in standardized mortality ratios and population mortality rates relative to all-cause and infectious diseases-specific mortality were computed stratified by age.Results: Male-female odds ratio for case fatality was 1.33 [95% CI 1.26-1.41] and among hospitalized cases 1.27 [95% CI 1.16-1.40]. This remained significant after adjustment for age and comorbidities. The male-female ratio of the standardized mortality ratio was 1.70 [95%CI 1.62-1.78]. The population mortality rate was 35.1 per 100.000, with a male-female rate ratio of 1.25 (95% CI 1.18-1.31) which was higher than in all-cause and infectious disease mortality.Conclusion: Our study confirms male sex is a predisposing factor for severe outcomes of COVID-19, independent of age and comorbidities. The underlying mechanisms are likely to be COVID-19 specific.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of fractures in indoor patients at a tertiary care centre in India: a study of 3000 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Mohan M. Desai ◽  
Deven R. Kuruwa ◽  
Easwar Elango ◽  
Roshan Wade
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Femur Fractures

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Implementing appropriate fracture control measures and treatment protocols is crucial to maximizing health and development gains. This requires an in depth understanding of age-specific, sex-specific and cause-specific injury patterns at the national and subnational levels. No such study on fracture epidemiology has been undertaken in the Indian population.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>Study was conducted in a tertiary care centre (KEM hospital, Mumbai) which is one of the highest volume trauma centres in the country. Data of 3000 patients was obtained from the medical records department for the year 2016-2019. Patients were segregated with respect to their genders and into three age groups. Etiology of fracture was noted, and fractures classified according to the anatomical area. Whether the patient received conservative or operative management was also recorded.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>43.83% of the fractures occurred in 18-50 years age group. 41.33% in the above 50 group and only 14.73% in the below 18 age group. Overall male to female ratio was 1.4: 1. Vehicular accident was the most common mode of injury (47.07%) followed by fall from height (21.03%). Proximal femur fractures were the most common accounting for 19.57% of all fractures followed by forearm (10.53%), tibia diaphysis (8.10%). Talus was the least common. 81.07% cases were managed operatively and 18.93% conserved.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights that Indian epidemiology is unique from our Western counterparts. Population affected is much younger, old age males are affected more than females. Lower limb fractures are more prevalent and road traffic accidents are responsible for almost half the fractures.</p>

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Impact of Thoracic Trauma on the Mortality of Multi-trauma Patients: Results From a French Road Trauma Registry 1997-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Benhamed ◽  
Amina Ndiaye ◽  
Marcel Emond ◽  
Thomas Lieutaud ◽  
Marion Douplat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Thoracic Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Thoracic Injury ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Abbreviated Injury Scale ◽  
Multiple Rib Fractures

Abstract Thoracic trauma is the third most common cause of death in multi-trauma patients. One of the most frequent mechanism is road traffic accident (RTA). The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of severe (abbreviated injury scale, AIS≥3) injuries in each body region on the mortality of multi-trauma patients with a particular attention to thoracic trauma. We also described the epidemiology and injury pattern of these patients when presenting with at least one AIS ≥2 thoracic injury (AISThorax≥2). Patients included in the Rhône RTA registry between 1997 and 2016, with at least one AIS ≥2 injury in any body region were included. Two subgroups were defined according to whether patients presented at least one AISThorax≥2 injury or not. Multivariate regression analysis with mortality as outcome was performed. A total of 46,526 patients had at least one AIS≥2 injury, among them 6,382 (13.7%) had at least one AISThorax≥2 injury. Severe thoracic injuries (OR=12.2, 95%CI [8.4;17.7]) were strongly associated with death, second to severe head injuries were (OR=26.8, 95%CI [20.4;35.2]). Chest wall injuries were the most frequent thoracic injury (62.1%, n=5,419) and 52.4% of these were multiple rib fractures. Severe thoracic injury is a priority in multi-trauma patients; both in the detection but also in the management.

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