Building a More Resilient and Low-Carbon Caribbean - Report 3: Impact of Subsidized Financing to Support Resilient Buildings in the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed Bailey ◽  
Paola Carvajal ◽  
Javier García Fernández ◽  
Christiaan Gischler ◽  
Carlos Henriquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Climate Events

The Caribbean islands are among the 25 most-vulnerable nations in terms of disasters per-capita or land area, and climate change is only expected to intensify these vulnerabilities. The loss caused by climate events drags the ability of the Caribbean countries to invest in infrastructure and social programs, contributing to slower productivity growth, poorer health outcomes, and lower standards of living. Within this context, building resiliency should become a priority for the Caribbean countries. The series “Building a more resilient and low-carbon Caribbean”, focuses on improving the resiliency, sustainability and decarbonization of the construction industry in the Caribbean. The results show that increasing building resiliency is economically viable for the high-risk islands of the Caribbean, generating long term savings and increasing the infrastructure preparedness to the impacts of CC.

Building a More Resilient and Low-Carbon Caribbean - Report 2: Analysis of the Benefits from Resilient Building Materials and Construction Methods in the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed Bailey ◽  
Paola Carvajal ◽  
Javier García Fernández ◽  
Christiaan Gischler ◽  
Carlos Henriquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Climate Events

The Caribbean islands are among the 25 most-vulnerable nations in terms of disasters per-capita or land area, and climate change is only expected to intensify these vulnerabilities. The loss caused by climate events drags the ability of the Caribbean countries to invest in infrastructure and social programs, contributing to slower productivity growth, poorer health outcomes, and lower standards of living. Within this context, building resiliency should become a priority for the Caribbean countries. The series “Building a more resilient and low-carbon Caribbean”, focuses on improving the resiliency, sustainability and decarbonization of the construction industry in the Caribbean.

Building a more Resilient and Low-Carbon Caribbean - Report 1: Climate Resiliency and Building Materials in the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed Bailey ◽  
Paola Carvajal ◽  
Javier García Fernández ◽  
Christiaan Gischler ◽  
Carlos Henriquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The Caribbean

The Caribbean islands are among the 25 most-vulnerable nations in terms of disasters per-capita or land area, and climate change is only expected to intensify these vulnerabilities. The loss caused by climate events drags the ability of the Caribbean countries to invest in infrastructure and social programs, contributing to slower productivity growth, poorer health outcomes, and lower standards of living. Within this context, building resiliency should become a priority for the Caribbean countries. The series “Building a more resilient and low-carbon Caribbean”, focuses on improving the resiliency, sustainability and decarbonization of the construction industry in the Caribbean. The results show that increasing building resiliency is economically viable for the high-risk islands of the Caribbean, generating long term savings and increasing the infrastructure preparedness to the impacts of CC. Report 1 - Climate Resiliency and Building Materials in the Caribbean, presents a quantification of the economic losses caused by climate impact events in the Caribbean Region and correlate these figures with the most common construction materials, typically used in each of the countries building typologies. The losses caused by hurricanes concentrate mostly in the residential infrastructure and are mainly caused by weaknesses in roofs and their connection to the walls. The analysis suggests that improving the resiliency of outer walls and roofs in the Caribbean could significantly reduce the regions vulnerability to hurricanes and other climate impacts.

scholarly journals NUMERICAL MODELING OF SHORT AND LONG TERM WAVES AND SURGES BY HURRICANE IRMA AND MARIA IN US VIRGIN ISLANDS

2018 ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Nobuhito Mori ◽  
Takenori Shimozono ◽  
Taro Arikawa ◽  
Daisuke Inazu ◽  
Tomoya Shimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Virgin Islands ◽  
Us Virgin Islands ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Hurricane Irma

Two powerful hurricanes successively passed close to US Virgin Islands in September 2017. Hurricane Irma developed into CAT5 with the lowest pressure around 914 hPa on 5th of September and passed north of USVI. Sequentially, CAT5 Hurricane Maria followed the similar track, but passed south of USVI. Two CAT5 hurricanes gave devastated damage along the Caribbean Islands. It is a rare event having two CAT5 with similar tracks within two weeks. This study presents hindcasts of waves and storm surge for the two hurricanes and discusses coastal damages with our survey data targeting on USVI.

Holy Leagues and Unholy Alliances, 1500–1550

The Great Sea ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Abulafia
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Black Death ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Far North ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Mediterranean

The reshaping of the Mediterranean in the wake of the Black Death was a slow process. In addition to political changes within the Mediterranean, notably the expansion of Ottoman power, events taking place beyond the Straits of Gibraltar would, in the long term, greatly transform the life of those who lived on its shores and in its islands. The opening of the Atlantic had already begun in the decade before plague arrived, with voyages down the coast of Africa to the Canary Islands, and it continued with the discovery and settlement of Madeira and the Azores by the Portuguese in the early fifteenth century. As sugar plantations developed on Madeira, it became possible to supply Flanders and other parts of northern Europe directly from the Atlantic with one of the costly products that had previously been obtained within the Mediterranean. By 1482, with the establishment of a Portuguese fortress at São Jorge da Mina (‘the Mine’) in West Africa, not far north of the Equator, gold was beginning to reach Europe without being channelled across the Sahara and through the Muslim ports of the Maghrib; the opening of this Guinea trade compensated for disappointment at the failure of Ceuta to pay for its upkeep. The Atlantic also became a source of slaves for Mediterranean masters: Canary Islanders, Berbers from the opposite shores of Africa and, increasingly, black slaves carried north from the Mine. Many of these eventually reached Valencia, Majorca and other Mediterranean ports, after passing through Lisbon. Then, with Columbus’s entry into the Caribbean islands in October 1492, Castile also acquired a source of precious metal that was ruthlessly exploited by imposing heavy taxes in gold on the Indians, even though they were supposedly free subjects of the Crown. The Genoese, despite their unpopularity in Spain, installed themselves in Seville and, with royal approval, ran the trans-Atlantic trading operations. At the same time, they turned their hands to finance. Turkish pressure on the Genoese possessions in the eastern Mediterranean increased, and so the Genoese allied themselves more insistently with Spain, the power that seemed best able to stand up to the Turks.

Economic and Social Correlates of Suicide in Caribbean Nations

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijou Yang ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Gross National Product ◽  
National Product ◽  
Social Correlates ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Female Suicide ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data

Using data from the 1970s, it was observed that the gross national product per capita was positively associated with male suicide rates in the Caribbean islands, with sociological variables playing a smaller role. In contrast, sociological variables played the more important role in the associations with female suicide rates.

scholarly journals Archaeology of marronage in the Caribbean Antilles

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Theresa Ann Singleton
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Greater Antilles ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Local Term

The archaeological study of maroons in the Caribbean Antilles presents both opportunities and challenges. On small islands, runaways had few places where they could seek refuge from slavery and elude capture for long periods of time. Consequently, such sites were occupied briefly and have been difficult to locate and identify. The Greater Antilles (Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico) had both short-term refuge sites and long-term settlements comparable to quilombos. Archaeologists have been most successful in their investigations maroons in Cuba and Jamaica. In Hispaniola, where I am working at the present, only a few cave sites and one presumed maniel (the local term for a long-term maroon settlements) have been studied. In this paper, I provide an overview of the archaeological study of maroons on the Caribbean Islands and my preliminary research to locate El Maniel de Ocoa, a major settlement of slave runaways for over a hundred years during 1500s-1660s.  

scholarly journals A DIAGNOSIS OF THE LEVEL AND STRUCTURE OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS’ INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Anna Murawska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Consumption Expenditures ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Per Capita

Pursuant to the Strategy of Sustainable Developmentof Rural Areas, Agriculture and Fisheries 2012–2020,one of the long-term objectives of main rural developmentmeasures is to improve the standards of living in rural areas.The purpose of the paper is to diagnose the sources of incomeand the levels and structure of consumption expenditure inrural households in the context of sustainable development,living conditions and quality of life. Relevant data was retrievedfrom household budget studies, statistical yearbooksand other works. The study period was 2000–2015. Statistical,descriptive and comparative methods were used in theanalyses. Structure indicators, measures of position, growthrates and variability indexes were presented. According tothe analyses, the rural households’ average monthly disposableincome per capita more than doubled over the 2000–2015period. However, rural incomes continue to be only 50% ofthose earned in large cities. The level of income is determinantfor consumption expenditures. The largest amounts of moneyare spent on food, beverages and housing, as well as on energyand transport, as far as services are concerned.

Russian low carbon development strategy

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-74
Author(s):  
I. A. Bashmakov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Emission Mitigation ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scenario Projections

The article presents the key results of scenario projections that underpinned the Strategy for long-term low carbon economic development of the Russian Federation to 2050, including analysis of potential Russia’s GHG emission mitigation commitments to 2050 and assessment of relevant costs, benefits, and implications for Russia’s GDP. Low carbon transformation of the Russian economy is presented as a potential driver for economic growth that offers trillions-of-dollars-worth market niches for low carbon products by mid-21st century. Transition to low carbon economic growth is irreversible. Lagging behind in this technological race entails a security risk and technological backwardness hazards.

The Reproduction Vector of the Russian Economy: 1999-2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Developed Countries

The problem of the Russian economy’s growth rates is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s backwardness regarding GDP per capita in comparison with the developed countries. The author stresses the urgency of modernization of the real sector of the economy and the recovery of the country’s human capital. For reaching these goals short- or mid-term programs are not sufficient. Economic policy needs a long-term (15-20 years) strategy, otherwise Russia will be condemned to economic inertia and multiplying structural disproportions.

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