THE DYNAMICS OF ENDEGENOUS HORMONES ACTIVITY IN PLANT LEAVES DEPENDING ON THE ALTITUDE OF THEIR GROWING

The hormonal response of cultivated and wild plants to high intensity of UV-radiation and other stress factors of the highlands was studied. The activity of auxins and growth inhibitors substances in wheat (Triticum aеstivum L), barley (Hordium vulgare L), horse bean (Vicia faba L), and eurotia (Ceratoides papposa) leaves, that grew in a field condition were analyzed at different stages of development, using thin-layer chromatography and bioassay. The leaves of cultivated plants (2320 and 2700 m above the sea level) and wild plants (2320 and 4000 m above the sea level) were collected at two elevations in Pamir highland (Tajikistan). The level of auxin activity at the beginning of ontogenesis in plant leaves that grew at both elevations was relatively higher in comparison with the activity of growth inhibitors. However, at the end of the vegetation period an increase in growth inhibitor activity was observed in plant leaves at both elevations. Increasing of the total auxin activity in plants was observed at low altitude compared to higher. Conversely, the activity of growth inhibitors substances increased in plants that grow at higher elevations.

Effect of Indoor Air Pollution on Acute Respiratory Infection among Children in India

Indoor Air Pollution (IAP) has become a major concern in India in recent years because women and young children are highly exposed to smoke of various types of unclean fuels used for cooking and heating in the household result into risk of respiratory disorders among them. The paper aims to seek association between prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) among children less than five years of age and use of cooking fuels in households of India. The analysis is based on 52,868 Children less than five years of age included in India's third National Family Health Survey conducted in 2005-2006. Effects of exposure to cooking smoke, determined by the type of fuel used for cooking such as biomass and solid fuels versus cleaner fuels, on the reported prevalence of ARI were estimated using multivariate logistic regression. Since the effects of cooking smoke are likely to be confounded with effects of tobacco smoking, age, and other such factors, the analysis was carried out after statistically controlling for such factors. The results indicate that Children under five years of age living in households using biomass and solid fuels have a significantly higher risk of ARI than those living in households using cleaner fuels (OR: 1.54; 95%CI: 1.38-1.72; p = .010). The findings have important program and policy implications for countries such as India, where large proportions of the population still rely on polluting biomass fuels for cooking and heating. Decreasing household biomass and solid fuel use and increasing use of improved stove technology may decrease the health effects of indoor air pollution. More epidemiological research with better measures of smoke exposure and clinical measures of ARI is needed to validate the findings.

THE REPRESENTATION OF THE WOMAN IN THE MEDIA DISCOURSE IN ALBANIA

In the Albanian society, gender differences remain even though several initiatives of national and international authorities aim to eliminate stereotyping related to gender differences. In this context, media can and must be , the most essential contributor towards improving women’s status. Media, through its power, can greatly influence public opinion by orienting the information the public receives and how the public should thinks. This approach in communication science is part of the “framing” theory, which is related to agenda setting. The research question raised in this paper is about how the woman is represented in the written media in Albania. Are the stereotypes created by society reinforced by the printed media? The methodology used in this study involves discourse analyses of the printed media, specifically the independent newspapers during October 2012. The findings of this study explain that, while the press brands the woman, representation enforces her stereotype.

THE DEFINITION AND IMPORTANCE OF LOCAL GOVERNANCE

There is no precise and universal definition about what is administrative law, but rationally it can be determined that covers the organization, functions, duties and responsibilities of public authorities of all kinds who take part in the administration, relations between them and citizens or between them and non-governmental bodies. It defines legal methods for controlling public administration as well as the rights and duties of officials. We must say that administrative law theory over time has slipped into a legitimate model that underlies the political control of the administrative policy. It must be admitted that the role played by political decision making in administrative ones has greatly increased, viewed from the perspective of a very questionable democratic theory. According to legal positivism or Hart defined by Kant, the most important moral principles between standarts are identified as governing laws. So we first have the social fact, and this fact can be then a law. Thus was born the administrative law as a social fact. So a rule, can be turned into a law, welcomed by all the society. From the administrative law it was defined the local governance definition. The existence of modern already legal positivism, which enables morality or political morality to return to positive law through several methods become an inclusive part of a set of naturally beliefs.

CHARACTERISTICS OF LOCAL GOVERNANCE AFTER 1912 IN ALBANIA

After declaring its independence in 1912, the Albanian state was recognized as such by the great powers only in 1913, during the Peace Conference in London, where besides the important fact of the de jure recognition of Albania as a state in the international arena, it was territorially disintegrated, where more than half of its territories remain outside of the state borders. In the Organic Statute of Albania, Albania was formed as a constitutional pricipality and hereditary sovereign under the guarantee of six major international states. If the aforementioned Statute, Chapter VI defines the organization of local administration in Albania. We can see for the first time a juridical status of local government in Albania to the most important document of the time. Based on Article 95 of the Statute, Albania was divided into seven sanjaks (units), these were divided in Kaza, and these latter in Nahije. Remaining from the Ottoman conquest of how organized and label, Sanjaks were those of Shkodra, Elbasan, Dibra, Durres, Berat, Korca and Gjirokastra. Regarding the analysis of the organization of local government, as we shall see below, this model is a remnant of the Turkish invaders organization and does not bring any innovation regarding the organization in this period. Such a form of organization had itself the Turkish Empire, which brought in Albania together with the process of invasion for centuries.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL REFORM FOR A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY IN ALBANIA.

One of the main requirements of the European Union for countries that want to integrate this supra-national body, is the creation of large administrative units, in order to absorb easily and efficiently the funds obtained from pre-accession scheme. Through this reform it is meant to be achieved a good management of allocated funds regarding the socio-economic development of the countries.Given that the old territorial-administrative system that existed until 2014 when was adopted the new reform, had created imbalance between the development of regions and local units, unnecessary high costs merely used for operative expenses and staff salaries, not functioning properly of the local units and above all lack of public services delivery to citizens. As a result it was necessary to undertake a new reform where would be offered a new model of efficient organization.The goal of reform should be the creation of local communities with a strong autonomy, capable of having the necessary capabilities and tools to encourage local development in all its aspects. In connection with the need for undertaking such a reform and its impact on the economy was agreed between political parties and throughout civil society. Problems and disputes between the parties began regarding the modus operandi of the drafting and implementation of the reform. In this paper I will show how the new territorial-administrative reform was drafted and adapted. The problems behind the theoretical drafting and putting it in practice. The impact in the development of the economy.

International legal cooperation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the cultural and humanitarian spheres – important part of international relations

The article is devoted to the International legal cooperation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the cultural and humanitarian spheres. Analysis of the influence of the cultural and humanitarian spheres in the international relations of the states, including Uzbekistan, was carried out in the article. Additionally, more and more growing role of the so-called “culture factor” in the international politics is discussed in it. The analysis is based on the legal base of the Republic of Uzbekistan, international legal documents, research works of domestic and foreign scholars in such areas as culture, education, science, tourism and medical science.

IMPOLITENESS IN: “A 14 YEAR OLD GROOM” BY ANDON Z. ÇAJUPI

Various studies have been carried out on The Impoliteness Theory, in various contexts as well as in works of art where dialogue is present. One reason why it is considered as a source of humor would be the fact that it encourages willingness to read, another reason would be the fact that characters appear with a variety of behaviors, alongside Politeness we meet Impoliteness. This paper aims to analyze the dialogue between Tana and Kote, two female characters from “A 14 year old groom” written by Andon Z. Çajupi . The Impoliteness super strategies, the face threatening acts, the fulfillment of Grice’s Cooperation Maxims, turn- taking in dialog, the sentence structures and the lexical units will serve as the basis for this analysis. Through the dialogue analysis of these two characters, it is seen how the Impoliteness is realized in the works of the Albanian author and the other dimensions of the characters’ behavior it provides us with, adding thus to the totality of a characters’ behavior.

MONITORING OF THE EDUCATIONAL ADULT CENTER: SEEKING WAYS FOR IMPROVING THE ACTIVITY WITH PEOPLE OF "THE THIRD AGE"

The authors discuss the experience of the educational adult center in the context of the idea - "education throughout the life". In the frame of the last three years the Centre organized the monitoring and analytical work to create a system of education and finding ways to improve the efficiency of working with people of "the third age". The article presents the facts and analytical conclusions on the results of the monitoring.