scholarly journals Essentialism in Environmental Psychology: Controversies and Evidence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lewicka
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Environmental Psychology ◽  
Environmental Studies ◽  
Environmental Perception ◽  
Psychological Essentialism ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Findings

This paper deals with the issue of psychological essentialism as present in environmental studies. The essentialist belief—that is, the assumption that things have a deep essence that defines their stable identity—has been a recurring theme in environmental psychology. In this paper, I show its relevance for such research areas as environmental perception and the concept of place as a meaningful location. I show that essentialism underlies early phenomenological theories of place and is present in contemporary biophilic theories of environmental perception. I discuss relevant theories and present research findings that justify the claim that people are psychological essentialists when dealing with the physical built environment.

scholarly journals Energy efficiency behaviour in the built environment—an assessment of current evaluation practices in the Nordic countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Johansson ◽  
Niko Gentile ◽  
Lena Neij
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Environmental Psychology ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Evaluation Practices ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

AbstractBehavioural change is expected to play a significant role in the transformation to a more energy efficient built environment. Despite this, current evaluation practice of interventions often overlook behavioural aspects in their ambition of advancing our knowledge on transformative change. Moreover, little attention is paid to how different research perspectives on human behaviour can complement each other in providing a broader scope and deeper understanding of behavioural change. In this study, we acknowledge this gap, and assess the current evaluation practices on behaviour. The focus is on energy efficiency in the built environment in the Nordic countries, and evaluations undertaken by researchers. The assessment shows that the Nordic evaluations apply a variety of disciplinary approaches, but have only to a limited extent addressed a psychological understanding of individual behaviour and behavioural change. We analyse and discuss the potential contribution of environmental psychology in strengthening a cross disciplinary evaluation approach. In all, the results indicate the value of also adding environmental psychology, to provide a stronger cross disciplinary understanding of behavioural change, and the need to coordinate and combine evaluations departing from different disciplinary approaches, to improve understanding of the transformational process.

Facilitating Collaboration

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Lazareva ◽  
Bjørn Erik Munkvold
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Computer Supported Collaborative Learning ◽  
Collaboration Engineering ◽  
Collaborative Groups ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Collaboration Script ◽  
Potential Synergy ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Instructor Role

This article explores the potential synergy between computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) and collaboration engineering (CE). Both areas pursue the goal of understanding how to manage interactions in collaborative groups to achieve shared understanding, reduce process losses, and improve performance. By analyzing the research in the two areas, the authors identify several topics where exchange of research findings would be of mutual benefit. For example, research on CE can inform collaboration script research on reducing learners' cognitive load, providing sufficient guidance on the use of tools, and specifying the instructor role during the collaborative learning process. Similarly, collaboration script research can provide useful insights to CE on the appropriation and internalization of effective support strategies. CE research could also learn from script research on training group participants into specific roles. Further challenges include designing scripts that balance restrictiveness and flexibility and refining the theoretical foundation of the two research areas.

scholarly journals Atmospherics and the establishment of long-term customer relationships in a retail environment

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-343
Author(s):  
I. Olivier ◽  
M. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Psychology ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors

With the current focus on establishing long-tenn customer relationships, the enhancement of the entire shopping experience and the role of atmosphere and the emotional reactions it elicits, are becoming increasingly important. Determining the factors that contribute to the creation of pleasant or unpleasant shopping experiences can influence future strategic planning. The focus of this study falls on the way that the physical environmental factors of a store, more specifically the environmental odour, affect consumers' emotional responses. This is discussed on the basis of environmental psychology, using certain research findings as well as theoretical models to shed more light on this topic.

Bias blockers and resilience builders

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Petrina Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Workplace Interventions ◽  
Women In The Workplace ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Successful Women

This extended abstract shares research factors that affect gender equity in the workplace, along with subsequent workplace interventions that have been trialed at Santos to address the research findings. A collaborative initiative between several leading universities and companies across a range of industries was established to identify challenges associated with gender representation in the workforce. A number of key research areas were focused on, including bias and its effects on gender equity, resilience in the workplace, and factors that affect retention and attrition of women in the workplace. Findings Unconscious and conscious bias needs to be tackled directly and through open intervention. Bias in manifested in judgments and decision-making that affect women's working conditions. Removing biased decision-making through awareness programs, education and direct challenge has a positive impact on diversity and productivity. Resilience builders can differ by gender. Interventions in the workplace to build resilience for women need to include confidence building. Successful women can suffer confidence crises as often as less successful women. Women are more likely to establish the confidence needed to be resilient in organisations when there is a culture of psychological flexibility. This extended abstract will share the application of the research findings to the Santos workplace. For example, how decision making and bias training at Santos has assisted a broad range of disciplines, and what effect resilience-building strategies have had on productivity and culture.

scholarly journals Viruses in the Built Environment (VIBE) meeting report

Microbiome ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Prussin ◽  
Jessica A. Belser ◽  
Werner Bischoff ◽  
Scott T. Kelley ◽  
Kaisen Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Meeting Report ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Viral Communities ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Background During a period of rapid growth in our understanding of the microbiology of the built environment in recent years, the majority of research has focused on bacteria and fungi. Viruses, while probably as numerous, have received less attention. In response, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation supported a workshop entitled “Viruses in the Built Environment (VIBE),” at which experts in environmental engineering, environmental microbiology, epidemiology, infection prevention, fluid dynamics, occupational health, metagenomics, and virology convened to synthesize recent advances and identify key research questions and knowledge gaps regarding viruses in the built environment. Results Four primary research areas and funding priorities were identified. First, a better understanding of viral communities in the built environment is needed, specifically which viruses are present and their sources, spatial and temporal dynamics, and interactions with bacteria. Second, more information is needed about viruses and health, including viral transmission in the built environment, the relationship between virus detection and exposure, and the definition of a healthy virome. The third research priority is to identify and evaluate interventions for controlling viruses and the virome in the built environment. This encompasses interactions among viruses, buildings, and occupants. Finally, to overcome the challenge of working with viruses, workshop participants emphasized that improved sampling methods, laboratory techniques, and bioinformatics approaches are needed to advance understanding of viruses in the built environment. Conclusions We hope that identifying these key questions and knowledge gaps will engage other investigators and funding agencies to spur future research on the highly interdisciplinary topic of viruses in the built environment. There are numerous opportunities to advance knowledge, as many topics remain underexplored compared to our understanding of bacteria and fungi.

Mitigating climate change in the building sector

Facilities ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 342-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick T.I. Lam ◽  
Edwin H.W. Chan ◽  
Ann T.W. Yu ◽  
Wynn C.N. Cam ◽  
Jack S. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Facilities Management ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Uk

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate how unique features of built facilities would affect the application of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions trading, and to explore what adaptive measures may be taken for emissions trading to be applied to the built environment. Emissions trading is a financial tool to encourage GHG emissions reduction in various industries. As the building sector is responsible for a large amount of GHG emissions, it is valuable to explore the application of emissions trading in built facilities. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on a comparative study reviewing the current emissions trading schemes (ETSs) in Australia, Japan and the UK covering the building industry, and to evaluate the approaches adopted by the schemes to tackle the problems related to buildings and facilities management. Findings – The research findings reveal that the small energy savings of individual building units, the large variety of energy-saving technologies and the split incentives and diverse interests of building owners and tenants would be the barriers hindering the development of emissions trading. To overcome these barriers, an ETS should allow its participants to group individual energy savings, lower the complexity of monitoring and reporting approaches and allow owners and tenants to benefit from emissions trading. Originality/value – This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current emissions trading practices in the built environment. Besides, it raises the attention and consciousness of policymakers to the need that building characteristics and facilities management should be taken into consideration when designing an ETS for the building sector.

scholarly journals Short-Term Prediction of Demand for Ride-Hailing Services: A Deep Learning Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Chen ◽  
Piyushimita Vonu Thakuriah ◽  
Konstantinos Ampountolas
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Demand Prediction ◽  
Research Areas

AbstractAs ride-hailing services become increasingly popular, being able to accurately predict demand for such services can help operators efficiently allocate drivers to customers, and reduce idle time, improve traffic congestion, and enhance the passenger experience. This paper proposes UberNet, a deep learning convolutional neural network for short-time prediction of demand for ride-hailing services. Exploiting traditional time series approaches for this problem is challenging due to strong surges and declines in pickups, as well as spatial concentrations of demand. This leads to pickup patterns that are unevenly distributed over time and space. UberNet employs a multivariate framework that utilises a number of temporal and spatial features that have been found in the literature to explain demand for ride-hailing services. Specifically, the proposed model includes two sub-networks that aim to encode the source series of various features and decode the predicting series, respectively. To assess the performance and effectiveness of UberNet, we use 9 months of Uber pickup data in 2014 and 28 spatial and temporal features from New York City. We use a number of features suggested by the transport operations and travel behaviour research areas as being relevant to passenger demand prediction, e.g., weather, temporal factors, socioeconomic and demographics characteristics, as well as travel-to-work, built environment and social factors such as crime level, within a multivariate framework, that leads to operational and policy insights for multiple communities: the ride-hailing operator, passengers, third-part location-based service providers and revenue opportunities to drivers, and transport operators such as road traffic authorities, and public transport agencies. By comparing the performance of UberNet with several other approaches, we show that the prediction quality of the model is highly competitive. Further, Ubernet’s prediction performance is better when using economic, social and built environment features. This suggests that Ubernet is more naturally suited to including complex motivators of travel behavior in making real-time demand predictions for ride-hailing services.

scholarly journals Poles together

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-333
Author(s):  
W. F. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Vital Interest ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Biological Impacts ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic

In March 1993 the Atmospheric Environment Service's monitoring network across Canada registered ground-level fluxes of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR) that were the highest on record. This effect was correlated with the spring-time depletion of ozone in the northern upper atmosphere, and AES predicted that the average depletion over Canada could be this severe or worse for the next 15–20 years. These reports heightened awareness amongst the Canadian public as well as the scientific community about the Antarctic ozone hole, and about the most recent UVBR and atmospheric research findings from Antarctica. The causes and biological impacts of high latitude ozone depletion is but one example where information derived from one polar zone is of vital interest to those living in, or otherwise concerned with the other. In this and other research areas the time is appropriate for a bipolar perspective on Antarctica.

Drug abuse and developmental psychopathology

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEYER D. GLANTZ ◽  
ALAN I. LESHNER
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Findings

Drug abuse research and theory has become much more sophisticated over the last 2 decades, and some of the advancements parallel concepts that are part of the developmental psychopathology approach. The application of the developmental psychopathology perspective to recent drug abuse research findings can provide a greater understanding of that information and point to important areas of future research. Among the drug abuse research areas discussed here and viewed from this perspective are antecedent and co-occurring psychopathological conditions and other problem behaviors; the diversity of the nature of, paths to, and processes and outcomes related to drug abuse; the role of intermediary influences; the interaction of individual and environmental predisposing and protective factors; the role of families and other social institutions in intervention; and developmental stage characteristics. Directions for future research are also discussed.

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