scholarly journals New Onset Diabetes after Transplant – Risk Factors, Clinical Profile and Outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Sakthirajan R ◽  
Dhanapriya J ◽  
Dineshkumar T ◽  
Balasubramaniyan T ◽  
Gopalakrishnan N ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Family History ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Onset

Background: New onset diabetes after transplant (NODAT) remains one among the significant threats to both renal allograft and patient survival. The aim of this study was to analyse the clinical profile and risk factors for NODAT.Methods: This prospective observational study involved patients who underwent renal transplantation in our centre between 2010 and 2015.Results: During the mean follow up period of 18 ± 6 months, incidence of NODAT was 26.6% and the cumulativeincidence was highest in the first year after transplant. Recipient age, pre transplant impaired fasting glucose, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, family history of diabetes, tacrolimus, post transplant hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome were found to be statistically significant risk factors for NODAT. In Cox multivariate regression analysis, age and family history of diabetes were found to be independent risk factors for NODAT. Fasting C-peptide level underlines insulin resistance as predominant mechanism for NODAT in two third of patients. There were higher incidence of urinary tract infection in the NODAT patients. NODAT was found to be an independent risk factor for fungal infection and 10 year cardiovascular risk in the renal recipients. There was no significant impact of NODAT on short term graft and patient survival.Conclusion: Age, pre-transplant fasting blood glucose, family history of diabetes, HCV infection and tacrolimus were found to be the important risk factors, with insulin resistance as the predominant mechanism for NODAT.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors for Glucose Intolerance among Saudi Women with Gestational Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayfaa Wahabi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Objectives. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of glucose intolerance one year after delivery in women with gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods. All women who had GDM and completed one year since delivery at King Khalid University Hospital were contacted to participate in the study. Based on to the American Diabetes Association criteria and the results of fasting blood glucose (FPG) and HbA1c, participants were classified into three groups: diabetic, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and normal. The incidence of diabetes and IGT was calculated. Clinical, biochemical, and sociodemographic predictors of glucose intolerance were compared between the three groups. Odds ratio (OR) for risk factors with P value less than 0.05 was calculated. Results. From a total 316 eligible women, 133 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. From the study participants, 58 (44%) women were normoglycemic, 60 (45%) women had IGT, and 15 (11%) women were diabetic. The odds of developing IGT or diabetes increased to nearly fourfold when women needed insulin for the control of GDM during pregnancy (OR 3.8, 95% CI 0.81–18.3, P=0.08) and to nearly one-and-a-half-fold when they have positive family history of T2DM (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.74–2.09, P=0.40). Nevertheless, none of the odds ratios was statistically significant. Conclusion. The incidence of postpartum hyperglycemia (diabetes and IGT) is very high in Saudi women with GDM. Family history of diabetes and insulin treatment of GDM may be predictors of postpartum hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals Assessing Factors Related to Waist Circumference and Obesity: Application of a Latent Variable Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Dalvand ◽  
Jalil Koohpayehzadeh ◽  
Masoud Karimlou ◽  
Fereshteh Asgari ◽  
Ali Rafei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Latent Variable Model ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background. Because the use of BMI (Body Mass Index) alone as a measure of adiposity has been criticized, in the present study our aim was to fit a latent variable model to simultaneously examine the factors that affect waist circumference (continuous outcome) and obesity (binary outcome) among Iranian adults.Methods. Data included 18,990 Iranian individuals aged 20–65 years that are derived from the third National Survey of Noncommunicable Diseases Risk Factors in Iran. Using latent variable model, we estimated the relation of two correlated responses (waist circumference and obesity) with independent variables including age, gender, PR (Place of Residence), PA (physical activity), smoking status, SBP (Systolic Blood Pressure), DBP (Diastolic Blood Pressure), CHOL (cholesterol), FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose), diabetes, and FHD (family history of diabetes).Results. All variables were related to both obesity and waist circumference (WC). Older age, female sex, being an urban resident, physical inactivity, nonsmoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, diabetes, and having family history of diabetes were significant risk factors that increased WC and obesity.Conclusions. Findings from this study of Iranian adult settings offer more insights into factors associated with high WC and high prevalence of obesity in this population.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Hyperglycemia among Stroke Patients: Preliminary Findings

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Iyad Ali ◽  
Mahmoud Abuissa ◽  
Anan Alawneh ◽  
Omar Subeh ◽  
Ahmad Abu Sneineh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
History Of

Background/Aim. Stroke or cerebrovascular accident is defined as sudden or sub acute onset of focal neurologic deficit, caused by the interruption of blood flow to parts of the brain. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia among stroke patients in Palestine. Materials and Methods. A total of 70 patients with stroke were included in a cross-sectional study between November 2017 and February 2018. Stroke patients were diagnosed based on a CT scan reviewed by a neurologist. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure the lipid profile (cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triacylglycerol (TAG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL)), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. An interview-based questionnaire, included background data, past medical history, family history, and other risk factors for stroke, was filled for each patient. Results. Based on our results, 28.57% of patients had high LDL, 17.1% had high cholesterol, 15.7% had high TAG and 61.3% had low HDL. About half of the patients (51.4%) had abnormal HbA1c and abnormal FBG (52.8%). The majority (67.1%) of patients were males, whereas, 11% of patients were obese (BMI of more than 30 kg/m2) and 51.4% were smokers. Regarding the family history of diseases, 81% of patients had a family history of hypertension, 50% had a family history of stroke, and 58% had a family history of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion. Male gender and smoking were most likely to increase the risk of stroke. Risk factors like low HDL, high LDL, high FBG, high HbA1c, and hypertension contribute substantially to the incidence of stroke. A family history of stroke, hypertension and diabetes were significant risk factors for stroke.

scholarly journals Incidence of diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in the adult population of the Basque country, Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Urrutia ◽  
◽  
Alicia Martín-Nieto ◽  
Rosa Martínez ◽  
J Oriol Casanovas-Marsal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the Basque Country and the risk factors involved in the disease by reassessing an adult population after 7 years of follow-up. In the previous prevalence study, 847 people older than 18 years were randomly selected from all over the Basque Country and were invited to answer a medical questionnaire, followed by a physical examination and an oral glucose tolerance test. In the reassessment, the same variables were collected and the resulting cohort comprised 517 individuals of whom 43 had diabetes at baseline. The cumulative incidence of diabetes was 4.64% in 7 years and the raw incidence rate was 6.56 cases/1000 person-years (95%CI: 4.11–9.93). Among the incident cases, 59% were undiagnosed. The most strongly associated markers by univariate analyses were age > 60 years, dyslipidaemia, prediabetes and insulin resistance. We also found association with hypertension, obesity, family history of diabetes and low education level. Multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex showed that a set of risk factors assessed together (dyslipidaemia, waist-to-hip-ratio and family history of diabetes) had great predictive value (AUC-ROC = 0.899, 95%CI: 0.846–0.953, p = 0.942), which suggests the need for early intervention before the onset of prediabetes.

scholarly journals POS0727 INSULIN RESISTANCE AND LEPTIN LEVELS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS OR FASTING HYPERGLYCEMIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 613.2-614
Author(s):  
L. Kondrateva ◽  
T. Panafidina ◽  
T. Popkova ◽  
M. Cherkasova ◽  
A. Lila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Categories ◽  
Group 1

Background:Insulin resistance (IR) is considered as initial stage of diseases continuum from development of prediabetes to eventual progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Individuals with prediabetes have also elevated leptin levels, so this adipocytokine along with IR can be considered as predictive laboratory markers of higher risk of T2DM. It is not yet clear whether presence of individual or multiple SLE-related and/or known traditional risk factors of T2DM (such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, family history of diabetes, or being overweight) can precipitate the development of IR.Objectives:To analyze the relationship between IR and increasing leptin levels rates. To identify the presence and evaluate the potential role of traditional and disease-related risk factors for IR in SLE patients without T2DM or hyperglycemia.Methods:A total of 49 SLE pts (46 women, 3 men, 40 [33;48] years old) without established DM and with normal fasting glucose levels (<6,1 mmol/l) were enrolled in the study. Median disease duration was 3,0[0,7;8,0] years, SLEDAI-2K was 5[2;8]. SLE pts were treated with glucocorticoids (GC) (84%), hydroxychloroquine (78%), immunosuppressive drugs (20%) and biological agents (10%). Insulin levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence assay Elecsys (Roche Diagnostics), serum leptin concentrations were estimated using ELISA (DBS-Diagnostics Biochem Canada Inc.). IR was defined as Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index (HOMA-IR) ≥2,77. Leptin levels were considered elevated at values ≥11,1 ng/ml for women, ≥5.6 ng/ml for men. Eight traditional T2DM risk factors from the FINDRISK (Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Form) questionnaire (older age, being overweight, abdominal obesity, family history of diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, lack of regular dietary fiber intake, taking antihypertensive medications as a surrogate marker of high blood pressure, documented episodes of hyperglycemia) were evaluated. This study used 5 risk categories for developing T2DM proposed by FINDRISK questionnaire: low, slightly elevated, moderate, high or very high.Results:Median HOMA-IR levels were 1,7 [1,2;2,5]. HOMA-IR correlated with leptin levels (r=0,7, p<0,001), body mass index (BMI) (r=0,6, p<0,001), waist circumference (WC) (r=0,5, p<0,001), T2DM risk categories by FINDRISK (r=0,3, p=0,03), SLEDAI-2K (r= -0,4, p<0,01), and duration of GCs therapy (r=0,3, p=0,03). Current GC use had no influence on HOMA-IR in SLE. IR was detected in 10 (20%) SLE pts. The traditional T2DM risk factors profiles were similar in pts with (Group 1) or without IR (Group 2) except for higher anthropometric parameters in group 1 (for BMI 27,2[24,8;32,2]kg/m2 vs 23,7[20,6;26,7]kg/m2, p<0,01; for WC: 93[86;102]cm vs 83[76;93]cm, p=0,02). Leptin levels were also higher in SLE pts with IR compared to pts without IR (74,2[30,4;112,7]ng/ml vs 25,0[6,7;42,4]ng/ml, p<0,01). Increased leptin levels were found in 35 (71%) pts, more often in pts with IR (100 vs 64%, p=0,04).Conclusion:IR was found in 20% of SLE pts without T2DM having normal serum fasting glucose concentration. Emergence of IR was commonly preceded by increased leptin levels. IR values were closely associated with accumulation of adipose tissue facilitated by long-term GCs use and disease activity decrease. Contribution of other traditional risk factors of T2DM seemed insignificant.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Differing Contributions of Classical Risk Factors to Type 2 Diabetes in Multi-Ethnic Malaysian Populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2813
Author(s):  
Noraidatulakma Abdullah ◽  
Nor Abdul Murad ◽  
John Attia ◽  
Christopher Oldmeadow ◽  
Mohd Kamaruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is escalating rapidly in Asian countries, with the rapid increase likely attributable to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. Recent research suggests that common genetic risk variants contribute minimally to the rapidly rising prevalence. Rather, recent changes in dietary patterns and physical activity may be more important. This nested case-control study assessed the association and predictive utility of type 2 diabetes lifestyle risk factors in participants from Malaysia, an understudied Asian population with comparatively high disease prevalence. The study sample comprised 4077 participants from The Malaysian Cohort project and included sub-samples from the three major ancestral groups: Malay (n = 1323), Chinese (n = 1344) and Indian (n = 1410). Association of lifestyle factors with type 2 diabetes was assessed within and across ancestral groups using logistic regression. Predictive utility was quantified and compared between groups using the Area Under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). In predictive models including age, gender, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, location, family history of diabetes and average sleep duration, the AUC ranged from 0.76 to 0.85 across groups and was significantly higher in Chinese than Malays or Indians, likely reflecting anthropometric differences. This study suggests that obesity, advancing age, a family history of diabetes and living in a rural area are important drivers of the escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia.

scholarly journals The prevalence of insulin resistance in patients with β -thalassemia major at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Caroline Mulawi ◽  
Bambang Tridjaja ◽  
Maria Abdulsalam ◽  
Zakiudin Munasir
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Family History ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background Diabetes mellitus is a common complication in pa-tients with thalassemia major. Iron overload plays an important roleby damaging the pancreatic β-cell and the liver cell, with the con-sequences of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. Family his-tory of diabetes mellitus is one of the critical factors for the devel-opment of glucose metabolism derangement. However, the patho-genesis of glucose metabolism derangement remains unclear.Objective To evaluate the prevalence of impaired glucose toler-ance, diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance in patients with β-thalassemia major treated in the Thalassemia Outpatient Clinic,Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital,Jakarta.Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study conductedin May 2002. Forty-eight subjects aged 10 to 18 years, grouped bytotal volume of transfusions and family history of diabetes mellitus,underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum transfer-rin saturation, and insulin level examinations. Insulin resistancewas calculated from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concen-trations using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).Results One of 48 patients (2%) had impaired glucose toleranceat the age of 17 years. Diabetes mellitus occurred in three of 48patients (6%) at the age of 15.5 years in one patient and 18 yearsin two patients. Family history of diabetes mellitus was found in 2patients with diabetes mellitus and in the only one with impairedglucose tolerance. Insulin resistance was not detected in this study.Conclusion The prevalence of glucose metabolism derangementin patients with thalassemia major was low. No insulin resistancewas found in this study

scholarly journals Family History of Diabetes, Awareness of Risk Factors, and Health Behaviors Among African Americans

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kesha Baptiste-Roberts ◽  
Tiffany L. Gary ◽  
Gloria L.A. Beckles ◽  
Edward W. Gregg ◽  
Michelle Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of
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