scholarly journals Analysis of Mechanical Performance of Bitumen Modified with Waste Plastic and Rubber Additives by Rheology and Self Diffusion NMR Experiments

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Caputo ◽  
M. Porto ◽  
V. Loise ◽  
B. Teltayev ◽  
C. Oliviero Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

In this study, the mechanical and physico-chemical properties of a new kind of modified bitumen are presented. The bituminous binders have been modified in order to understand the effect on the structural properties of several compounds such as a Polymer elastomer as Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Polymer thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) and a waste plastic (Waste PP). Laboratory tests have been focused on the characterization of bitumen modified with single product and their binary combinations compared with pristine binder as a reference. Characterization has been conducted by using conventional as well as advanced methods on bitumens. Fundamental rheological tests, based on dynamic shear rheometer in the temperature range from -30 °C to +160 °C have been performed and the structure of a bitumens and modified bitumens has been analysed by the mobility of the oily maltene by self-diffusion Pulsed field gradient spin-echo (PGSE) FT-NMR experiments.

Self-Diffusion Coefficients and Tack of Some Rubbery Polymers

1966 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Skewis
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Microscopic Scale ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Diffusion Rates ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract Self-diffusion coefficients for natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber and butyl rubber, are reported. Rates were determined by application of a layer of radioactively labeled polymer to the top of an unlabeled polymer base film and following the decay of radioactivity at the surface of the system, which decreased as a result of self-absorption. Macroscopically, diffusion is very slow, in fact difficult to measure, but on a microscopic scale it is rapid enough to cause considerable intermingling of polymer chains across an interface within a few seconds after two layers of polymeric material are brought into close contact. However, there were no major differences of self-diffusion coefficients between several types of polymers of comparable molecular weights. Therefore, the magnitudes of the coefficients suggest that diffusion may well be an important step for development of tacky adhesion, but the results also suggest that variations in observed tackiness among polymers cannot be simply ascribed to variations in diffusion rates.

Blending Efficiency and Effective Styrene Butadiene Rubber Concentration of Micro-Surfacing Mixtures with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (5) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Anping Wang ◽  
Shihui Shen
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has been used in micro-surfacing mixtures with good promise and improved sustainability. However, no systematic study has been conducted to analyze the chemical components of the RAP micro-surfacing mixture when blending virgin binder with RAP binder, and to confirm the reasonableness of using RAP micro-surfacing mixtures. Based on a gap-graded method, this paper explored the chemical properties of RAP micro-surfacing mixtures using attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and fluorescence microscopy, and explained the blending mechanism between the RAP and the cold mixture. The blending efficiency and effective styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) concentration were quantified based on various chemical component parameters. The results showed that partial blending existed for RAP micro-surfacing mixtures. It was found that the diffusion happened from the outer layer of the RAP mixture as a result of the coating of emulsion, and could continuously and gradually happen for the RAP mixture, giving higher blending efficiency for a high RAP content mixture. The addition of RAP makes SBR particles more dispersible. Including rejuvenators and increasing curing time could improve the blending efficiency and the effective modifier concentration.

The Migration of Extender Oil in Natural and Synthetic Rubber. IV. Effect of Saturates Geometry and Carbon Black Type on Diffusion Rates

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1349-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Corman ◽  
M. L. Deviney ◽  
L. E. Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract Migration of oils, curatives, antioxidants, and other compounding materials in a vulcanized rubber matrix is a general phenomenon. A continuing, long range program has been undertaken in these laboratories to understand better this effect, in order that ultimately the compounder can predict, from a knowledge of the molecular nature of the penetrant and the physico-chemical properties of the cured matrix, the distribution of the various components during the service life of the finished rubber product. A sensitive radiotracer approach with earbon—14 is being used to study this system. Earlier work in this program has established the general value of the diffusion coefficient for whole paraffinic oils and for aromatic oils and their fractions. In general, this has shown that moderate variations in the molecular composition of the aromatic portions of the oils have only minor effects on these migration rates. Using similar computer derived diffusion coefficients, the current data indicate that naphthenic molecules migrate at equal to slightly higher rates than aromatic molecules of similar boiling points. Thermal diffusion as a mode of separation of the oil gives fractions showing more selectivity (larger differences in migration rates) than the formerly used silica gel procedures. Variations in carbon black type and loading levels have no detectable effect on migration. The most important factor in diffusion is the polymer matrix, which for the oils studied is in the order : polybutadiene (D≃6.4×10−7 cm2 sec−1 at 100° C), natural rubber (D≃3.5×10−7 cm2 sec−1), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (D≃2.6×10−7 cm2 sec−1) and styrene—butadiene rubber (D≃1.9×10−7 cm2 sec−1). Activation energies for the diffusion process were PBR, 3.1 ; NR, 7.8; EPDM, 10.3; and SBR, 9.9 (energies in kilocalories per mole).

PHASE SELECTIVE LOCALIZATION OF FILLER IN TERNARY RUBBER BLENDS

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Le ◽  
S. Ilisch ◽  
D. Heidenreich ◽  
K. Osswald ◽  
H-J. Radusch
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Subsequent Stage ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Selective Localization ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract The present work introduces a new concept based on the analysis of the rubber–filler gel for the determination of the phase selective filler localization in ternary rubber blends. Natural rubber (NR)/styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR)/ethylene–propylene rubber (EPDM) blends filled with silica were the focus of the experimental investigations. Because of the higher wetting rate of the NR component to silica, in the first stage of the preparation of SBR/NR/EPDM blends, more silica is found in the NR phase than in the SBR and EPDM phase. In the subsequent stage, silica is transferred from the NR phase to the SBR phase until the loosely bound NR-layer at the silica surface is fully replaced by SBR molecules. An extremely low amount of silica was found in the EPDM phase because of the poor EPDM–silica interaction. After a long mixing time, a large amount of silica whose surface was not yet wetted by any rubber phase could be found in the composites that can lead to fatal effects on the mechanical performance of the composites.

Effects of MAH/St grafted nanocellulose on the properties of carbon reinforced styrene butadiene rubber

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingni Xu ◽  
Caixin Li ◽  
Ju Gu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Strong Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Processing Properties ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Vulcanization Process ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Sem Analyses

Abstract Nanocellulose was extracted from bagasse (bagasse nanocellulose, BNC) by hydrolysis with alkali and acid, then grafted by maleic anhydride (MAH) and styrene (St). The modified nanocellulose (BMS) was further investigated to partially replace carbon black (CB) in St butadiene rubber (SBR) composites via coagulation to prepare SBR/BMS/CB composites. Through the comparison of the vulcanization characteristics, processing properties, mechanical properties, and dynamic mechanical performance of them, BMS proved to be more efficient than BNC. The results showed that BMS could activate the vulcanization process, suppress the Payne effect, and increase the modulus and hardness. Moreover, a fine BMS dispersion and strong interfacial interaction were achieved in SBR/BMS/CB composites. The observed reinforcement effects were evaluated based on the results of G′, tanδ and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of SBR/BMS/CB in comparison with SBR/BNC/CB composites.

scholarly journals Recycling of Waste Tyre into Silica-Rubber Compounds for Green Tyre Application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyeeta Ghosh ◽  
Sakrit Hait ◽  
Soumyajit Ghorai ◽  
Dipankar Mondal ◽  
Gert Heinrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Devulcanized Rubber

Abstract The prevention of detrimental effects to environment, owing to generation of a huge amount of rubber wastes, is a big challenge across the globe that warrants a thorough investigation of recycling and reuses waste of rubber products. In this spirit a sustainable development of a devulcanization process along with the production of value added devulcanized rubber is a task of hours. The present work describes a simultaneous devulcanization and chemical functionalisation process of waste solution styrene butadiene rubber (S-SBR). This kind of rubber is generally used as the main polymer component in silica filled tread rubber compounds for high-performance passenger car tyres. As-grown ethoxy groups on the functionalized devulcanized styrene butadiene rubber (D-SBR) are exploited for the coupling between silica and the devulcanized rubber chains. We compare the mechanical and dynamic mechanical performance of D-SBR with that of virgin SBR control composites. Covalently bonding interfaces developed from the pendent ethoxy groups of D-SBR and silanol groups on the silica surface offer a competitive and promising performance of the D-SBR based composites. We conclude that the present approach can be further utilized for the large-scale production of different rubber products with satisfied elastomeric performance.

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