Persepsi Pesan Gambar Pada Bungkus Rokok Dan Perilaku Merokok Remaja Di Kota Medan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Fauziah Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cigarette Packs

<p><strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong> <em>The picture message policy on cigarette packets is regulated in Permenkes No. 28 of 2013 concerning the Inclusion of Warnings and Health Information on Tobacco Product Packaging. The purpose of the inclusion of pictorial health warnings (PKB) on cigarette packs is to prevent adolescents from smoking. By looking at the frightening picture on PKB, it hoped that young smokers would be motivated to quit smoking</em><em>. <strong>Method</strong>: This study used a quantitative research approach with a cross-sectional design (cross-sectional) using primary data, this research conducted in Medan City. During January - June 2019. The population in this study were adolescents aged 18-23 years. The sample of this study was 215 teenagers. Data analysis used cross-tabulation descriptive analysis than presented in the form of a frequency distribution table using SPSS 22. <strong>Results</strong>: The results of this study indicate that the majority of respondents have smoking behaviour in the 19-20 year age group. The majority of respondents stated that they smoke 1-5 cigarettes a day. Teens who stated that they were not afraid of the impact of picture messages on cigarette packs had a 3,939 times risk of smoking compared to adolescents who expressed fear of the impact of picture messages on cigarette packs <strong>Conclusion</strong>: It hoped that the government could expand the picture message on cigarette packets to increase the desire to quit smoking and reduce the number of smokers in Indonesia. The image message on cigarette packs must be enlarged in order to reduce smoking behaviour in adolescents.</em></p>

scholarly journals The Effect Of Image Message Perception On Cigarette Background And The Intention To Stop Smoking Teenagers

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Sarah Siregar ◽  
Putra Siregar ◽  
Apriliani Apriliani ◽  
Rani Siregar ◽  
Nur Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cigarette Packs

Smoking behavior in Indonesia is still high. Health warning for room cigarette smoke is 50% of the surface of cigarette packs, but Indonesia is still a country with cigarette smoke in ASEAN at 40%. This study aimed to determine the effect of cigarette packaged image messages on adolescent smoking intentions in Medan. This study used a cross-sectional method. The number of samples in this study was 68 teenagers in Medan City. This study uses a questionnaire as a primary data aid. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. The results showed that there were 52.9% respondents aged 20-21 years and had a general department of 52.9%, as many as 52.9% of respondents in semester 4 were 55.9%. The majority of respondents aged 20-21 years without consuming 1-5 cigarettes/day were 55.6%. Responding to fear of cigarette packaged picture messages and having the intention of smoking as much 14.7%. Respondents were not afraid of the cigarette packaged picture messages and had no intention of quitting smoking as much as 17.6%. It can be detrimental to respondents that with the perception of fear, the message of cigarette packs of images has a risk of 1,885 times the intention to quit smoking than respondents who do not have the perception of fear of the cigarette pack image message. It is hoped that the government will expand the picture message on cigarette packets to increase the desire to quit smoking and reduce the number of smokers in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Investigating the business performance on the financial well-being of the Government retirees

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Abdul Mutalib Embong ◽  
Norzamziah Afzainizam ◽  
Mariati Norhashim ◽  
Amirsaman Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Population ageing; where there is growth in the percentage of older persons in the population; is becoming a worldwide phenomenon due to better healthcare and lower birth rates. The phenomenon of population ageing brings with it both challenges and opportunities. The challenges of an ageing population include social, health and economic support of the elderly. Malaysia is recognizing the need to address this issue of financially supporting an ageing population. The purpose of the paper was to investigate the impact of business on the financial well-being (FWB) of the ageing, specifically the government retirees. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among retirees who were in business throughout Malaysia that employed a cross sectional design. Forty-one respondents were successfully interviewed. Statistical procedures for the analyses included descriptive analysis and a profile analysis using scatterplot on the perceived business performance vs financial well-being. The survey revealed that the majority of the respondents operated business in the services, trade or retail industries which were set up and fully owned by themselves. Resource wise, the majority had very low financial capital, human capital and social capital. The study provides some empirical evidence that the retirees in business may be categorized into opportunity driven and necessity driven groups. The paper concludes that there is a need to find alternative income generation methods for the necessity driven group. Making paid work accessible to the elderly must be urgently put on the national agenda.

scholarly journals The Street Vendors Perception to the Information of Public Access Disruption as the Effect of their Existence

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.21) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Dorris Yadewani ◽  
Syafrani .
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Street Vendor ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Street vendors is a phenomenon in almost all regions in Indonesia, which is always a positive and negative impact on the region where the street vendor activity. The positive is the economy in a sustainable life in areas where street vendor activities, while the negative effects are disturbed some public access as a result of the existence of such street vendor, such as public roads are always jammed, the sidewalk is not functioning, trash increases or the environment increasingly neglected, area aesthetics will show discomfort. For the more crowded street vendor activities will have an impact upon the producer. However street vendor unaware that what was done to give effect to society because of disruption of public facilities. It is very necessary of information for the  street vendor’s understanding and perception to the impact caused by their presence in an area. The research was conducted by qualitative method with type research field investigations and descriptive analysis of the street vendor, managers, buyers and decision makers who do trading activities in S. Parman Street, UlakKarang Padang.  Samples as research subjects were the street vendors as much as 5 people, managers, local government, the buyer and road users. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Data Collection Techniques conducted by observation, interview, and documentation while data analysis is conducted qualitatively by a descriptive approach. The findings and the results are show that the information obtained is correct in running its activities to seek fortune already utilizing public access such as sidewalk and road. Contributions to the street vendors are expected to have awareness in running its activities mainly on the utilization of public access and if you want to keep running its activities must be willing to abide by all the regulations set forth by the government, because it became a street vendor answers to some of the problems faced by street vendors as well as for the government attempted to manage and regulate the existence of street vendors to be in line with policies that have been set by the government for street vendors somehow able to overcome the problem of the existence of the public economy. 

scholarly journals Synergy of the Pentahelix Model to Establish Resilient Smes in Facing New Normal during Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 754-761
Author(s):  
Herdiana Dyah Susanti ◽  
Dian Arief Pradana ◽  
Endang Suprihatin
Keyword(s):  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Data Validity ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Coronavirus new which caused the outbreak of pneumonia and caused the closure of tourist destinations and caused many SMEs products to be returned by the souvenir center and SMEs production stopped during the Covid-19 pandemic. Banyuwangi Regency has also experienced the closure of tourist destinations starting March 2020 and has an impact on SMEs in Banyuwangi Regency, one of which is Ratu Manis SMEs. After the closure of tourist attractions, 70% of Ratu Manis SMEs products that were entrusted to the souvenir center and tourist attractions were returned. The number of SMEs Ratu Manis production has also decreased. Many exhibition events at every festival held in Banyuwangi Regency have been canceled due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Ratu Manis SMEs is trying to rise from the impact caused by the Covid-19 pandemic through synergy from various parties with the help of the government, academics, media and the community using the pentahelix approach. The research approach used in this research is descriptive research. The data sources used in this study are secondary and primary data sources. The data were collected using data collection techniques, namely observation and interviews with the source triangulation strategy for data validity. With penta helix synergy of industry, government, academia, media and the community sweet queen SMEs can survive to face the pandemic covid-19 and may even improve the quality of the products and sales turnover also increased from 20 kg to 40 kg per day.

STAKEHOLDER ASPECTS INFLUENCING IMPLEMENTATION OF FOOD SECURITY PROJECTS IN MSAMBWENI DISTRICT, KENYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-107
Author(s):  
Patrick Orengo Omari
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Purpose: To determine the stakeholder aspects influencing implementation of food security projects in Msambweni District, KenyaMethodology: The study adopted a cross sectional descriptive case study. The population to be comprised the residents of Msambweni district who practice farming activities. Sampling of farmers was done at random from the existing divisions and locations of Msambweni district. The primary data was gathered using questionnaires that were semi-structured. Descriptive analysis was used and this included the use of weighted means, standard deviation, relative frequencies and percentages. The results of the analysis were presented using tables, percentages and bar-charts.Results: Results indicated that land ownership was a key determinant in influencing food projects implementation. The findings indicated that land ownership made the implementation of food security projects easy and faster. There was a positive and significant relationship between food security project implementation and land ownership. The findings also indicated that there are taboos in their community which discourage some types of farming methods and some food crops and if people in Msambweni were to disregard cultural beliefs farm productivity and food sufficiency would change positively. The findings were also supported by a negative correlation and the relationship between food project and cultural practices was found not to be statistically significant. Results indicated that farming methods and inputs were key determinants of food security project implementation. The findings indicated that farming methods influenced the implementation of food projects at Msambweni district.  The correlation between farming methods and food security project implementation was found to be strong and positive. Results indicated that education was a key factor that influences food security project implementation. However the findings also indicated that education level of the respondents did not matter so much as long as they apply the correct farming methods and attend farming seminars and workshops. There results also showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between education level and food security project implementation.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the results, it is recommended to the farmers to ensure that they retain their own lands and avoid selling and put the land into good use by practicing farming. It is recommended to the farmers that they review the existing taboos and beliefs and disregard them as this can lead to improved food security due to embracement of the government food security project implementation. It is also recommended that the farmers should have an open mind in fighting hunger as this will ensure that all people work to the betterment of improving food security issues regardless of the religion and culture. It is further recommended to the farmers to evaluate the advantages of mechanized farming methods and traditional farming practices and embrace the better option. The study also recommends that the farmers should attend the farmer’s workshops and seminars organized by the government to exchange ideas and learn also new tactics of farming activities. The study recommends that the farmers to organize themselves in groups to invite the agricultural officers so that they can be trained on various farming methods and on how to improve their productivity. It is also recommended that the government should look for ways of communication modern methods of farming using locally understood languages to ensure that the whole country embraces changes at the same pace.

scholarly journals Probing the efficacy of local economic development in South African Municipalities: A case of POLOKWANE local municipality

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Mashabela ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
South African ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The government of South Africa adopted Local Economic Development (LED) as part of its development policy in its quest for an inclusive economic development and growth. LED is intended to create a conducive environment for an inclusive local economy. However, unemployment and poverty rates are high in local communities with some SMMEs struggling to secure funding. Although municipalities do not create jobs directly through LED, they should, however, ensure that strategies implemented talk to inclusive economic growth, particularly the mitigation of unemployment and poverty rates. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the efficacy of LED in South African municipalities. The paper aims to evaluate and analyse the impact of implementing LED in South Africa. The quantitative research approach was adopted, and questionnaires were utilised to collect primary data. The paper found that LED in South Africa produces desired results at a low rate in that only a small fraction of the participants agrees that the municipality facilitates funding for SMMEs; only a small fraction of the participants is of the view that LED units provide adequate infrastructure and create industries. Moreover, the paper found that only a fraction of the participants is able to create job opportunities. Consequently, the paper recommends that municipalities should facilitate SMMEs funding, provide adequate infrastructure, develop industries and design LED strategies that enhance job creation. The paper argues that effective measures of implementing LED will enhance LED impact rate and fast track the prospects of inclusive economic growth in South African municipalities.

scholarly journals Peran Sektor Pemerintah dan Swasta dalam Perkembangan Destinasi Wisata di Kabupaten Pulau Morotai

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Enggar Dwi Cahyo ◽  
Wiendu Nuryanti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Morotai tourism destination is located in North Molucas Province and directly bordering with Philippines. Morotai tourism destination is one of the ten national priority tourism destination of the Republic Indonesia. Kabupaten Pulau Morotai also has one area that is used as a Special Economic Zone based on the development of tourism industry. Tourism development in this region involves many institutions, both from the government sector and from the private sector. This research was proposed to nd out about: (1) Fnding out about the role of public and private sector in the development of Morotai tourism destination, (2) Finding out the impact of all programs which run by all sector for the Morotai tourism destination area. This study uses a qualitative approach with primary data collection using data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and institutional surveys to be able to explore the phenomena that occur at the research location. Interview respondents were determined based on purposive sampling with the selection of respondents based on their respective capacities in the development of tourism destination in Kabupaten Pulau Morotai and supported by secondary data that was deemed appropriate to the research context. Data analysis techniques used descriptive analysis techniques to see sharper phenomena. This study produces the following ndings: (1) At present Central Government still dominates the course of destination development programs in Kabupaten Pulau Morotai, 2) One of the main impacts that occur is the improvement of infrastructure that supports tourism activities in Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. This condition shows that the Morotai Tourism Destinations have potential chance to become the core of tourism industry in North Moluccas Province.

scholarly journals Towards the Establishment of Relationship between Macroeconomic Indicators and Cost of Public Educational Buildings in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Richard Oduro Asamoah ◽  
Bernard Kofi Baiden ◽  
Gabriel Nani
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Educational Buildings ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Prime Rate ◽  
The Impact

Cost of building is usually influenced by several factors; one of such is frequent changes in macroeconomic variables. The purpose of this study is to establish the need to conduct further research on the impact of changes in macroeconomic components on the cost of public educational buildings. The study adopted the qualitative research approach; purposive and snowballing techniques were used in selecting respondents. Questionnaire survey was used to obtain primary data from respondents who were Quantity Surveyors and Estimators. The questionnaires were analyzed through descriptive analysis. Secondary data was obtained through literature review. The study revealed that respondents were satisfied with cost management procedures and practices and mainly relied on cash flow, progress reporting, and project cost control methods as means of monitoring and managing project cost. Relative important index, prime rate, interest rate, and inflation were some of the macroeconomic components that professionals considered having impact on cost. The respondents also recommended further studies on the impact of macroeconomic variability on cost of public buildings.

scholarly journals The Role of Potato Seed Cooperative on the Livelihood of Rural Households in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Wegayehu Bogale Fitawek ◽  
Belaineh Legesse
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Agricultural Cooperatives help their members to increase their yield and incomes by pooling their resource to support collective service provisions and economic empowerment. The objective of this paper is to provide empirical evidences of the impact of potato seed producing cooperatives on the livelihoods of rural households in the study area. The study has used cross-sectional data of year 2013. Primary data were collected from the sample of 172 households (82 from Haramaya and 90 from Kersa districts) from both members of cooperative and non-member. A propensity score matching method was used to evaluate the impact of potato seed producing cooperative on household income, expenditure and asset. The evaluation results revealed that member of potato seed production cooperative have got higher income from crop production, total annual income and asset holdings amounting to Birr 29 006, 33 901 and 47 768 respectively. Members also spent Birr 11 728 more than non-member households. This indicates membership to potato seed cooperative is found to have a positive and significant on livelihood indicators. Therefore, the government and other non-government organization like ISSD should provide more support to expand seed producing cooperative to improve the livelihood and food security statues of the rural households.

scholarly journals PREFERENSI KONSUMEN GULA PASIR TERHADAP PRODUK, HARGA, PROMOSI, DAN DISTRIBUSI

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Amarullah Sofa
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Price Change ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Introduction: Distribution system of PTPN XI depends on the tender of regulation that affects benefit for PTPN XI. Java Seven Samurai which act as bidders. This study is expected to provide important information on PTPN XI and stimulus-dependent regulation of Seven Samurai, in order to sell new sugar products directly to the consumer so that the resulting higher profits.Methods: This research is a non-experimental study that performs data collection at a certain time for the sample group (cross-sectional). The research approach used in this study is a qualitative descriptive analysis approach to processing primary data obtained from the research sample.Results: The results of this study, new favorite sugar characteristics are: 1) Product: consumers prefer brands using Indonesian sugar, sugarscrystals are white clearly color, and odorless; 2) Price: consumers like discounts and bonuses given to purchase a lot and adjust the size of the price change per pack; 3) Promotion: social media are easily found and preferred customer is Facebook; 4) Distribution: traditional marketing is a consumer preferred shop and agents while modern retail customers preferred is a minimarket.Conclusion and suggestion: Sugar is distributed directly from PTPN XI preferably at minimarket and agents. While distribution is lacking indirectly (through an agent) is a traditional store.

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