Activity of glycogen depolymerizing enzymes in extracts from brain tumor tissue (anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme).

An approximately threefold increase in glycogenolytic activity of the neutral alpha-1,4-glucosidase and a twofold increase in the same activity of the acid isoform have been found in extracts of anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme tumors of brain tissue. "Maltase activity" of the respective enzymes increased by 60-80% in both kinds of tumor extracts. However a significant decrease in a-amylase and almost complete disappearance of phosphorylase activities have also been found in both kinds of tumors.

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Lymph node metastasis as first manifestation of glioblastoma

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1974.41.5.0607 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 607-609 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Clarisse L. Dolman

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumor ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Young Woman ◽

Tumor Tissue ◽

Malignant Cells ◽

Content Type ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Fine Print

✓ An enlarged parotid lymph node excised from a young woman contained malignant cells. Three weeks later she developed signs of a brain tumor and died despite irradiation. Autopsy revealed a large frontal lobe glioblastoma multiforme which had infiltrated the dura. The lymph node, which had been the first manifestation of disease, contained identical tumor tissue.

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GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME: PATHOGENESIS AND MOLECULAR MARKERS

Problems in oncology ◽

10.37469/0507-3758-2017-63-5-695-702 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

pp. 695-702

Author(s):

Oleg Kit ◽

Dmitriy Vodolazhskiy ◽

Yelena Frantsiyants ◽

Svetlana Panina ◽

E. Rastorguev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Brain Tumor ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽

Somatic Mutations ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Molecular Subtypes ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Signal Pathways ◽

Poorly Differentiated

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and invasive poorly differentiated brain tumor with nearly 100 % rate of recurrence and unfavorable prognosis. The aim of the present review is to analyze recent studies and experimental results (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed) concerning somatic mutations in glioblastoma, aberrant regulation of gene expression of signal pathways including EGFR, TGFß, etc. and markers for GBM progression. Particularly the molecular subtypes of glioblastoma and NGS results are considered in this review.

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Friend or Foe: Paradoxical Roles of Autophagy in Gliomagenesis

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10061411 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1411

Author(s):

Don Carlo Ramos Batara ◽

Moon-Chang Choi ◽

Hyeon-Uk Shin ◽

Hyunggee Kim ◽

Sung-Hak Kim

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumor ◽

Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽

Cancer Biology ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Primary Brain Tumor ◽

Molecular Target ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Homeostatic Mechanism ◽

Cellular Context ◽

Cellular Components

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor in adults, with a poor median survival of approximately 15 months after diagnosis. Despite several decades of intensive research on its cancer biology, treatment for GBM remains a challenge. Autophagy, a fundamental homeostatic mechanism, is responsible for degrading and recycling damaged or defective cellular components. It plays a paradoxical role in GBM by either promoting or suppressing tumor growth depending on the cellular context. A thorough understanding of autophagy’s pleiotropic roles is needed to develop potential therapeutic strategies for GBM. In this paper, we discussed molecular mechanisms and biphasic functions of autophagy in gliomagenesis. We also provided a summary of treatments for GBM, emphasizing the importance of autophagy as a promising molecular target for treating GBM.

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Benefit of Static FET PET in Pretreated Pediatric Brain Tumor Patients with Equivocal Conventional MRI Results

Klinische Pädiatrie ◽

10.1055/a-1335-4844 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Frederik Grosse ◽

Florian Wedel ◽

Ulrich-Wilhelm Thomale ◽

Ingo Steffen ◽

Arend Koch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumor ◽

Tumor Tissue ◽

Pediatric Brain Tumor ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Tumor Patients ◽

Fet Pet ◽

Conventional Mri ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Pediatric Brain

Abstract Background MRI has shortcomings in differentiation between tumor tissue and post-therapeutic changes in pretreated brain tumor patients. Patients We assessed 22 static FET-PET/CT-scans of 17 pediatric patients (median age 12 years, range 2–16 years, ependymoma n=4, medulloblastoma n=4, low-grade glioma n=6, high-grade glioma n=3, germ cell tumor n=1, choroid plexus tumor n=1, median follow-up: 112 months) with multimodal treatment. Method FET-PET/CT-scans were analyzed visually by 3 independent nuclear medicine physicians. Additionally quantitative FET-Uptake for each lesion was determined by calculating standardized uptake values (SUVmaxT/SUVmeanB, SUVmeanT/SUVmeanB). Histology or clinical follow-up served as reference. Results Static FET-PET/CT reliably distinguished between tumor tissue and post-therapeutic changes in 16 out of 17 patients. It identified correctly vital tumor tissue in 13 patients and post-therapeutic changes in 3 patients. SUV-based analyses were less sensitive than visual analyses. Except from a choroid plexus carcinoma, all tumor entities showed increased FET-uptake. Discussion Our study comprises a limited number of patients but results corroborate the ability of FET to detect different brain tumor entities in pediatric patients and discriminate between residual/recurrent tumor and post-therapeutic changes. Conclusions We observed a clear benefit from additional static FET-PET/CT-scans when conventional MRI identified equivocal lesions in pretreated pediatric brain tumor patients. These results warrant prospective studies that should include dynamic scans.

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Magnetic Resonance Microscopy at 14 Tesla and Correlative Histopathology of Human Brain Tumor Tissue

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0027442 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. e27442 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ana Gonzalez-Segura ◽

Jose Manuel Morales ◽

Jose Manuel Gonzalez-Darder ◽

Ramon Cardona-Marsal ◽

Concepcion Lopez-Gines ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumor ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Human Brain ◽

Tumor Tissue ◽

Magnetic Resonance Microscopy ◽

Human Brain Tumor

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Quantitative Measurements of Regional Glucose Utilization and Rate of Valine Incorporation into Proteins by Double-Tracer Autoradiography in the Rat Brain Tumor Model

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1038/jcbfm.1989.12 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 87-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Michihiro Kirikae ◽

Mirko Diksic ◽

Y. Lucas Yamamoto

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Brain Tumor ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Brain Tissue ◽

Glucose Utilization ◽

Tumor Model ◽

Normal Brain ◽

Normal Brain Tissue ◽

Rat Brain Tumor ◽

Brain Tumor Model

We examined the rate of glucose utilization and the rate of valine incorporation into proteins using 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose and L-[1-14C]-valine in a rat brain tumor model by quantitative double-tracer autoradiography. We found that in the implanted tumor the rate of valine incorporation into proteins was about 22 times and the rate of glucose utilization was about 1.5 times that in the contralateral cortex. (In the ipsilateral cortex, the tumor had a profound effect on glucose utilization but no effect on the rate of valine incorporation into proteins.) Our findings suggest that it is more useful to measure protein synthesis than glucose utilization to assess the effectiveness of antitumor agents and their toxicity to normal brain tissue. We compared two methods to estimate the rate of valine incorporation: “kinetic” (quantitation done using an operational equation and the average brain rate coefficients) and “washed slices” (unbound labeled valine removed by washing brain slices in 10% thrichloroacetic acid). The results were the same using either method. It would seem that the kinetic method can thus be used for quantitative measurement of protein synthesis in brain tumors and normal brain tissue using [11C]-valine with positron emission tomography.

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Glioblastoma multiforme at the site of metal splinter injury: a coincidence?

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1999.91.6.1041 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. 1041-1044 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Michael Sabel ◽

Jörg Felsberg ◽

Martina Messing-Jünger ◽

Eva Neuen-Jacob ◽

Jürgen Piek

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumor ◽

Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽

Malignant Glioma ◽

Causal Relationship ◽

Propionibacterium Acnes ◽

Glioma Tissue ◽

Left Frontal Lobe ◽

Content Type ◽

Chronic Abscess ◽

Fine Print

✓ The authors report the case of a man who had suffered a penetrating metal splinter injury to the left frontal lobe at 18 years of age. Thirty-seven years later the patient developed a left-sided frontal tumor at the precise site of the meningocerebral scar and posttraumatic defect. Histological examination confirmed a glioblastoma multiforme adjacent to the dural scar and metal splinters. In addition, a chronic abscess from which Propionibacterium acnes was isolated was found within the glioma tissue. The temporal and local association of metal splinter injury with chronic abscess, scar formation, and malignant glioma is highly suggestive of a causal relationship between trauma and the development of a malignant brain tumor.

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