scholarly journals Probiotics alleviate inflammatory bowel disease in mice by regulating intestinal microorganisms-bile acid-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongshi Liu ◽  
Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Probiotic Group ◽  
Intestinal Microorganisms ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The objective of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism of intestinal microorganisms- bile acid- NLRP3 inflammasome regulation in mice with inflammatory bowel disease treated with probiotics. The abnormal activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is the main pathogenic factor that leads to the development of chronic colitis in IL-10–/– mice. In this study, we divided the IL-10–/– and wild-type mice on a C57BL/6 background into 3 groups: control group (wt mice, n=10), IBD group (IL-10–/– mice, n=10), and probiotic group (IL-10–/– mice treated with probiotics, n=10). The analyses included mRNA levels of cytokines and protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and NOD2, as well as colorimetric determination of Wnt, Notch and BMP activity in colon tissue and fresh colon mass. The fresh colon mass was increased in the IBD mice when compared with the control and the probiotic groups (P<0.05). The histological score of the proximal colon in the IBD group was higher than in two other groups (P<0.05). The probiotic group showed lower levels of IFN-γ, IL-17F, IL-1α and IL-25 mRNA compared to the IBD group (P<0.05). The main components of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 and IL-1β) and NOD2 were increased in IBD group compared to the control, and decreased after probiotic treatment (P<0.05). FXR, TGR5, vitamin D, and CAR were all increased in IBD group compared to the control and probiotic groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, probiotics modulated the intestinal microbial-bile acid-NLRP3 inflammation in IBD mice.

scholarly journals Pilot study: duodenal MDR1 and COX2 gene expression in cats with inflammatory bowel disease and low-grade alimentary lymphoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Castro-López ◽  
Mariana Teles ◽  
Camino Fierro ◽  
Karin Allenspach ◽  
Marta Planellas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Chronic Enteropathy ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Objectives Multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) encodes a protein called P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which serves as an efflux pump membrane protein implicated in intestinal homeostasis and drug resistance. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of proinflammatory prostaglandins, tumourigenesis and in mucosal defence. Despite the importance of MDR1 and COX2, changes in their mRNA levels have not been studied in cats with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and low-grade alimentary lymphoma (LGAL). The present study aimed to determine the mRNA levels of MDR1 and COX2 in cats with IBD and LGAL, and to evaluate their correlation with clinical signs, histological severity and between genes. Methods Cats diagnosed with IBD (n = 20) and LGAL (n = 9) between 2008 and 2015 were included in the current study. Three healthy animals composed the healthy control cats group in which endoscopy was performed immediately before the ovariohysterectomy. All duodenal biopsy samples were obtained by endoscopy. Feline chronic enteropathy activity index was calculated for all cases. IBD histopathology was classified according to severity. MDR1 and COX2 mRNA levels were determined by absolute reverse transcriptase-quantitative real-time PCR. Results Statistically significant differences were observed for MDR1 and COX2 mRNA levels between the IBD and LGAL groups. No correlations were observed between molecular gene expression, feline chronic enteropathy activity index and histological grading for IBD, and between MDR1 and COX2 genes. However, a positive statistically significant correlation was observed between MDR1 and COX2 expression in the duodenum of cats. Conclusions and relevance MDR1 and COX2 gene expression is increased in cats with LGAL compared with cats with IBD. The control group tended to have lower values than both diseased groups. These results suggest that these genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD or LGAL in cats.

scholarly journals Dental and periodontal disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher X. W. Tan ◽  
Henk S. Brand ◽  
Bilgin Kalender ◽  
Nanne K. H. De Boer ◽  
Tymour Forouzanfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Preventive Dental Care ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objectives Although bowel symptoms are often predominant, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients can have several oral manifestations. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) compared to an age and gender-matched control group of patients without IBD. Material and methods The DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) scores and the DPSI (Dutch Periodontal Screening Index) of 229 IBD patients were retrieved from the electronic health record patient database axiUm at the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) and were compared to the DMFT scores and DPSI from age and gender-matched non-IBD patients from the same database. Results The total DMFT index was significantly higher in the IBD group compared to the control group. When CD and UC were analyzed separately, a statistically significant increased DMFT index was observed in CD patients but not in UC patients. The DPSI did not differ significantly between the IBD and non-IBD groups for each of the sextants. However, in every sextant, IBD patients were more frequently edentulous compared to the control patients. Conclusion CD patients have significantly more dental health problems compared to a control group. Periodontal disease did not differ significantly between IBD and non-IBD groups as determined by the DPSI. Clinical relevance It is important that IBD patients and physicians are instructed about the correlation between their disease and oral health problems. Strict oral hygiene and preventive dental care such as more frequent checkups should be emphasized by dental clinicians.

Altered Fecal Bile Acid Pattern in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Digestion ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kruis ◽  
H.-D. Kalek ◽  
F. Stellaard ◽  
G. Paumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fecal Bile Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Serum bile acid profiling reflects enterohepatic detoxification state and intestinal barrier function in inflammatory bowel disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (25) ◽  
pp. 3134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Gnewuch ◽  
Gerhard Liebisch ◽  
Thomas Langmann ◽  
Benjamin Dieplinger ◽  
Thomas Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Serum Bile Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Kannabiszszármazékok használatának gyakorisága gyulladásos bélbetegségben

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (12) ◽  
pp. 443-448
Author(s):  
Gábor Xantus ◽  
V. Anna Gyarmathy
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
English Language ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Összefoglaló. Gyulladásos bélbetegségben (IBD) a fájdalomérzés komplex szomatikus és pszichés jelenség. Ez utóbbi komponens pontosabb megértése segíthet a megfelelő kezelési stratégia megállapításában. A szorongásos hangulati zavarok és egyes maladaptív viselkedési minták (dohányzás és alkoholfogyasztás) előfordulási gyakorisága jól dokumentált IBD-ben, a kannabiszhasználat hatása ugyanakkor kevésbé ismert. A szerzők szisztematikus áttekintést végeztek annak megértéséhez, hogy vajon magasabb-e a marihuánahasználat gyakorisága felnőtt IBD-s betegek között egészséges kontrollpopulációhoz viszonyítva, és ha igen, akkor melyek a szerhasználat legfontosabb jellemzői. A kutatási periódust szándékosan az elmúlt 7 évre korlátoztuk, ugyanis 2013-tól jelentős változások álltak be a kannabinoidok jogi és orvosi megítélésében az USA-ban. Öt elsődleges és több másodlagos adatbázisban kutattunk előre meghatározott kulcsszavak segítségével 2013 óta teljes szöveggel megjelent, angol nyelvű felnőtt IBD-s populációt vizsgáló epidemiológiai tanulmányok vonatkozásában. 143 rekord közül 7 cikk felelt meg a beválogatási kritériumoknak. Eredményeink szerint a kannabiszhasználat gyakorisága IBD-ben szenvedő felnőtt betegek körében valószínűleg magasabb, mint a kontrollpopulációban: a „valaha, bármikor” használók aránya 54–70% között változott (szemben a 46–60% gyakorisággal a kontrollcsoportban), míg az „aktív használók” esetén a gyakoriság 6,8–25% között változott (vs. a kontrollcsoportban tapasztalt 8,6–14%-kal). A prevalenciaadatok széles variabilitása arra utal, hogy a beválogatott epidemiológiai tanulmányok valószínűleg vagy nem voltak megfelelően tervezve, vagy jelentős heterogenitással bírtak. A pszichés tényezők ellentmondásos mintája azt sugallja, hogy a kannabinoidok egyes esetekben ronthatták, más esetben valószínűleg javították bizonyos prominens tünetek megélését. Javasoljuk ezért, hogy a valós prevalencia megállapítása érdekében a keresztmetszeti vizsgálatok mellé ismételt pszichometriai vizsgálatokon alapuló vizsgálatok is bekerüljenek a további kutatásba. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(12): 443–448. Summary. Pain perception in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is beyond a purely somatic process. In-depth understanding of psychologic elements might enable more effective management in this patient group. Anxiety disorders and certain maladaptive coping strategies like smoking and alcohol consumption are well-documented in IBD, unlike the scarcely researched cannabis use. The authors designed a systematic review, to investigate if the prevalence of cannabis use is higher in IBD that in unselected controls. The research window was intentionally set to cover for the past 7 years, as in 2013 major legislative changes took place in the cannabis decriminalisation process in the United States. 5 primary and several secondary databases were researched with a pre-formulated algorithm registered at PROSPERO for full text epidemiological studies published in English language involving adult IBD patients. Out of 143 records, 7 articles met the in/exclusion criteria. Our results suggest that cannabis use among adult patients with IBD is likely to be higher than in the unselected control population. The proportion of “ever” users varied from 54% to 70% (vs. 46–60% in the control group); and for ‘active users’, the prevalence ranged between 6.8% to 25% (vs. 8.6–14% in the control group). The wide variability in prevalence data suggests that the selected epidemiological studies were either inappropriately designed or were too heterogeneous (or both). The contradictory pattern of psychological factors suggests that cannabinoids might improve or worsen IBD depending on case by case basis. We therefore opine that in addition to cross-sectional papers, studies based on repeated psychometric analysis are needed to establish the real prevalence and inform cannabinoid prescription and holistic management in inflammatory bowel disease. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(12): 443–448.

scholarly journals Therapeutic potential of mature adipocyte-derived dedifferentiated fat cells for inflammatory bowel disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 799-807
Author(s):  
Shigeki Ishioka ◽  
Takashi Hosokawa ◽  
Taro Ikeda ◽  
Noriyoshi Konuma ◽  
Hide Kaneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mature Adipocyte ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Dfat Cells

Abstract Purpose Our previous studies demonstrated that mature adipocyte-derived dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells possess similar multipotency as mesenchymal stem cells. Here, we examined the immunoregulatory potential of DFAT cells in vitro and the therapeutic effect of DFAT cell transplantation in a mouse inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model. Methods The effect of DFAT cell co-culture on T cell proliferation and expression of immunosuppression-related genes in DFAT cells were evaluated. To create IBD, CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells were intraperitoneally injected into SCID mice. One week later, DFAT cells (1 × 105, DFAT group) or saline (Control group) were intraperitoneally injected. Subsequently bodyweight was measured every week and IBD clinical and histological scores were evaluated at 5 weeks after T cell administration. Results The T cell proliferation was inhibited by co-cultured DFAT cells in a cell density-dependent manner. Gene expression of TRAIL, IDO1, and NOS2 in DFAT cells was upregulated by TNFα stimulation. DFAT group improved IBD-associated weight loss, IBD clinical and histological scores compared to Control group. Conclusion DFAT cells possess immunoregulatory potential and the cell transplantation promoted recovery from colon damage and improved clinical symptoms in the IBD model. DFAT cells could play an important role in the treatment of IBD.

scholarly journals A Pilot Integrative Analysis of Colonic Gene Expression, Gut Microbiota, and Immune Infiltration in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis-Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Association of Disease With Bile Acid Pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 935-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Nabil Quraishi ◽  
Animesh Acharjee ◽  
Andrew D Beggs ◽  
Richard Horniblow ◽  
Chris Tselepis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Immune Infiltration ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Although a majority of patients with PSC have colitis [PSC-IBD; primary sclerosing cholangitis-inflammatory bowel disease], this is phenotypically different from ulcerative colitis [UC]. We sought to define further the pathophysiological differences between PSC-IBD and UC, by applying a comparative and integrative approach to colonic gene expression, gut microbiota and immune infiltration data. Methods Colonic biopsies were collected from patients with PSC-IBD [n = 10], UC [n = 10], and healthy controls [HC; n = 10]. Shotgun RNA-sequencing for differentially expressed colonic mucosal genes [DEGs], 16S rRNA analysis for microbial profiling, and immunophenotyping were performed followed by multi-omic integration. Results The colonic transcriptome differed significantly between groups [p = 0.01]. Colonic transcriptomes from HC were different from both UC [1343 DEGs] and PSC-IBD [4312 DEGs]. Of these genes, only 939 had shared differential gene expression in both UC and PSC-IBD compared with HC. Imputed pathways were predominantly associated with upregulation of immune response and microbial defense in both disease cohorts compared with HC. There were 1692 DEGs between PSC-IBD and UC. Bile acid signalling pathways were upregulated in PSC-IBD compared with UC [p = 0.02]. Microbiota profiles were different between the three groups [p = 0.01]; with inferred function in PSC-IBD also being consistent with dysregulation of bile acid metabolism. Th17 cells and IL17-producing CD4 cells were increased in both PSC-IBD and UC when compared with HC [p &lt; 0.05]. Multi-omic integration revealed networks involved in bile acid homeostasis and cancer regulation in PSC-IBD. Conclusions Colonic transcriptomic and microbiota analysis in PSC-IBD point toward dysregulation of colonic bile acid homeostasis compared with UC. This highlights important mechanisms and suggests the possibility of novel approaches in treating PSC-IBD.

scholarly journals Trends of Liver Stiffness in Inflammatory Bowel Disease with Chronic Hepatitis C

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Losurdo ◽  
Andrea Iannone ◽  
Antonella Contaldo ◽  
Michele Barone ◽  
Enzo Ierardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Sustained Viral Response ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Viral Response ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
One Year

Concomitant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a relevant comorbidity since IBD itself exposes to a high risk of liver damage. We aimed to evaluate liver stiffness (LS) in IBD-HCV after antiviral treatment. We enrolled IBD patients with HCV. All patients at baseline underwent LS measurement by elastography. Patients who were eligible for antiviral therapy received direct antiviral agents (DAAs) and sustained viral response was evaluated at the 12th week. A control group was selected within IBD patients without HCV. One year later, all IBD-HCV patients and controls repeated LS measurement. Twenty-four IBD-HCV patients and 24 IBD controls entered the study. Only twelve out of 24 received DAAs and all achieved sustained viral response (SVR). All IBD subjects were in remission at enrollment and maintained remission for one year. After one year, IBD patients who eradicated HCV passed from a liver stiffness of 8.5 ± 6.2 kPa to 7.1 ± 3.9, p = 0.13. IBD patients who did not eradicate HCV worsened liver stiffness: from 7.6 ± 4.4 to 8.6 ± 4.6, p = 0.01. In the IBD control group, stiffness decreased from 7.8 ± 4.4 to 6.0 ± 3.1, p < 0.001. In conclusion, HCV eradication is able to stop the evolution of liver fibrosis in IBD, while failure to treat may lead to its progression. A stable IBD remission may improve LS even in non-infected subjects.

scholarly journals P264 Analysis of nutritional status and nutrient intake in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective, case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S282-S282
Author(s):  
Y E YOON ◽  
H M Kim ◽  
J H Kim ◽  
Y H Youn ◽  
H J Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Anthropometric data and dietary intake pattern are poorly known in Asian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional status and nutrient intake of IBD patients compared with control population. Methods From February to June 2018, a total of 65 outpatients, including 33 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 32 Crohn’s disease (CD) were prospectively enrolled in Gangnam Severance Hospital. As a control group, age- and gender-matched 260 subjects were included among the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Anthropometry and body composition data were collected by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA); meanwhile, nutrient intake was measured based on diet diary. Results Based on Asia Pacific criteria, more than half of both UC and control group were obese or overweight, on the other hands, CD was relatively low, about 1/3. Compared with the UC group, body fat index including both fat mass index (FMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) were significantly lower in the CD group. Following nutrients intake including intake of energy, carbohydrate, niacin, sodium and potassium were significantly lower in UC than the control group. Meanwhile, intake of carbohydrate, thiamine, niacin, sodium, potassium and iron was significantly lower in CD than the control group. In addition, the ratio of energy intake through protein and fat was significantly higher in the IBD than the control group. Conclusion Similar to the control group, more than half of UC patients were overweight or obesity, meanwhile, the proportion of obese patients in CD was lower than in the control group. The ratio of energy intake through protein and fat was significantly higher in IBD than in the control group. Our results may have clinical implications for risk of IBD development in terms of dietary pattern and further direction of nutritional intervention.

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