The spatiality of the soybean crop water deficit in Jales and Andradina microregions, state of São Paulo

Knowledge about soil water availability for future planning is the basis for carrying out its rational use. This work aimed to study the spatiality of water precipitation, crop evapotranspiration, and the need for water supplementation in soybean cultivation in the microregions of Jales-SP and Andradina-SP for the summer harvest. The water balance was determined by the Thorthwaite and Mather (1955) method, with data made available by the Agrometeorological Stations Network operated by the Hydraulics and Irrigation area of UNESP Ilha Solteira. We considered an available water capacity (AWC) of 40 mm. The study took place from the simulation of the water condition of a soybean crop sown on November 4, 2020. In the water deficit condition, the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) was considered null at a 20 % deficit, and the other values followed the same mathematical proportion. The mean rainfall of the period, crop evapotranspiration, and water deficit of each weather station were interpolated through ordinary circular kriging in ArcGIS 10.7 software. The water deficit in the soybean crop in the northwest region of São Paulo is related to the poor distribution of precipitation during the cycle and the significant recurrence of Indian summers all through the area. For the producers’ safety, investment in irrigation systems anticipating this poor distribution is justified. The water deficit in the region is variable. In years with good rainfall distribution, it can reach zero values, and in years with poor distribution, it can reach values greater than 180 mm.

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Canine rabies epidemiology in Araçatuba and neighborhood, Northwestern São Paulo State - Brazil

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822004000200005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 139-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Luzia Helena Queiroz da Silva ◽

César Eduardo Bissoto ◽

Ádna Cleia B. Delbem ◽

Clara Isabel de Lucca Ferrari ◽

Sílvia Helena Venturoli Perri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Canine Rabies ◽

Paulo State ◽

São Paulo State ◽

The Mean ◽

Northwest Region ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics ◽

Rabies Diagnosis

Epidemiological characteristics of canine rabies in the northwest region of São Paulo State (Araçatuba region), Brazil, from 1993 to 1997 are presented. Out of 1,984 dogs, a total of 351 (17.7%) were positive for rabies diagnosis; 89% (312/351) of these occurred in urban areas and 85% (266/312) of the urban positive cases were among owned dogs. The mean age of the rabid dogs was 34 months and 61% were male. Aggressive behavior was observed in 77% of rabid dogs, followed by lack of coordination and paralysis (42%) and 48% of these dogs were responsible biting people or other animals. Information about vaccination status was obtained from 182 records and 51% of rabid dogs were non-vaccinated. The number of unvaccinated rabid dogs indicates a low vaccination index and this factor added to the high dog/man ratio must have contributed to the canine rabies epizootic observed in the studied area.

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Gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep raised in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612014058 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 348-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Maurício Orlando Wilmsen ◽

Bruna Fernanda Silva ◽

César Cristiano Bassetto ◽

Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Mean Intensity ◽

Oesophagostomum Columbianum ◽

The Mean ◽

In Parenthesis

Gastrointestinal nematode infections were evaluated in sheep raised in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil between April 2008 and March 2011. Every month, two tracer lambs grazing with a flock of sheep were exposed to natural infection with gastrointestinal nematodes for 28 consecutive days. At the end of this period, the lambs were sacrificed for worm counts. Haemonchus contortus presented 100% of prevalence. The seasons exerted no significant influence on the mean intensity of H. contortus, which ranged from 315 worms in November 2010 to 2,5205 worms in January 2011. The prevalence of Trichostrongylus colubriformis was also 100%, with the lowest mean intensity (15 worms) recorded in February 2011 and the highest (9,760 worms) in October 2009. In the case of T. colubriformis, a significant correlation coefficient was found between worm counts vs. rainfall (r = −0.32; P <0.05). Three other nematodes species were found in tracer lambs, albeit in small numbers. Their prevalence and mean intensity (in parenthesis) were as follows: Oesophagostomum columbianum 28% (25.2), Cooperia curticei 7% (4.5) and Trichuris spp. 2% (1). In conclusion, the environmental conditions of the area proved to be highly favorable for the year-round transmission of H. contortus and T. colubriformis.

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Protozooplankton and its relationship with environmental conditions in 13 water bodies of the Mogi-Guaçu basin - SP, Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032013000400016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 152-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Inessa Lacativa Bagatini ◽

Ana Lúcia Gerardi Spínola ◽

Bianca de Miranda Peres ◽

Adrislaine da Silva Mansano ◽

Mafalda Alexandra Antunes Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Variables ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Bromophenol Blue ◽

São Paulo ◽

Paulo State ◽

Two Samples ◽

São Paulo State ◽

Biological Aspects ◽

The Mean

Protozooplankton is an important component of the aquatic microbial food webs and its composition, density, and distribution reflect the chemical, physical, and biological aspects of the environment. Considering the scarce literature on freshwater protozoans in Brazil and on protozoan ecology in subtropical environments, we listed the ciliates and amoebae taxa found in 13 water bodies in São Paulo State and analyzed their abundance in relation to the environmental variables. We collected two samples in each environment, fixed immediately with mercuric chloride and stained with bromophenol blue. After microscopical analysis, 74 protozoan genera were identified and the Ciliophora were dominant in the majority of the environments. The Stichotrichia, represented mostly by the genus Halteria, occurred in all environments, and was the dominant subclass in five of them. The canonic correspondence analysis of the most frequent genera and the environmental variables showed that nitrite and nitrate were the variables that better explained the distribution of Limnostrombidium, Urotricha, and Vorticella. The densities of the genera Halteria, Coleps, and of the species Cinetochilum margaritaceum were positively affected by increasing concentrations of dissolved oxygen, particulate phosphate, conductivity, and temperature. C. margaritaceum were also negatively affected by increasing concentrations of nitrite and nitrate. Considering that we made only one sampling in each environment, the richness was high compared to the mean diversity of lakes in the São Paulo State. The Diogo Lake, located in an ecological reserve, was the richest one, confirming the need of more research on the biodiversity of more preserved environments.

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Geographical clusters and social risk factors for suicide in the city of São Paulo, 2006–2015: An ecologic study

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0020764020918618 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (5) ◽

pp. 460-468

Author(s):

Daniel Hideki Bando ◽

Ligia Vizeu Barrozo ◽

Fernando Madalena Volpe

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Suicide Rate ◽

Religious Affiliation ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Multiple Model ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Mean ◽

Risk Factors For Suicide ◽

Geographical Clusters

Background: To identify geographical clusters of suicide in São Paulo, Brazil (2006–2015) and to verify the associations of suicide with sociocultural characteristics of its 96 districts. Methods: Spatial scan test was used to detect the geographical clusters. Correlation and multiple regression techniques were used to estimate the association of socioeconomic and cultural variables with suicide. Results: The mean suicide rate was 4.8/100,000. Three clusters were identified which are as follows: one of increased risk in downtown and two of decreased risk in the South and in the Southeast. The mean suicide rate of the high-risk clustered districts (7.99/100,000) presented significantly higher average incomes per household, higher proportion of formally educated, of no religious affiliation, of recent migrants, of all-times migrants and lower proportion of married. The multiple model selected two independent risk factors – people with no religious affiliation (β = 0.182) and of recent migrants (β = 0.278) – and two protective factors – the proportion of married (β = –0.185) and of total migrants (β = –0.075), which jointly explained 58.4% of the variance. Conclusion: Durkheimian social and cultural risk factors for suicide were confirmed. Compared to a previous study period (1996–2005), suicide rates and geographical clusters remained relatively stable in the subsequent decade (2006–2015).

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Behaviors and hygiene habits of complete denture wearers

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402010000300013 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 247-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Amanda Peracini ◽

Ingrid Machado de Andrade ◽

Helena de Freitas Oliveira Paranhos ◽

Cláudia Helena Lovato da Silva ◽

Raphael Freitas de Souza

Keyword(s):

Oral Care ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Complete Denture ◽

Dental School ◽

Complete Dentures ◽

São Paulo ◽

Mechanical Method ◽

Limited Knowledge ◽

Cleaning Method ◽

The Mean

In this study, a questionnaire was applied to patients from Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Brazil, to evaluate the hygiene methods and habits concerning the use of complete dentures, the age of dentures, and whether patients have been instructed on how to clean their dentures. The mean age of patients was 63.35 years, and most of them were females (82.08%). The results showed that 62.26% of the respondents had been using the same maxillary complete denture for more than 5 years, and 49.06% used the same mandible complete denture for more than 5 years. Of the patients interviewed, 58.49% slept with the dentures. Mechanical brushing was the most used cleaning method by the patients (100%), using water, dentifrice and toothbrush (84.91%). Most patients (51.89%) reported never having been instructed by their dentists as to how to clean their dentures. Based on the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the patients interviewed had limited knowledge about prosthetic hygiene and oral care. The method more used by patients was the mechanical method of brushing, most patients used the same complete dentures for more than 5 years and slept with the dentures.

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COMPORTAMENTO TEMPORAL DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA EM MUNICÍPIOS DE SÃO PAULO E PROVÍNCIAS DE CUBA

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2016v21n2p365-383 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 365

Author(s):

Esteban Choque Conde ◽

Ramilos Rodrigues De Brito ◽

Rodrigo Máximo Sánchez Román ◽

Ranses José Vasquez Montenegro

Keyword(s):

Water Deficit ◽

Reference Evapotranspiration ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Temporal Behavior ◽

São Paulo ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Summer Solstice ◽

Winter Solstice ◽

Semivariogram Analysis ◽

Future Demands

COMPORTAMENTO TEMPORAL DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA EM MUNICÍPIOS DE SÃO PAULO E PROVÍNCIAS DE CUBA ESTEBAN CHOQUE CONDE1; RAMILOS RODRIGUES DE BRITO2; RANSES JOSÉ VÁZQUEZ MONTENEGRO3 E RODRIGO MÁXIMO SÁNCHEZ ROMÁN4 1Doutorando em Irrigação e Drenagem, UNESP/FCA, Botucatu, Brasil. email: [email protected]. Agrônomo, Doutorando em Irrigação e Drenagem, UNESP/FCA, Botucatu, Brasil.3Especialista em Meteorologia Agrícola, Instituto de Meteorologia La Habana, Cuba.4Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola, Professor UNESP/FCA, Botucatu, Brasil. 1 RESUMO A importância de determinar e modelar o comportamento temporal da Evapotranspiração de Referência (ETo) constitui-se na grande necessidade de gerar uma margem de confiança na programação e disponibilidade de água para irrigação, frente ao déficit hídrico das culturas agrícolas. O estudo foca-se na estimativa da ETo mediante a equação Penman-Monteith FAO-56, e a modelagem da tendência e comportamento temporal, mediante o método geoestatístico, baseado na análise de semivariograma e krigagem, nas localidades de Cuba (Güira de Melena, Bauta e Batabanó) e do Brasil (Franca, Piracicaba e São Paulo). Os resultados do ETo mostraram diferentes cenários, maiores amplitudes durante o solstício de verão e menores no solstício de inverno. Palavras chave: Evapotranspiração de referencia, Geoestatística, Krigagem CHOQUE C., E.; BRITO, R. R.; VAZQUEZ M., R. J.; SÁNCHEZ-ROMÁN, R. M. TEMPORAL BEHAVIOR OF REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO AND PROVINCES OF CUBA 2 ABSTRACT The importance of determining and modelling the temporal behavior of Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) lies in the need to generate a margin of confidence in programming and assess the availability of water for irrigation, considering future demands to diminish the water deficit for agricultural crops. The study focuses on the estimation of ETo by Penman-Monteith FAO-56 equation, and modeling the tendency and temporal behavior, by using semivariogram analysis and kriging as geo-statistical methods. The areas of study were Güira de Melena, Bauta and Batabanó in Cuba, and Franca, Piracicaba and São Paulo in Brazil. The results of the ETo showed several scenarios, larger amplitudes during the summer solstice and smaller in the winter solstice. Keywords: Reference evapotranspiration, Geostatistic, Kriging

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Cognitive function and risk factors in the older population: differences between the sexes

10.5327/1516-3180.387 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vinícius Lúcio de Barros ◽

Larissa Gomes Peres Bomfim ◽

Melyssa Alves Souza ◽

Danielle Ginsicke ◽

Mileny Esbravatti Stephano Colovati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Mini Mental State Examination ◽

Mmse Score ◽

The Elderly ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Brain Health ◽

The Mean ◽

State Examination ◽

Study Inclusion

Background: Studies have shown a sex difference in the cognitive dysfunction in the elderly where women are more susceptible to Alzheimer’s disease than men. Physical activity (PA) is an important strategy for brain health, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Santos has the largest proportion of the elderly population in São Paulo State (22%), but no studies have whether there are differences between the sexes in cognitive function. Objective: To evaluate the differences between the sexes in the cognitive function of the elderly and which factors are associated with this difference. Methods: Ninety-seven women and sixty-nine men were eligible for the study. Inclusion criteria were >65 years old, no severe cognitive impairment, preserved activities of daily living. Cognitive function and PA were assessed by the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Baecke questionnaire. Results: The mean age was 75±7 and 73±7, for women and men, respectively. Both sexes showed a similar MMSE score (26, varying between 14 and 30) that was inversely associated with age. The influence of the schooling status on MMSE was greater in women (r=0.49, p=0.0001) compared to men (r= 0.30, p9. Conclusions: The MMSE score is affected by the aging process similarly between the sexes. The years of schooling have an influence on cognitive function in women that is attenuated by higher PA. Ethical Committee: CAAE 20938619.4.0000.5509. Financial Support: São Paulo Research Foundation.

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Spatial and temporal variability of leaf wetness duration in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162008000700006 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (spe) ◽

pp. 26-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Emília Hamada ◽

Raquel Ghini ◽

Jeferson Lobato Fernandes ◽

Mário José Pedro Júnior ◽

Paulo Rossi

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Leaf Wetness ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽

São Paulo ◽

Leaf Wetness Duration ◽

The Mean

One of the main factors influencing the occurrence of plant diseases is the leaf wetness duration (LWD). However, this climatic parameter is not generally and systematically recorded at meteorological stations, and the alternative to obtain an estimate for LWD is the use of mathematical models. The objective of this study was to estimate LWD for the State of São Paulo, on the basis of the number of hours with relative humidity equal to or higher than 90%, and also plot them on a map with help of the Geographical Information System (GIS) tool. Using daily relative humidity data from ten meteorological stations of the State, for six years, adjustment equations were obtained for different LWD periods (hours day-1) (R² from 0.58 to 0.81) and of number of days (ND) per month with LWD for a period equal to or higher than ten consecutive hours (R² from 0.57 to 0.75), both as functions of the mean relative humidity. The mean LWD and the mean ND varied among the different regions of the State and different periods of the year. The smallest estimated values of mean annual LWD and ND were observed for the west region of the State, and the highest values for the coastal region.

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Análise de indicadores de saneamento básico e densidade populacional na Unidade de Negócio Oeste Sabesp

Revista DAE ◽

10.36659/dae.2020.004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 221 (68) ◽

pp. 42-52

Author(s):

Bruno Pereira Toniolo

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Future Studies ◽

Demographic Dynamics ◽

Basic Sanitation ◽

Urban Solid Waste ◽

The Mean ◽

The One

Este artigo tem o intuito de analisar a situação do saneamento básico em 2015 por meio de indicadores e sua relação com a dinâmica demográfica dos anos 2000 e 2015 na Unidade de Negócio Oeste (MO) da Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo (Sabesp) pelo uso do geoprocessamento. Foram criados mapas no software QGIS que possibilitaram a espacialização dos indicadores analisados para os anos de 2010 e 2015, os quais são: a) atendimento de água, b) atendimento de esgoto, c) perdas na distribuição, d) cobertura de co- leta direta de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) e e) massa coletada de RSU. Houve um aumento na densidade populacional média da MO que saltou dos 5.414,73 hab./km² em 2000 para os 6.650,26 hab./km² em 2015, resultando em uma aglomeração maior de pessoas nas áreas urbanizadas. Dos indicadores, cinco tiveram uma relativa melhoria e um, o de perdas na distribuição, teve um retrocesso. A metodologia é útil para avaliar os in- dicadores, a servir como balizadora para estudos futuros em outras áreas operadas pela Sabesp. Palavras-chave: Esgotamento Sanitário. Abastecimento de Água Potável. Resíduos Sólidos. Densidade De- mográfica. Geoprocessamento. This article intends to analyze the situation of basic sanitation in 2015 through indicators and its relation with the demographic dynamics of the years 2000 and 2015 in the Business Unit West (MO) of the Sanitation Company of the State of São Paulo (Sabesp) through the use of geoprocessing. The maps were created in the QGIS software that enabled the spatialization of the analyzed indicators for the years 2010 and 2015, which are: a) water supply, b) sewage service, c) distribution losses, d) direct collection of urban solid waste and e) mass collected from urban solid wasted. There was an increase in the mean population density of MO from 5,414.73 inhab./km² in 2000 to 6,650.26 inhab./km² in 2015, resulting in a larger population crowding in urbanized areas. Of the indicators, five had a relative improvement and one, the one of losses in the distribution, had a setback. The methodology is useful to evaluate the indicators, to serve as a beacon for future studies in other areas operated by SABESP. Keywords: Sanitary sewage. Drinking Water Supply. Solid Waste. Demographic Density. Geoprocessing.

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Exploratory analysis of requests for authorization to dispense high-cost medication to COPD patients: the São Paulo “protocol”

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/1806-3713/e20180355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Regina Maria Carvalho-Pinto ◽

Ingredy Tavares da Silva ◽

Lucas Yoshio Kido Navacchia ◽

Flavia Munhos Granja ◽

Gustavo Garcia Marques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sao Paulo ◽

Public Health Care ◽

São Paulo ◽

Local Public Health ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Male Patients ◽

The Mean ◽

The Government ◽

Long Acting

ABSTRACT Objective: A resolution passed by the government of the Brazilian state of São Paulo established a protocol for requesting free COPD medications, including tiotropium bromide, creating regional authorization centers to evaluate and approve such requests, given the high cost of those medications. Our objective was to analyze the requests received by an authorization center that serves cities in the greater metropolitan area of (the city of) São Paulo between 2011 and 2016. Methods: Data regarding the authorization, return, or rejection of the requests were compiled and analyzed in order to explain those outcomes. Subsequently, the clinical and functional data related to the patients were evaluated. Results: A total of 7,762 requests for dispensing COPD medication were analyzed. Requests related to male patients predominated. Among the corresponding patients, the mean age was 66 years, 12% were smokers, 88% had frequent exacerbations, and 84% had severe/very severe dyspnea. The mean FEV1 was 37.2% of the predicted value. The total number of requests decreased by 24.5% from 2012 to 2013 and was lowest in 2015. Most (65%) of the requests were accepted. The main reasons for the rejection/return of a request were a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio > 0.7, a post-bronchodilator FEV1 > 50% of the predicted value, and failure to provide information regarding previous use of a long-acting β2 agonist. During the study period, the total number of requests returned/rejected decreased slightly, and there was improvement in the quality of the data included on the forms. Conclusions: Here, we have identified the characteristics of the requests for COPD medications and of the corresponding patients per region served by the authorization center analyzed, thus contributing to the improvement of local public health care measures.

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