scholarly journals The Development of an Instrument on Negative Fractions to Measure the Cognitive Obstacle Based on Mental Mechanism Stages

TEM Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1357-1362
Author(s):  
Susiswo Susiswo ◽  
Tatik Retno Murniasih ◽  
Cholis Sa’dijah ◽  
Makbul Muksar ◽  
Wasilatul Murtafiah
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Meaningful Learning ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Negative Numbers ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
High Level

The cognitive obstacle is a thinking barrier of pre-service teachers caused by less meaningful learning and the difficult nature of fraction material. The pre-service teachers’ cognitive obstacle measurement is done by giving negative fraction questions that contradict positive fractions. This research objective is to develop an instrument that can measure cognitive obstacles based on mental mechanism stages. This development research uses three stages of 4D development: defining, designing, and developing. The research participants were 71 preservice teachers from two different universities in Malang, Indonesia. The research findings show that questions of a negative fraction have a high level of validity in measuring the cognitive obstacle of preservice teachers. Triangulation is recommended for further research related to cognitive obstacles that arise when solving fraction problems of negative numbers.

scholarly journals Developing Anxiety Scale of Writing Thesis on Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Citra Tectona Suryawati ◽  
Ribut Purwaningrum ◽  
Agus Tri Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Student Anxiety ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
High Level ◽  
Thesis Writing

The obligation to complete studies is one thing that must be experienced by a student. One of the obligations as a student in completing studies is the preparation of a thesis. This study aims to produce a thesis anxiety scale instrument for students which is a non-test instrument. This research is development research that uses three stages of development, namely preliminary research, prototyping stage and assessment phase. The subjects in this study were 131 students from 23 study programs in the Faculty of Education, Sebelas Maret University. The student anxiety instrument in the thesis developed three important indicators that affect anxiety, namely cognitive aspects, affective aspects and psychomotor aspects. Data analysis using the percentage of agreements and product moment analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are 29 items of thesis anxiety that are declared valid with a high level of reliability. Anxiety in writing this thesis greatly affects student performance and has an impact on the duration of thesis writing.

scholarly journals Fraction Sense: An Analysis of Preservice Mathematics Teachers’ Cognitive Obstacles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-47
Author(s):  
Tatik Retno Murniasih ◽  
Cholis Sa'dijah ◽  
Makbul Muksar ◽  
Susiswo
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Meaningful Learning ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Language Representation ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Preservice Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Learning Language

Research on cognitive obstacles related to fraction sense in preservice mathematics teachers is significant, because their success depends on their skills. The acquisition of fraction sense is a complicated problem requiring a strategy to solve it. This study presents cognitive obstacles with fraction sense tests in preservice who will teach in secondary schools. It focuses on the following categories of cognitive obstacles: epistemological (language representation, tendency to generalise and rely on intuition) and didactic (less meaningful learning, and strategy). This paper takes a qualitative descriptive approach to examine 20 preservice mathematics teachers. The preservice teachers who encountered cognitive obstacles related to fraction sense testing were then grouped based on the similarity of their answers, and seven of them were selected to be interviewed. The research findings showed that five preservice teachers had overlapping obstacles: language representation and tendency to generalise; tendency to generalise and less meaningful learning; language representation, tendency to rely on intuition and trial and error strategy in; language representation and trial and error; and language representation and tendency to rely on intuition.

I said, they said: The ethnographic backstage and the politics of producing engaged anthropology

Ethnography ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146613812110168
Author(s):  
Roseann Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Engaged Anthropology ◽  
Equal Power ◽  
Critical Aspects

Two commonly articulated goals of engaged anthropology include: 1) creating equal power relations with research participants; and 2) producing scholarship that critiques inequality. Though these seem commensurate, this article discusses how working toward both goals can lead to conflict when collaborators vehemently disagree with the critical aspects of your research findings. This article argues that writing about the ethnographic backstage — the background negotiations that rarely make it to the printed page — can help engaged anthropologists foster more egalitarian relations when it comes to ethnographic representation and can sharpen our sociocultural critiques. Because engaged anthropology, by definition, is shaped by negotiations with research participants, examining the ethnographic backstage helps us better understand an important axis in the production of anthropological knowledge.

A multiperspective on the broad dissemination of research findings to past research participants and the community-at-large

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilicia L Mayo-Gamble ◽  
Jennifer Cunningham-Erves ◽  
Chioma Kas-Osoka ◽  
George W Johnson ◽  
Nicole Frazier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Dissemination Of Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Dissemination Process ◽  
Research Continuum

Abstract Dissemination of research findings to past research participants and the community-at-large is a critical element to improving health outcomes, yet it is often overlooked by researchers. Few studies have explored how to provide study findings to the community, and no studies have investigated how community members can be involved in this process. This study explored views on the broad dissemination of research findings to community members and the role of the community in the dissemination process. We conducted a comparative analysis from the perspective of researchers, community members, and program officers (POs) from national health research funding agencies. Semistructured interviews were conducted with community members (African American, N = 10; Latino, N = 10), academic researchers (N = 10), and POs (N = 5). Thematic analysis was utilized in which codes and themes were created. One cross-cutting theme was identified, Views on Disseminating Research Findings to Communities. There were three additional themes identified among community members, five among researchers, and four among POs. All groups perceived the value of dissemination to communities as meaningful and ethical. Groups differed in their perceptions of prioritization of dissemination audiences. This study highlighted consensus on the value of broad dissemination to the community-at-large and identified areas of insufficiency in the translational research continuum that could be expanded or improved to ensure targeted groups receive the intended benefits of positive research findings. The long-term benefit of disseminating findings to the community-at-large is increased acceptability of interventions and reduced mistrust in research and researchers.

Budaya Organisasi dan Komitmen Guru Dalam Pelaksanaan Pengurusan Kualiti Menyeluruh di Sekolah–sekolah Menengah Zon Bukit Mertajam

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keow Ngang Tang ◽  
Abdul Ghani Kanesan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Total Quality Management ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
High Level

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor–faktor berkaitan Pengurusan Kualiti Menyeluruh (PKM) di sekolah–sekolah menengah zon Bukit Mertajam. Faktor–faktor yang dikaji ialah budaya organisasi dan komitmen guru. Kajian yang berbentuk tinjauan korelasi ini merangkumi sejumlah 300 orang guru dari 19 buah sekolah menengah zon Bukit Mertajam yang telah dipilih dengan menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak mudah. Satu set instrumen kajian yang terdiri daripada tiga bahagian iaitu PKM, budaya organisasi, dan komitmen guru dengan nilai alfa Cronbach masing–masing 0.881, 0.921, dan 0.852 telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Secara deskriptifnya, dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan: (i) Kebanyakan responden iaitu 65.6 peratus mempunyai persepsi bahawa amalan PKM di sekolah mereka adalah pada tahap yang sederhana manakala persepsi 30.4 peratus responden berada pada tahap tinggi; (ii) Sebanyak 67.3 peratus responden mempunyai persepsi bahawa budaya organisasi mereka berada pada tahap yang sederhana positif; (iii) Kesemua responden berkomitmen sederhana dan tinggi. Di samping itu, penganalisisan data menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara budaya organisasi (r = 0.725) dan komitmen guru (r = 0.901) dengan tahap PKM pada aras signifikan 0.01. Hasil kajian daripada analisis regresi pelbagai kaedah ‘Forward’ pula menunjukkan budaya organisasi dan komitmen guru merupakan peramal yang telah berjaya menyumbang sebanyak 81.7 peratus dalam pelaksanaan PKM ini. Kata kunci: Pengurusan kualiti menyeluruh, budaya organisasi, komitmen guru The aim of this research was to study factors associated with Total Quality Management (TQM) in secondary schools Bukit Mertajam zone. Factors that were studied are organizational culture and teachers’ commitment. This descriptive correlational survey research involved a total of 300 teachers from 19 secondary schools in Bukit Mertajam zone that were selected using the simple random sampling method. A set of research instrument comprising of the three section, namely TQM, organizational culture and teachers’ commitment with Cronbach Alpha value 0.881, 0.921 and 0.852 respectively has been used in this research. In descriptive terms, the research findings showed that: (i) Most of the respondents, 65.6 percent perceived the practice of TQM in their schools was at the moderate level while 30.4 percent respondents perceived the practice of TQM was at the high level; (ii) A total of 67.3 percent respondents perceived their organizational culture as moderate positive level; (iii) All respondents were at the moderate and high commitment. In addition, the data analysis showed that there were positive and significant relationships between the organizational culture (r = 0.725) and teachers’ commitment (r = 0.901) with the level of TQM at significent level = 0.01. Findings of the “Forward” method of multiple regression showed that organizational culture and teachers’ commitment were the predictors in which have successfully contributed 81.7 percent to the practice of TQM. Key words: Total Quality Management, organizational culture, teachers’ commitment

scholarly journals Research and Publication Ethics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-207
Author(s):  
PO Olatunji
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Early Research ◽  
Publication Ethics ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Research Period

Research is an effort to seek the truth and communicate it. In the process, participants or subjects of research must be recognised and respected, and the principles of research ethics must protect the vulnerable from exploitation. The researcher must do the reporting of research findings with honesty and professionalism. Non-adherence to the above principles in the early research period resulted in gross abuse of personality and autonomy. Research is now subjected to rigorous scrutiny to stem the tide of abuse and ascertain and guarantee the sanctity of the research participants, process and product. These are the fundamentals of the practice of ethics in both research and publication. In effect, this paper aims to address ethics and its application to research and publications.

scholarly journals Prospective preschool and primary school teachers’ knowledge and opinion about gamification

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Edina-Tímea OPRIȘ ◽  
Éva BÁLINT-SVELLA ◽  
Iuliana ZSOLDOS-MARCHIȘ
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Gamification is a rather new method in education and unfortunately is not a widely known method among Hungarian primary school teachers in Romania. This paper presents the knowledge and opinion of pre-service preschool and primary school teachers about gamification and its use in education. In this study 81 Primary and Preschool Pedagogy students from BabeșBolyai University were participated, 80 of them were female and 1 male. 40 students are in first year and 41 in second year of their studies. The research was carried out during February-March 2020 at Babeș-Bolyai University, Romania. To get to know their point of view and knowledge about gamification, an online questionnaire was developed by the authors. The obtained data was quantitatively (closed questions) and qualitatively (open questions) analyzed. According to the results, half of the students think that there is no difference between gamification and game-based learning and for three quarter it is difficult to see the differences. This is surprising as students were taught about gamification before filling in the questionnaire. Students perceive a high level of utility of gamification in education. The most frequently mentioned benefits by the participants are that gamification motivates and actively involves students. Even if participants gave many advantages of integrating gamification in education, the biggest disadvantage is related with the time necessary for preparation of a gamified lesson and for the time-allocation during the lesson. As obstacles of using gamification, they mentioned the negative attitude or/and lack of methodological knowledge of some teachers and the constrains of the curriculum. Most of the preservice teachers prefer both paper-pencil based and technology-aid gamification. They consider solving exercises the most suitable for gamification.

scholarly journals GROUNDED THEORY METHODOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL INNOVATIONS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa PRANSKŪNIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Grounded Theory Methodology ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
The World

Although the Grounded Theory (GT) methodology has been developed for over 50 years and is one of the most popular methodologies in the world, it is not often used in rural development research. In order to update the possibilities of applying GT in rural development research, this article is based on the analysis of scientific literature and presents the evolution of the development of GT methodology and the possibilities of its application in rural development research. The classic GT strategy is discussed in more detail, as methodology which provides the possibility to researcher to look at the phenomenon from inside without formulating the hypothesis, i.e., to “emerge” the theory, which reveals the main concern and explains how it is resolved, by conceptualizing the authentic experiences of research participants. The article aims to explain that classic GT is a “full package” approach, discusses its coding process; reveales the principles of the emerging classic GT. The GT methodology is discussed as the paradigm that can help researchers discover new insights and develop new theories, explaining the processes of social innovations for rural development.

scholarly journals Validity of The Abtract Algebra Teaching Book

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Leo Adhar Effendi ◽  
Sindi Amelia
Keyword(s):  
Small Groups ◽  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Abstract Algebra ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Evaluation Design ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Difficult Subjects

The Abstract Algebra is one of the most difficult subjects for students. In this course, students are required to have several textbooks as their reading source. However, the existing textbooks do not guide students in carrying out the process of preparing evidence and tend to speak non-Indonesian languages. The purpose of this research is to design and develop textbooks on abstract algebra courses which contain proofs in full step by step that can improve the ability to organize evidence. This type of research is development research with formative evaluation design consisting of self-evaluation, prototyping (expert reviews, one-to-one, and small groups), and field tests. The validity of the development of abstract algebra textbook is passed through the stages of self-evaluation and expert reviews. The results showed that the prototype of abstract algebra teaching books had a very high level of validity (89.29%).

scholarly journals The program of communicative and personal development of primary schoolchildren within the framework of an innovative university-school partnership: Evaluation of the effectiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-32
Author(s):  
Yulia Valerievna Batenova ◽  
◽  
Marina Yuryevna Buslaeva ◽  
Marina Nikolaevna Tereshchenko ◽  
Nadezhda Borisovna Novikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Communicative Development ◽  
Communication Program ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
School Partnership ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
High Level

Introduction. The article addresses the problem of primary schoolchildren’s communicative and personal development within the frameworks of an innovative university-school partnership. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the program aimed at communicative and personal development of primary schoolchildren and to identify psychological and educational factors contributing to its implementation. Materials and Methods. The research follows learner-centered, semiotic, and hermeneutic approaches. In order to assess communicative development of primary schoolchildren, the following empirical methods were used: G. A. Zuckerman’s ‘Mittens’ inventory, O. G. Mishanova’s ‘Polite words’ inventory, G. A. Zuckerman’s ‘Dictation Pattern’ inventory, the ‘Brothers and Sisters’ method (modified samples of Zh. Piaget). The study involved 50 primary schoolchildren and 4 primary school teachers. To analyze the empirical data and evaluate the dynamics, the Wilcoxon T-test was used, which ensures the validity and reliability of research findings. Results. The article analyzes and summarizes the experience of currently available programs aimed at social and communicative development of primary schoolchildren. The authors have developed a program enhancing primary schoolchildren’s communicative development, theoretically justified and implemented it. The explanatory and heuristic potential of methodological principles and approaches to solving this problem has been revealed. The authors describe an educational technology called ‘a hermeneutic circle’ and illustrate it by means of a text analyzes focusing on its expediency, relevance, and communicative significance for effective cognition of the language essence and training communicative skills. The research findings indicate the effectiveness of the program called ‘Culture of speech and ethics of communication’ in the communicative and personal development of primary schoolchildren in four areas: communication as cooperation; communication as management; communication as interiorization; communication as interaction. Relying on these directions, the authors have identified and described the following parameters of the integral communicative and personal development: the level of dialogic communication, the level of communication ethics, the level of communication productivity, the level of understanding of the other participants. Conclusions. The article concludes that the implementation of ‘Culture of speech and ethics of communication’ program and creating a psychologically beneficial learning environment have led to a high level of communicative and personal development of primary schoolchildren who consider language as a cultural, ethical, and aesthetic value.

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