scholarly journals ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS OF INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS IN DENTISTRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Елена Гайсина ◽  
Elena Gaysina ◽  
Татьяна Еловикова ◽  
Tat'yana Elovicova ◽  
Надежда Изможерова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
The World ◽  
High Risk Factor ◽  
Serious Disease

Background. Infective endocarditis is a serious disease and has the risk of disability and high mortality. This disease can be a terrible complication of both general surgical and dental invasive procedures. The problem of infective endocarditis is relevant in most countries of the world, which determine the need for targeted prevention of dental interventions. The most important pathogenetic component of this disease is transient bacteremia, which develops when the skin and mucous membrane of the oral cavity are damaged under the influence of various traumatic agents. Antibiotic prophylaxis prevents of infective endocarditis and helps to reduce the risk. Objectives ― to identify and analyze the most effective methods of antibiotic prophylaxis of IE at the dental admission. Methodology. A review of literature - publications of domestic and foreign studies using the scientific search library databases PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Elibrary. Total found 38 publications from Russia, USA, Germany, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Japan and other countries. Results. The review examines studies - questioning people, clinical studies with "double glare", publication of patents, revealing the attitude to antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis at a dental reception in the world, and also analyzed the choice of drugs and their use. Conclusions. The most preferred option is to carry out antibiotic prophylaxis of the disease in people with a high risk factor, which include patients with prosthetic heart valves, congenital heart defects and patients with a history of infectious endocarditis. The drug of choice among antibacterial agents is the use of amoxicillin / clavulanic acid combination.

scholarly journals Prophylaxis of infective endocarditis

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Sakac ◽  
Dragan Kovacevic ◽  
Slobodan Sekulic
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology

Introduction. Infective endocarditis is defined as an infection of the endothelial surface of the heart and heart valves, above all. It is a great challenge for doctors to diagnose infective endocarditis especially in primary health care, because this is a disease in evolution, bearing in mind changes in epidemiological and clinical characteristics, which developed in the last decades. Even today this is a very severe and insidious disease, with poor prognosis and high mortality. Prevention of Infective Endocarditis. Although previous guidelines proposed a limitation to prophylaxis in patients at increased risk of adverse outcome of infective endocarditis, new guidelines recommend the principles of antibiotic prophylaxis when performing procedures at risk of infective endocarditis in patients with predisposing cardiac conditions, and limit its indication to patients at the highest risk of infective endocarditis undergoing the highest risk procedures. Conclusion. Despite the fact that previous guidelines for diagnostics and treatment of infective endocarditis were published only several years ago, the Task Force on Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology identify infective endocarditis as a clearly evolving disease, with changes in its microbiological profile and higher incidence of health care associated cases which has brought about a need for new recommendations to help health care providers in making clinical decisions including preventive measures and antibiotic prophylaxis. As a novelty, a group of patients at the highest risk of infective endocarditis was defined as well as the type of procedures at risk divided into four categories.

scholarly journals Prevention of the infective endocarditis during the dental procedures

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
Tatjana Puskar ◽  
S. Puskar ◽  
Z. Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Defect ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Intervention ◽  
Infective Disease ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Circulation Of The Blood

Endocarditis is endovascular infective disease of intracardiac structures, which are in contact with blood. The most common cause is Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus viridans, which inhabit oral cavity. During dental intervention, which includes gingival trauma (risky dental intervention) microorganisms that cause infective endocarditis could penetrate into circulation of the blood. The group of high risk patients consists of patients which have already had infective endocarditis, patients with prosthetic heart valves or other foreign endovascular bodies, patients with congenital heart defect, patients with acquired heart defect, prolapse of mitral valve with registered mitral regurgitation and hyphertrophic cardiomiopathy. Those groups of patients should have prevention from infective endocarditis before any risky dental intervention with bactericidal dosage of wide spectrum antibiotics at least an hour before the procedure. .

scholarly journals A Contemporary Strategy for the Surgical Treatment of Destructive Forms of Infective Endocarditis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
A. P. Medvedev ◽  
V. E. Babokin ◽  
Yu. A. Sobolev ◽  
V. V. Pichugin ◽  
V. A. Chiginev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Congenital Heart Defects ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Surgical Interventions

Introduction. Despite recent achievements in medicine, many issues in the diagnosis and treatment of infective endocarditis (IE) remain outstanding. This is mainly due both to an increase in the incidence and changes in the clinical picture of this nosology. An important factor here is the continuing presence of existing principles governing the approach to the surgical treatment of infective endocarditis, including prosthetic endocarditis.Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated approach to the treatment of infective endocarditis in patients with valvular heart disease on the basis of 37 years of experience.Materials and methods. An analysis of the surgical treatment of 1097 patients with infectious lesions of the valvular heart apparatus was carried out. The mean age of the sample was 35.1 ± 9.7 years (from 4 months to 68 years); 67.2 % were men, while women made up 32.8 %. Additionally, 122 patients had infectious lesions affecting 2 or more valves. In 109 cases, valvular prosthetic endocarditis was diagnosed; in 37 patients, IE was detected against the background of congenital heart defects. 99 patients had perianular abscesses. Of all surgical interventions carried out, 18 were repeated, including those with non-valvular congenital heart defects.Results and discussion. Overall hospital mortality was 4.3 % (47 patients). In patients with IE complicated by a congenital heart defect (CHD), mortality was 14.7 %; with endocarditis of mechanical heart valves — 13.2 %; in drug-dependent patients — 4.5 %; with infectious destruction of native heart valves — 2.8 %; in patients with a background of electrodeinduced endocarditis, no deaths during hospitalisation were observed.Conclusions. The effectiveness of surgical intervention of infective endocarditis can reach 85.4 %. When supplemented with pathogenetic and etiotropic therapy, surgical correction of affected heart structures contributes to the rapid and reliable sanitation of all infection foci, as well as to a reduction in multiple organ failure. Timely surgery significantly reduces the degree of heart failure and improves the NYHA functional class. In the long term, reconstructive interventions contribute to a better heart recovery than prosthetic operations. It should be noted that the proposed treatment approach for this group of patients creates conditions for adequate labour and social rehabilitation in a distant postoperative period. 

Cardiovascular drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding

2010 ◽  
pp. 225-256
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Kaski
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
In Pregnancy

Cardiac disease in pregnancy 226 Hypertension 228 Arrhythmias 238 Prosthetic heart valves 244 Valvular heart disease 248 Congenital heart disease 249 Antibiotic prophylaxis peripartum 250 Cardiomyopathy 251 Ischaemic heart disease 253 Cardiac disease is the leading cause of mortality in pregnancy, although overall only small numbers of women are affected. ...

scholarly journals Bacillus cereus Subacute Native Valve Infective Endocarditis and Its Multiple Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Jemimah Nallarajah ◽  
M. I. Mujahieth
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Native Valve ◽  
Glomerular Nephritis

Bacillus cereus causing infective endocarditis (IE) in a native valve is an extremely rare event, but it is reported mostly in intravenous drug abusers and other risk factors as immunosuppression, malignancy, and valvular heart disease including prosthetic heart valves. We report a case of B.cereus native mitral valve infective endocarditis in a 58-year-old Sri Lankan male who is not a drug abuser who presented with painless hematuria with reduced urine output. During hospital stay, he developed frequent episodes of brief focal seizures. He had undergone multiple investigations that revealed splenic abscesses, cerebral vasculitis, and glomerular nephritis with positive rheumatoid factor, cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA), and cryoglobulin. The appropriate antibiotic was the prime therapeutic intervention which carried an excellent prognosis. This case highlights an unusual organism in the blood culture that caused IE warranting thorough physical examination and investigations.

scholarly journals Achromobacterspecies endocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. e17-e20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Derber ◽  
Kara Elam ◽  
Betty A. Forbes ◽  
Gonzalo Bearman
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Prolonged Antibiotic Therapy

Endocarditis due toAchromobacterspecies is a rare, yet serious, endovascular infection.Achromobacterspecies infective endocarditis is associated with underlying immunodeficiencies or prosthetic heart valves and devices. A case of prosthetic pulmonary valve endocarditis secondary toAchromobacter xylosoxidanssubspeciesdenitrificansis described in the present report. This life-threatening infection was successfully treated with combined valve replacement and prolonged antibiotic therapy. A Medline/PubMed literature review ofAchromobacterendocarditis was also performed.Achromobacterspecies are an uncommon, yet important, cause of nosocomial endocarditis. Given the significant associated morbidity and mortality, along with a high degree of intrinsic antibiotic resistance,Achromobacterspecies infective endocarditis remains a clinical treatment challenge.

The Effect of Dipyridamole and RA 233 on Human Platelet Function in Vitro

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Rifkin ◽  
Marjorie B. Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Human Platelet ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Simple Relation ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryDipyridamole (Persantin) is reported to prolong platelet survival and inhibit embolism in patients with prosthetic heart valves, but its mechanism of action is unknown. Fifty jxM dipyridamole failed to reduce the high percentage of platelets retained when heparinized human blood was passed through a glass bead column, but prolonged the inhibition of retention caused by disturbing blood in vitro. Possibly the prostheses act like disturbance. Although RA 233 was as effective as dipyridamole in inhibiting the return of retention, it was less effective in preventing the uptake of adenosine into erythrocytes, and more active in inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation and release. Thus there is no simple relation between these drug effects.

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