scholarly journals Exports of Services, Output and Productivity Growth in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
Maja Bacovic
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we analyse the impact of service exports on GDP and productivity growth in a sample of thirty-eight European countries for the period 2000-2019. Descriptive statistics analysis of the panel data shows that growth in exports of goods is more positively related to GDP growth, total fixed assets growth and productivity growth, while growth in export of services is more positively related to employment growth. In addition, the analysis shows that the volume of exports (in terms of its share in relation to GDP) of knowledge-intensive services (information and communication, other business services, intellectual property) is higher in more developed countries (measured as GDP per person). The pooled panel OLS model (fixed effects) with GDP growth rate and labour productivity growth as the dependent variables shows a positive impact on GDP growth of exports of services, although the positive impact of growth in exports of goods is higher. It applies to labour productivity growth, with a larger positive impact from exports of goods than services.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF FDI, TECHNOLOGICAL GAP AND SECTORAL LEVEL PRODUCTIVITY IN THE VISEGRAD GROUP

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Kamil Makieła ◽  
Liwiusz Wojciechowski ◽  
Krzysztof Wach
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Sectoral Output ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
Sample Heterogeneity

The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth and productivity in sectors of the Visegrad Group one decade after their accession to the EU. In order to account for sample heterogeneity, as well as productivity differences, we construct a generalized true random-effects model with varying efficiency distribution. We find that FDI has a positive impact on the Visegrad Group’s sectors and that its effectiveness depends upon the technological gap between the host and home economy. There are three sources of this positive impact: (i) sectoral output and labour productivity growth, (ii) more effective use of input factors, and via (iii) higher efficiency component of the total factor productivity (TFP). These sources form a three-way transmission mechanism through which FDI can impact economic growth conditioned upon FDI effectiveness due to the technological gap.

The Role of Information and Communications Technology Inputs

2003 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 58-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary O'Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Role Of Information

The impact of recent advances in information technology on output and productivity growth has been one of the key research questions in the past few years. A consensus has emerged that the use of information and communications technology (ICT) capital has had a significant impact on aggregate economy-wide labour productivity growth through the capital deepening channel in the United States in the 1990s (see the discussion and references in the papers below). Evidence is also emerging of a delayed but nonetheless significant impact in European and other OECD economies. These findings have stimulated additional research using microeconomic data focusing on both the industry or company level.

scholarly journals A Study on Customer Satisfaction towards Banking Service

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Aamir Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Proxy Variable ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Banking Service ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
The Impact

The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of new economic reforms of 1991 on Indian economy in general and GDP growth rate in particular. From the trend analysis of GDP and its major determinants, it was found that all variables performed really well in the post reform period in contrast to the pre reform period. The regression analysis confirmed that the GDP growth of India is significantly affected by imports and surprisingly FDI inflows were found to be insignificant. A dummy variable which was incorporated as a proxy variable for economic reforms of 1991 was found to be positive and significant which asserted that the economic reforms had made a positive impact on GDP growth of India. To enhance the GDP growth, the imports should be further enhanced; the composition of imports should be directed towards capital goods rather than consumer goods imports. Distribution of FDI should be organized in a systematic and coherent manner and should not be just directed towards white goods industries which cater the needs of rich sections of society. Some portion of FDI inflows should be directed towards smaller projects, (unregistered manufacturing) which in country like India augments employment levels thereby increasing the production and productivity. Finally, in order to boost the GDP growth in India it is argued that the important constituents of GDP should be further promoted through liberal policies in a systematic manner.

scholarly journals Technology, TFPG and Employment: A Panel Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Malik ◽  
Arup Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper based on the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) panel data set makes an attempt to estimate total factor productivity growth across countries. Productivity convergence over time is evident when countries are divided across regions which could be attributed to a greater degree of association of countries in a given region pursuing joint efforts for infrastructural development, ICT coverage and advancement, trade negotiations, technology acquisition and innovation, and inflow of FDI. In terms of efficiency estimates for select years most of the countries are seen to be operating much below the frontier. This is indicative of the fact that countries are keen to pursue resource-driven growth in an attempt to maximize it. Based on the inter-temporal data we observed that a number of countries registered either a negative or a positive but low correlation between labour productivity growth and TFPG. Evidently, countries are engaged in greater mechanization which may be raising labour productivity without ushering in much success in terms of TFPG. From panel data regression the impact of technology perceived in terms of TFPG, on employment is seen to be negligible though it is important to note that none of the groups, income or region wise, recorded a statistically significant negative effect except the LDC, while the significant cases (howsoever scanty) reveal a positive association. Appropriate incentives may motivate firms to experience technological progress and employment growth both.

scholarly journals The Impact of Time on Productivity in the Digital Transformation of the Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Irina Bogatyreva ◽  
Larisa Ilyukhina ◽  
Natalia Kozhukhova
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Resource

The paper is devoted to the study of labour productivity growth on the basis of labour hours management as a key resource of any company. Achieving the strategic goals that face the Russian economy requires the formation and implementation of new approaches to solve the problems of labour productivity growth. One of these approaches is effective time resource management. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to develop guidelines to improve productivity, taking into account the digital economy requirements on the basis of time resource management. Data collection monitoring and information study on the use of time resources in the surveyed enterprises, structure of labour hours costs and causes of losses allowed the authors to obtain reliable results of the study and to formulate reasonable conclusions. The authors developed a setup diagram of labour productivity increase due to the effective use of time resource. They determined the sequence of stages, specificated them, and established their relationship. The paper presents example of calculating possible productivity growth due to better use of working hours for one of the Samara enterprises and structures software products to account, analyse and evaluate the company’s time resource with their functionality description.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Impact of Exchange Rate, Inflation, Export and Import on Gross Domestic Product in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Papi Halder
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Impact

This study is about the impact of selected macroeconomic variables on economic growth of Bangladesh. Economic growth of Bangladesh is measured in terms of annual nominal GDP growth rate. Least squared regression model has been employed considering exchange rate, export, import and inflation rate as independent variables and gross domestic product as the dependent variable in this study. The results reveal that export and import have significant positive impact on GDP growth rate. The other variables (exchange rate and inflation) are not significant, indicating that there exists no significant relationship among the variables. The findings will help the policy makers to make policies concerning the country’s economic growth to remain robust in the near future.

Causal effects of immigration inflows on house prices in a traditionally non-destination country

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woei Chyuan Wong ◽  
Jan-Jan Soon
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the causal impact of international immigration inflows on housing prices at the state level in Malaysia from 2007 to 2018. Design/methodology/approach Hedonic regressions using both fixed effects and first difference approaches are used to estimate the impact of immigration inflows on house prices in Malaysia. This study deals with potential endogeneity of immigrants’ choices of destination states in Malaysia by using a shift-share instrument variable approach. Specifically, historical shares of immigrants in a state are used to predict current immigrant inflows to a particular state. The predicted value of immigration flows is then inserted into the house price regression models in place of the actual immigration flows. Findings Using annual data for 14 states from 2007 to 2018, this study documents the positive impact of immigration inflows on house prices in Malaysia. The authors find that a 1% increase in immigration inflows is associated with an increase of 10.2% (first difference) and 13.4% (fixed effects) in house prices. The economic impact is larger in magnitude than that found in developed countries. Contrary to existing studies that find immigration inflows to be associated with native flight, the authors find support for the attraction effects hypothesis, where immigration inflow is positive and significantly related to net native flows. Research limitations/implications The effects of immigration inflows are economically significant, considering that the effects are 10 times larger than those documented in the USA. Policymakers in Malaysia ought to monitor house price trends in immigrant-popular states to ensure that natives are not priced out by new immigrants. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is perhaps the first study to focus on the relationship between immigration inflows and house prices in Malaysia. Focusing on Malaysia has at least two originality aspects. First, Malaysia is relatively not an immigrant-popular destination. Second, Malaysia has a multiracial and heterogenous society among its natives. The findings, obtained within these two settings, would therefore provide a wider scope of result generalization, and natural experiment grounds for causal implications of our results.

The Impact of FDI Inflows and Outflows on Economic Growth: An Empirical Study of some Developed and Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-157
Author(s):  
Younis Ali Ahmed ◽  
Roshna Ramzi Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Panel Data Estimation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Data Estimation

FDI is an investment including a long-term relationship and reflecting a lasting interest and control of a resident entity in one economy. FDI is a combination of capital, technology, marketing and management. Based on the Neoclassical, Exogenous and modern theories FDI has a positive role in accelerating economic growth and development. Many countries are improving their economy in order to attract FDI.  The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of FDI inflows and outflows on economic growth of developed countries such as (USA, UK and France) and developing countries such as (Malaysia, Turkey and Iran) from (1980 to 2017). To accomplish that, ARDL approach and panel data estimation were used. The empirical findings reveal that the FDI inflows and outflows for developed countries (US and UK) have a positive impact on economic growth (GDP), while the FDI inflows of France have a negative impact. Nevertheless, FDI inflows and outflows for developing countries of (Malaysia, Turkey, and Iran) have a positive impact on economic growth. The result of panel data estimation shows that Fixed effects model is appropriate for estimating the parameters. In conclusion, Developing countries should diversify their FDI inflows and outflows to cover all the sectors and they should benefit from the developed countries’ experiences with higher impact of FDI on economic growth.

scholarly journals A Johansen Cointegration Test for the Relationship between Remittances and Economic Growth of Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwastika Naidu ◽  
Atishwar Pandaram ◽  
Anand Chand
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Remittance inflows have been a key stimulus to economic growth of many developing countries. There is scant literature available on the impact of remittance inflows and outflows on the economic growth of the large developed countries. For instance, there is little literature on the impact of remittance inflows and outflows on the economic growth rate of Japan. Hence this research objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between ‘remittance inflows’ and ‘outflows’ on the ‘economic growth rate’ of Japan. The paper by utilizing the World Bank data set and the econometric model namely the Granger Causality Model to test and analysis the impact of remittance inflows and outflows on the economic growth rate of Japan. The findings show that in the long run, a 1% increase in remittance outflows will decrease GDP growth rate by 0.000793%. In the short run, a 1% increase in remittance outflows and inflows will decrease GDP growth rate by 0.000599% and 0.000327% respectively. The Japanese government should encourage retired Japanese workers to return to the labour market and effectively contribute to the workforce and retired workers can be re-trained so that less foreign migrant workers are needed and this will reduce remittance outflow. 

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