scholarly journals Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Rotavirus and Norovirus Infections in Hospitalized Children Less Than 5 Years of Age With Acute Gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Arashkia ◽  
Behrooz Nejat ◽  
Mahsa Farsi ◽  
Somayeh Jalilvand ◽  
Alireza Nateghian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Severe Gastroenteritis ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay

Acute gastroenteritis is one of the most important causes of death in children in developing countries which cause by different enteropathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Among these, most of the acute gastroenteritis in children are caused by viral infections mainly by rotavirus and norovirus. This study aimed to study the epidemiological and clinical status of acute gastroenteritis resulting from rotavirus and norovirus in children between June 2015 and June 2016 in Iran. A total of 211 stool specimens were collected from Ali Asghar Children's Hospital and Bahrami Children's Hospital in Tehran, from June 2015 to June 2016. The samples were screened by commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) Ridascreen kit and real time RT-PCR to detect rotavirus and norovirus genogroups I and II, respectively. The information on demographic and clinical manifestations was collected, and data analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics version 22. Overall, the detection rate of rotavirus was 25.6 %, and for norovirus infection, it was 17.5%. All norovirus positive specimens belonged to genogroup II. Higher rates of rotavirus infections were observed in children from 7 to 24 months, and higher rates of norovirus infections were detected in children from 1 to 12 months. Clinical symptoms were not different between rotavirus and norovirus case-patients. The present study not only highlights the importance of rotavirus and norovirus infections in Iran but also verifies the relevance of norovirus as the cause of severe gastroenteritis in children.

Mixed viral infections causing acute gastroenteritis in children in a waterborne outbreak

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (9) ◽  
pp. 1227-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. RÄSÄNEN ◽  
S. LAPPALAINEN ◽  
S. KAIKKONEN ◽  
M. HÄMÄLÄINEN ◽  
M. SALMINEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Aichi Virus ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Waterborne Outbreak ◽  
Stool Specimens

SUMMARYWe examined stool specimens for viral pathogens from 50 children referred to hospital due to acute gastroenteritis (AGE) resulting from consuming drinking water contaminated with sewage in a Finnish community using PCR methods. Rotavirus was detected in 33 (66%), human calicivirus in 31 (62%), and both in 40% of cases. Of the caliciviruses, 20/31 (65%) were noroviruses and 11 (35%) sapoviruses. Furthermore, Aichi virus was detected in 25 (50%), adenovirus in six (12%) and bocavirus in four (8%) cases.Campylobacter jejuniwas present in 20 (61%) andSalmonellain four (12%) of the 33 stools cultured for bacteria. On a 20-point scale median severity score of AGE in the 28 hospitalized children was 17; the severity was similar regardless of viruses detected. Bloody diarrhoea occurred only whenC. jejuniwas present. To conclude, massive exposure to several AGE viruses caused mixed infections and severe AGE regardless of the aetiological agents.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and genetic diversity of human parechoviruses circulating among children hospitalised with acute gastroenteritis in Pune, Western India: a 5-years study

2017 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. PATIL ◽  
N. N. GANORKAR ◽  
V. GOPALKRISHNA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Western India ◽  
Vp1 Gene ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Predominant Genotype ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SUMMARYHuman parechoviruses (HPeVs) are known to cause various clinical manifestations including acute gastroenteritis. Although HPeV infections and their genotypes have been detected in human patients worldwide, no such reports are available from India to ascertain the association of HPeVs in acute gastroenteritis. The present study was conducted to determine the clinical features and genetic diversity of HPeVs detected in children hospitalised for acute gastroenteritis. Stool specimens (n= 979) collected from children aged ⩽5 years hospitalised for acute gastroenteritis in Pune, western India during January 2006–December 2010 were included. HPeV RNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (5′UTR) followed by genotyping using VP1 gene-based PCR and phylogenetic analysis. HPeV was detected in 13·9% (136/979) of the cases, co-infections with other enteric viruses were found in 43·4%. HPeV was more frequent in children ⩽1 year age with infections reported throughout the year. A total of 102/136 (75%) HPeV strains were genotyped, which comprised 13 different HPeV genotypes. Of these, HPeV1 was the most predominant genotype detected and phylogenetically clustered with the Harris strain which is rarely reported. The study documents circulation of heterogeneous HPeV genotypes. Two variant strains of HPeV4 and ‘RGD absent’ HPeV5 and 6 strains were also detected. This is the first report of HPeV with diversified genotypes identified in acute gastroenteritis patients from India.

scholarly journals Can Clinical Symptoms and Laboratory Results Predict CT Abnormality? Initial Findings Using Novel Machine Learning Techniques in Children With COVID-19 Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijing Ma ◽  
Qinghao Ye ◽  
Weiping Ding ◽  
Yinghui Jiang ◽  
Minhao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Children’S Hospital

The rapid spread of coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) has manifested a global public health crisis, and chest CT has been proven to be a powerful tool for screening, triage, evaluation and prognosis in COVID-19 patients. However, CT is not only costly but also associated with an increased incidence of cancer, in particular for children. This study will question whether clinical symptoms and laboratory results can predict the CT outcomes for the pediatric patients with positive RT-PCR testing results in order to determine the necessity of CT for such a vulnerable group. Clinical data were collected from 244 consecutive pediatric patients (16 years of age and under) treated at Wuhan Children's Hospital with positive RT-PCR testing, and the chest CT were performed within 3 days of clinical data collection, from January 21 to March 8, 2020. This study was approved by the local ethics committee of Wuhan Children's Hospital. Advanced decision tree based machine learning models were developed for the prediction of CT outcomes. Results have shown that age, lymphocyte, neutrophils, ferritin and C-reactive protein are the most related clinical indicators for predicting CT outcomes for pediatric patients with positive RT-PCR testing. Our decision support system has managed to achieve an AUC of 0.84 with 0.82 accuracy and 0.84 sensitivity for predicting CT outcomes. Our model can effectively predict CT outcomes, and our findings have indicated that the use of CT should be reconsidered for pediatric patients, as it may not be indispensable.

Implementing an Evidence-Based Acute Gastroenteritis Guideline at a Children’s Hospital

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Perlstein ◽  
Philip Lichtenstein ◽  
Mitchell B. Cohen ◽  
Richard Ruddy ◽  
Pamela J. Schoettker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Children’S Hospital

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile and genetic diversity of sapoviruses (SaVs) identified in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis in Pune, Maharashtra, Western India, 2007–2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. LASURE ◽  
V. GOPALKRISHNA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Western India ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Severe Gastroenteritis ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

SUMMARYSapoviruses (SaVs) are responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. Despite this, few studies in India have focused on the epidemiological investigation of SaV in cases of acute gastroenteritis. The aim of this study was to understand the molecular epidemiology, genetic diversity and clinical impact of SaV in diarrhoeic children from Pune, Western India. Between 2007 and 2011, a total of 985 faecal samples from diarrhoeic cases and non-diarrhoeic controls were collected and examined for the presence of SaV by nested RT–PCR. SaV was detected in 2·7% (21/778) of the cases and 1·9% (4/207) of the controls. We observed that the majority of SaV mono-infections caused severe gastroenteritis (67%) with clinical manifestations of diarrhoea (100%), vomiting (73%) and dehydration (80%). All known human SaV genogroups were detected in the study. At least eight genotypes were identified from cases and controls. Genogroups GIV and GV, along with genotypes GI.5, GII.4 and GII.6, were discovered for the first time in India. Two GII.4 study strains were found to be 98·5–99% identical, having a novel intra-genogroup recombinant (GII.1/GII.4) recently reported from the Philippines, suggesting probable evidence of recombination. The circulation pattern of SaV genotypes varied during the study period, with GII.1 being predominant in 2007 and 2009, GIV.1 in 2008, and GV.1 in 2011.

Clinical symptoms observed in children envenomated by scorpion stings, at the children's hospital from the State of Morelos, Mexico

Toxicon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Osnaya-Romero ◽  
T de Jesus Medina-Hernández ◽  
S.S Flores-Hernández ◽  
G León-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The State ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Scorpion Stings

scholarly journals Etiology and risk factors of early and late onset neonatal sepsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Homoud Althagafi ◽  
Mona Abdullah Alharbi ◽  
Ashjan Nasser Bamarhool ◽  
Zahra Dheya Almajed ◽  
Leen Hani Natto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Total Birth Rate

Neonatal sepsis is a systemic disease caused by bacterial organisms, viral infections, or fungus that causes hemodynamic abnormalities and other clinical symptoms resulting in severe complications and may progress into mortality. Parturition can be used to diagnose organisms caused by the premature onset of sepsis in some cases, but only after an average of three days of life. Clinical manifestations of infection may also diagnose the organisms caused by the early onset of sepsis. Late sepsis can refer to any incident of sepsis from delivery to discharge in high-risk newborns, and the majority of them have been hospitalized for a lengthy period. Late-onset Guillain-Barré syndrome infections generally refer to the infections that occur between one week and up to three months post-labor. The precise load fraction for newborn sepsis varies by context, with differing load estimations between nations with varying lead levels. With the diversity of treatments utilized, explaining the degree of obstetric palsy is crucial and complicated. When comparing birthing sepsis rates, it is critical to understand if a tiny figure represents a total birth rate or another rate, such as a hospital admission number. As stated, it is critical to evaluate if population estimates based on the numbers of neonatal sepsis episodes have been recorded. This article aims to review the literature regarding neonatal sepsis from different aspects including, the etiology, risk factors, and different types and onset of neonatal sepsis.

scholarly journals Pediatric brain tumors – the importance of early identification of symptoms / Guzy mózgu u dzieci – znaczenie wczesnej identyfikacji objawów

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Cybula-Misiurek ◽  
Krystyna Kiczuk ◽  
Iwona Czerwińska-Pawluk ◽  
Marzena Samardakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Early Symptoms ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Children’S Hospital

Abstract Introduction. Brain tumors account for 17-29% of all developmental age neoplasms. Most cases are noted in children aged 2-3 years and 5-10 years.Aim. The study aims to determine the number of patients with brain tumors in children hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, University Children’s Hospital in Lublin in the years 2002-2015 and to present the most common early symptoms of the disease.Material and methods. The study group comprised 58 children. The age of respondents ranged from 2 to 17.5 years of age. The study was based on retrospective analysis of medical records of patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, University Children’s Hospital in Lublin in the years 2002-2015. We analyzed medical history of patients whose hospital admissions were due to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness and the accompanying nausea, morning vomiting, walk on a broad basis, balance disorders, abnormal vision, nystagmus, strabismus, hemiparesis, seizures, behavioral changes, weight loss, and the duration of symptoms prior to hospitalization and location of the tumor.Results. The surveyed group comprised 58 children with brain tumors, 29 girls (50%) and 29 boys (50%). The age of respondents ranged from 2 to 17.5 years. The symptoms, which dominated in patients on admission were: headache, dizziness, vomiting, especially in the morning. The time of occurrence of clinical symptoms varied from several days to several months before hospitalization.Conclusions. The analysis showed the presence of a brain tumor in children of both sexes with a comparable frequency. Brain tumors in the studied population most often were found in children aged 5-10 years. The location of the tumor was associated with the age of the child. The most common early symptoms of brain tumors in the study group were headache, dizziness, nausea, blurred vision, impaired balance.

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