scholarly journals Rapid Successful Management of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage as the Primary Presentation of Chlorine Gas Inhalation: A Rare Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Yaghubi ◽  
Morteza Valaei ◽  
Reza Ghasemi ◽  
Mahmood Hosseinzadeh Maleki ◽  
Sara Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Nasal Irritation ◽  
Chlorine Gas ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Gas Inhalation ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Primary Presentation

Chlorine-containing bleach, as a common disinfectant, can cause mild to severe symptoms from nasal irritation to life-threatening conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the toxicity level of chlorine gas depends on the duration and concentration of exposure. Herein, we describe the case of a 44-year-old man admitted to the emergency department with a chief complaint of severe shortness of breathing and hemoptysis following accidental, short-time exposure to chlorine-containing bleach. Because of the life-threatening condition, he was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and received mechanical ventilation along with a corticosteroid agent and antibiotic therapy. Despite limited data on management of the severe complications of the exposure, the patient successfully recovered after four days.

scholarly journals Necrotizing fasciitis with group A Streptococci and Eggerthella lenta as a complication of Varicella in a child – case presentation –

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Cambrea Simona Claudia ◽  
Ilie Maria Margareta ◽  
Carp Dalia Sorina ◽  
Ionescu C.
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Right ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Short Time

ABSTRACT Necrotizing fasciitis is a life threatening condition that can be quickly spread through the flesh surrounding the muscle. The disease can be polymicrobial, or caused by group A beta hemolytic Streptococci, or by Clostridium spp. We present a case of a 7 years old girl, which was hospitalized in Children Infectious Diseases Department in a 7th day of chickenpox (hematic crusts all over the body), high fever, asthenia, vomiting, oligoanuria, and tumefaction, pain and functio lessa in the right thigh. In a very short time in the right thigh swelling, edema and congestion have increased gradually, and in the third highest middle thigh the ecchymotic areas appeared evolving towards bubbles and blisters which included the right thigh and calf. After excluding the diagnosis of thrombophlebitis was raised suspicion of necrotizing fasciitis. CT pelvic scan evidenced pelvic asymmetry by maximus and medium right gluteal muscles swelling with important inflammatory infiltrate extended laterally in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. In blood culture was isolated Eggerthella lenta, and from throat swab was isolated group A Streptococci. Treatment consists of a combination of antibiotics associated with intravenous immunoglobulin administration. Despite medical treatment evolution worsened and required transfer in a pediatric surgery department where emergent surgical debridement associated with intensive antibiotic therapy was done. After this intervention evolution was slowly favorable without major limb dysfunction. Polymicrobial necrotizing fasciitis is a severe disease, which if recognized early can have a favorable outcome.

scholarly journals Premaxillary and maxillary sinus mucormycosis post COVID: a rare case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1922
Author(s):  
Deependra Shrestha ◽  
Reskey Dev
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematological Malignancy ◽  
Positive Patient ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Life Threatening

<p>Mucormycosis, previously termed as zygomycosis, is an opportunistic infection and is caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. It is found in patients with predisposing conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis, chronic kidney disease malignancy long-term steroid use and immunosuppressant drugs. Mucormycosis involving paranasal sinuses is a rare life-threatening opportunistic infection in a covid positive patient. The unprescribed use of corticosteroid in covid positive patient, the lymphopenia in severe covid 19 cases, preexisting diseases like uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, hematological malignancy, stem cell transplant causing weak immune system are the factors which are responsible for mucor infection in covid positive patients. We herein report the case of maxillary and premaxillary mucormycosis infection in the uncontrolled diabetic patient with post covid status in recovering phase of acute respiratory distress syndrome.</p>

SCOPE OF UNANI MEDICINE IN THE PROPHYLAXIS AND MANAGEMENT OF COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmeen Shamsi ◽  
Rais Ur Rahman ◽  
Md. Wasi Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Salix Caprea ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Nasal Irritation ◽  
Nymphaea Alba ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Body Ache

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an acute infectious disease caused by infection with a novel coronavirus SARSCoV-2. The disease severity can range from mild to developing into critical with pneumonia and even life-threatening complications such as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), shock, or multi-organ system dysfunction. The clinical picture of Nazla-e-Wabaiya is almost similar to that of Covid-19 like body ache, sore throat, nasal irritation, burning sensation in eyes sneezing, cough, and fever. As per the Unani scholars, the prophylaxis and management include various single and compound drugs to be used orally. They also prescribed various drugs as disinfectants to be used for fumigation, incense, and spray. Ibn Sina advised that houses should be sanitized daily by spraying Arq Gulab (Rosa damascene), Arq Bed Sada (Salix caprea), or Arq Nilofer (Nymphaea alba) and recommended Bukhoor (incense) of Sa'ad Kufi (Cyperusrotundus), Habb-ul-Aas (Myrtuscommunis), Kundur (Boswelliaserrata), and Sandalwood (Santalum spp.). For the treatment of Nazla-e-Wabaiya, the decoction (Joshanda) of Unnab, Sapistan, and Behidana along with Sharbat Banafsha have been recommended by many eminent Unani scholars. They have also recommended using various types of Khamiras like Khamira Gaozaban, Khamira Abresham SheeraUnnabWala, Khamira Marwareed to improve general health and immunity.

scholarly journals Acute respiratory distress syndrome: An update and review

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Rawal ◽  
Sankalp Yadav ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Rescue Therapy ◽  
Severe Hypoxemia ◽  
Low Tidal Volume ◽  
The Past ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life threatening condition characterized by severe hypoxemia due to pulmonary gas exchange failure and was first recognized in 1960s.Since its first description, it has undergone intensive research in the past few decades to understand its pathogenesis and therapies. Despite this, the recommended therapies to decrease mortality in ARDS remain limited and include low-tidal volume mechanical ventilation, prone ventilation and recently, the ECMO rescue therapy in extreme cases. This review article will summarize the key features of ARDS with a brief overview of the therapeutic options in the management of ARDS.

scholarly journals A Rare Case Report of Splenic Abscess Caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei Progressing to Disseminated Melioidosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Shanmugam Priyadarshi Ketan ◽  
Stanley Pheba Monika Sivaradjy ◽  
S. Balamurugan Elamurugan Thirthar Palanivelu ◽  
Sastry Apurba Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Splenic Abscess ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Upper Abdomen

Splenic abcess is a rare but potentially life threatening condition which can be less frequently caused by gram negative saprophytes, Burkholderia pseudomallei. Because of the challenges faced in the identification of this organism, it is often under diagnosed or misdiagnosed. Here, we report a case of splenic abcess eventually leading to disseminated melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei in a 40 year old diabetic male from a tertiary-care hospital in southern India, who presented with fever and pain over left upper abdomen.

scholarly journals Tension Pneumomediastinum: A life-threatening condition in COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nissar Shaikh ◽  
Gamal Al Ameri ◽  
Muhsen Shaheen ◽  
Wael Abdaljawad ◽  
Sujith Prabhakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Increased Pressure

Tension pneumomediastinum (TPM) is a rare but potentially fatal clinical entity. This leads to leakage of air into the mediastinal cavity and increased pressure on thoracic vessels, respiratory tract, and the heart. We report a series of five cases of COVID-19 complicating into acute respiratory distress syndrome and developing TPM.

scholarly journals Detection of (1,3)-β-d-Glucan in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Histoplasma Meningitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S76-S76
Author(s):  
Thein Myint ◽  
Karen Bloch ◽  
Luke Raymond-Guillen ◽  
L Joseph Wheat
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Cns Inflammation ◽  
Fungal Meningitis ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Biologic Marker ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Csf Pleocytosis

Abstract Background Central nervous system (CNS) histoplasmosis is a life-threatening condition, and represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Although CSF (1,3)-β-d-glucan (CSF BDG) is available as a biologic marker for diagnosis of fungal meningitis, there are limited data on its use for diagnosis of Histoplasma meningitis. We evaluated CSF BDG detection using the Fungitell assay in patients with CNS histoplasmosis and controls. Methods Patients were classified as cases if there was CNS inflammation (CSF WBC ≥ 5 mm3/ml) plus laboratory confirmation of H. capsulatumin CNS samples or from extra-CNS sites with no alternative etiology for CSF pleocytosis. Controls were patients with histoplasmosis but no evidence of CNS involvement, an alternative diagnosis, or other fungal meningitis. Results In total, 47 cases and 153 controls were evaluated (Table 1). Forty-nine percent of patients with CNS histoplasmosis and 43.8% of controls were immunocompromised. CSF BDG was positive in 25 (53.2%) cases using a level of ≥80 pg/ml, the median CSF BDG level was 140.5 pg/ml (range from &lt;31 to 500 pg/ml). The detection of CSF BDG level ≥80 pg/ml was not associated with positive CSF Histoplasma antigen (P = 0.28) or positive CSF Histoplasma culture (P = 0.56). The sensitivity for detection of CSF BDG was 53.2% and the specificity was 87.3%, compared with 78.7% &#x2028;(P = 0.009) and 96.4% (P = 0.003), respectively, for detection of antigen. CSF BDG was positive in 20 of 153 (13.1%) patients in the control group. Seven of 11 (63.6%) other CNS fungal meningitis cases (five Cryptococcus, two Aspergillus, two Blastomyces, one Candida, and one suspected fungal meningitis) had CSF BDG ≥80 pg/ml. Conclusion A positive CSF BDG supports the diagnosis of fungal meningitis but cannot distinguish among the different etiologies. The sensitivity and specificity of detection of CSF BDG was lower than that of antigen detection. Disclosures L. J. Wheat, MiraVista: President and owner, equity and Salary

scholarly journals Positive Outcome of Heterotopic Pregnancy Following Ovulation Induction: A Rare Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-288
Author(s):  
S Jesmin ◽  
N Akhte ◽  
N Naha ◽  
N Shamima
Keyword(s):  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Tubal Pregnancy ◽  
Heterotopic Pregnancy ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

We report a combined intra-uterine and ruptured tubal pregnancy following ovulation induction by clomiphene citrate (cc) and timed intercourse. The diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy (HP) is the major problem until occurrence of tubal rupture. Because HP is a life threatening condition, the diagnosis should be made as soon as possible. In a spontaneous conception HP is a rare event. The risk of HP significantly increases after ovulation induction. Clomiphene itself should be associated with a high HP rare. We present a case with normally developing intra uterine singleton pregnancy successfully with synchronous tubal pregnancy following ovulation induction by cc.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 287-288

scholarly journals Soliris to Stop Immune-Mediated Death in COVID-19 (SOLID-C19)—A Compassionate-Use Study of Terminal Complement Blockade in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19-Related Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2429
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Terminal Complement

Eculizumab, a terminal complement (C5)-inhibiting monoclonal antibody, was administered in five mechanically ventilated patients in life-threatening condition due to COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) between 23 March 2020 and 3 April 2020. Their clinical progress was monitored. The primary endpoint was mortality. One patient was excluded while two passed away. The remaining two patients survived. At the time of this study, the mortality rate in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients suffering from ARDS receiving the standard of care as their therapeutic regimen was reportedly as high as 97%. This pilot study demonstrates a 50% mortality rate in patients receiving eculizumab therapy.

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