scholarly journals The Role of Cancer Charities in Breast Cancer Prevention in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azin Nahvijou ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi ◽  
Massoumeh Guiti ◽  
Afssoun Mahouri ◽  
Nafisseh Fathnia Tabari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Active Member ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Government

Background: Cancer is a significant public health problem, and its burden is increasing globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Cancer charities, alongside the government, could address health issues based on their goals. We studied the activities of cancer charities related to breast cancer (BC) prevention in Iran. Methods: We designed a situational analysis study. We abstracted the cancer charities’ objectives that were members of the “Iran Cancer National Network of NGOs and Charities (IRCNNC).” We also searched for their international activities. We reviewed the BC prevention programs conducted by Iranian cancer charities and collected their data and information regarding BC awareness and screening. Results: Overall, 43 charities were an active member of the IRCNNC and were engaged in 6 areas, including 1) financial and non-financial supports, 2) providing medical services, 3) providing accommodation to companions of the patients traveling from other cities, 4) supplying infrastructure and medical equipment to cancer hospitals, 5) conducting scientific and research activities, and 6) running educational and awareness campaigns. Most actions were on financial and non-financial supports. Seven charities are a member of the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC). Five charities reported their movement on BC prevention. Conclusion: Most charities did not document their prevention programs and did not follow an organized screening program. Training and capacity building is needed to support the cancer charities for the evidence-based cancer prevention program.

Null allele polymorphisms in the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes in 705 women from a mammographic breast cancer screening program (NMPOA) in southern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 21091-21091
Author(s):  
E. Aguiar ◽  
J. Giacomazzi ◽  
E. I. Palmero ◽  
L. Kalakun ◽  
L. Schuler-Faccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mammographic Screening ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Null Alleles ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Prevention Project ◽  
Significant Public Health

21091 Background: Several genetic polymorphisms in genes related with metabolism have been associated with breast cancer (BC) risk. Among these, the gluthatione-S-transferase M1 and T1 null genotypes have been associated with slightly increased BC risk in some populations. In Brazil, BC is a significant public health problem, due to its high incidence and mortality rates. In Porto Alegre, Brazil`s southernmost capital, a multidisciplinary BC Prevention Project - the Nucleo Mama Porto Alegre Cohort (NMPOA)- was started in 2004 and includes a mammographic screening program for women ages 40–69 years. Goal:Determine the allelic and genotypic frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null alleles in women undergoing annual mammographic screening and correlate its presence with mammography results and presence of additional BC risk factors at baseline and after 10 years. Methods: A sample of 705 women from the NMPOA BC screening program was consecutively enrolled from November/2005 until March/2006. Mammography results (BIRADS categories) and BC risk information (5-yr and vital estimates using the Gail model, family history of BC, body mass index) were obtained by chart review. Genotyping was performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Of the 705 patients studied, 145 (20.6%) and 314 (44.5%) had the GSTT1 and GSTM1 null alleles, respectively. Genotypically, 67 (9,5%) were null homozygous for both genes (GSTM1- and GSTT1- ); 78 (11,1%) were GSTT1- and non-null for GSTM1 (GSTT1- and GSTM1+); 247 (35%) were GSTT1+ and GSTM1- and 313(44,4%) were GSTM+ and GSTT+. There was a statistically significant association of the GSTT1+ allele with low-risk mammographic findings (category BIRADS 1; p<0,05). Conclusions: The genotypic and allelic frequencies of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 null alleles were not significantly different from those reported previously for other populations. The non-null GSTT1 allele was associated with lower category mammographic findings. Prospective clinical evaluation of the women followed in this program and correlation of genotype with clinical findings may elucidate additional risks associated with the presence of these polymorphisms. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Eliminating Hepatitis B from Bangladesh by the Year 2030

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Md Golam Mustafa ◽  
Md Shahinul Alam ◽  
Md Golam Azam ◽  
Md Mahabubul Alam ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
The Government

Worldwide, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a major public health problem. Bangladesh having a large burden of HBV infection, should be a major contributor towards it’s elimination by 2030. The country has been making progress in reducing incidence of HBV infection during the past decades. The progresses are mainly due to large vaccination coverage among children and large coverage of timely birthdose vaccine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV. However, Bangladesh still faces challenges in achieving target of reduction in mortality from HBV. On the basis of targets of the WHO’s Global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis 2016–2021, we highlight priorities for action towards HBV elimination. To attain the target of reduced mortality we propose that, the service coverage targets of diagnosis and treatment should be prioritized along with vaccination. Firstly, improvements are needed in the diagnostic and treatment abilities of medical institutions and health workers. Secondly, the government needs to reduce the costs of health care. Thirdly, better coordination is needed across existing national program and resources to establish an integrated system for prevention, screening, diagnosis and treatment of HBV infection. In this way, we can make progress towards achieving the target of eliminating HBV from Bangladesh by 2030 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(3): 145-149

The attendance of the second screening period (2004–2005) of the Hungarian organized breast cancer screening program

2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (32) ◽  
pp. 1491-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre Boncz ◽  
Andor Sebestyén ◽  
Lajos Döbrőssy ◽  
Zoltán Péntek ◽  
Attila Kovács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Cancer Screening Program

Célkitűzés: Az országos kiterjedésű, szervezett emlőszűrési program 2002 januárjában indult el Magyarországon a 45–65 év közötti nők számára 2 éves szűrési intervallummal. A dolgozat célja a szervezett emlőszűrési program részvételi mutatóinak meghatározása, beleértve a szűrési és diagnosztikus célú képalkotó emlőfelvételek gyakoriságának elemzését. Adatok és módszerek: Az elemzésben szereplő adatok az Országos Egészségbiztosítási Pénztár finanszírozási adatbázisából származnak, és a 2000–2005 közötti 6 évet ölelik fel. A 45–65 éves nők körében meghatározták azok arányát, akik a szervezett szűrést megelőző két évben (2000–2001), illetve a program első két ciklusában (2002–2003, 2004–2005) akár szűrési, akár diagnosztikai célú képalkotó emlővizsgálaton vettek részt. Eredmények: A szűrési célú képalkotó emlőfelvételen részt vettek aránya (átszűrtség) a 2000–2001-es 7,4%-ról a 2002–2003-as, illetve 2004–2005-ös szervezett emlőszűrési ciklusban 34,0, illetve 29,5%-ra emelkedett. A diagnosztikus célú képalkotó emlőfelvételen részt vettek aránya (átvizsgáltság) pedig ugyanezen időszakokban 19,8%-ról 22,1 (2002–2003), illetve 23,2%-ra (2004–2005) emelkedett. Az országos lefedettség (átszűrtség + átvizsgáltság) ennek megfelelően a szervezett szűrés hatására 26,2%-ról (2000–2001) 53,5%-ra (2002–2003), illetve 50,8%-ra (2004–2005) nőtt a vizsgált kétéves ciklusban a 45–65 év közötti nők esetében. Következtetés: A magyar emlőszűrési program kezdeti részvételi arányai 2004–2005-ben kissé csökkentek; az emlőrák miatti halálozás érdemi csökkentéséhez ennek emelése szükséges.

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