The contribution of self-disclosure to the prediction of mood symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis

Background: Depression and anxiety are the most prevalent psychological symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and have a significant impact on quality of life (QOL) and disability progression in the patients. Therefore, it is very important to find ways to reduce the impact of these disorders on patients with MS. The data suggest that self-disclosure may be beneficial in improving symptoms of depression and anxiety in many chronic diseases. Due to the scarcity of related studies, this cross-sectional research aimed to evaluate the relations between self-disclosure, anxiety, and depression in patients with MS. Methods: 112 patients with MS from several referral outpatient MS clinics participated in the study. Data were extracted using socio-demographic questionnaire to determine clinical variables and patient characteristics, Distress Disclosure Index (DDI) to assess self-disclosure, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to evaluate mood states, and Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) recorded by an experienced neurologist. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis with controlling disease variables demonstrated distress disclosure as an independent factor to predict anxiety and depression in the patients (P < 0.05). Results also presented a significant, positive relationship between hospitalization history and disability levels with anxiety and depression. These findings clearly state that these two variables can accurately predict a heightened state of anxiety and depression in patients with MS. Conclusion: This study provides empirical support for the positive role of disclosure in decreasing the negative emotions in MS. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of disclosing MS in different cultural and situational contexts.

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In multiple sclerosis anxiety, not depression, is related to gender

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458515588582 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 239-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Marie Théaudin ◽

Kristoffer Romero ◽

Anthony Feinstein

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

General Population ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Psychiatric Sequelae ◽

The Impact

Background: There is a high prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease 2.5 times more frequent in females. Contrary to the general population, in whom studies have demonstrated higher rates of depression and anxiety in females, little is known about the impact of gender on psychiatric sequelae in MS patients. Objectives: We conducted a retrospective study to try to clarify this uncertainty. Methods: Demographic, illness-related and behavioral variables were obtained from a neuropsychiatric database of 896 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of MS. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were obtained with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Gender comparisons were undertaken and predictors of depression and anxiety sought with a linear regression analysis. Results: HADS data were available for 711 of 896 (79.35%) patients. Notable gender differences included a higher frequency of primary progressive MS in males ( p = 0.002), higher HADS anxiety scores in females ( p < 0.001), but no differences in HADS depression scores. Conclusion: In MS, gender influences the frequency of anxiety only. This suggests that the etiological factors underpinning anxiety and depression in MS are not only different from one another, but also in the case of depression, different from those observed in general population samples.

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Assessing the Predictor Roles of Mindfulness and Spiritual Intelligence for Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms

Spiritual Psychology and Counseling ◽

10.37898/spc.2020.5.3.103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 273-285

Author(s):

Pınar Ünal-Aydın ◽

Yasin Arslan ◽

Orkun Aydın

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Spiritual Intelligence ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Web Based ◽

Predictors Of Depression

The goal of this study was to examine the effects of mindfulness (MF) and spiritual intelligence (SI) as predictors of depression and anxiety, the most frequent manifestations of mental disorders – among 184 Turkish participants of diverse ages, predominantly students, living in Istanbul and Sarajevo. Four instruments were administered either directly or via web-based services: Scale for Spiritual Intelligence (SSI), Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire – Short Form (FFMQ-S) and Sociodemographic Information Form. Through the use of linear regression analysis, Actaware (b=-.19, p≤.001), Nonjudge (b=-.22, p≤.001), Nonreact (b=-.19, p≤.001) subscales of FFMQ-S were found to be negative predictors for depression and anxiety, whereas, Self-understanding subscale of SSI was not significant. Although our findings suggest that spiritual intelligence is not significant in prediction of depression and anxiety, our research provides empirical evidence for the link between MF, SI, depression and anxiety, as well as revealing MF as predictor for anxiety and depression which may be useful for further improvements in the scope of current interventions.

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The Risk of Depression and Anxiety in the Post-diagnostic Period of Multiple Sclerosis Measured by Screening Instruments and Structured Interviews

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2252 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S236-S236 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Hoang ◽

E. Stenager ◽

E. Stenager

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Screening Instruments ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Clinical Screening ◽

Competing Interest

ObjectiveTo examine the risk of depression and anxiety in MS patients in the post-diagnostic period by using clinical screening instruments and a diagnostic structured clinical interview.MethodA population of 134 MS patients was examined for the risk of depression and anxiety in the post-diagnostic period of MS using the clinical screening instruments Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Within six weeks of diagnosis, patients with cut-off > 12 for BDI and > 7 for HADS were offered a clinical structured interview using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry/SCAN Version 2.1.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression in the post-diagnostic period of MS was 49.2% when using the screening instruments, but only 15.2% when using the SCAN interview. For anxiety, the prevalence was 3.4% for both the screening instruments and the SCAN interview in the post-diagnostic period of MS.ConclusionMS patients have a risk of depression and anxiety in the post-diagnostic period of MS, but it is crucial to consider which tools to use in a clinical setting to investigate depression and anxiety in MS patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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The relationship between fatigue and other clinical features of multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458510392262 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 604-612 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Roger J Mills ◽

Carolyn A Young

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Complex Relation ◽

The Impact

Background: There has been considerable debate regarding the precise relationships between fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) and disease-related factors, such as disability, sleep disturbance, depression, age and sex. Existing studies give conflicting information. Objective: To clarify such relationships in a large cross-sectional study, using a rigorously developed measurement tool which was based on a clear definition of fatigue. Method: A pack containing the Neurological Fatigue Index for MS Summary Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale and questions regarding sleep and demographics was mailed to patients with MS attending two centres in the UK. All scale scores were converted to parametric measures using the Rasch measurement model. Both linear and non-linear relationships were sought. Results: Data from 635 respondents (52% response) were analysed. Fatigue was strongly related to the impact of MS. Fatigue was worse in those with progressive disease and clearly worsened once ambulation was affected. There was only weak correlation with anxiety and depression. Fatigue was not related to disease duration or patient age. There was an intimate but complex relation between fatigue and sleep. Fatigue levels were minimum at a nocturnal sleep duration of 7.5 h. Conclusion: Clear relationships were found between fatigue and disability, disease type and sleep. Further physiological enquiry and trials of drug treatment and sleep modulation might be guided by these clinical relationships.

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Affective Disorder and Functional Status as well as Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease and History of Stroke

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56030117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 117 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrzej Knapik ◽

Ewa Krzystanek ◽

Justyna Szefler–Derela ◽

Joanna Siuda ◽

Jerzy Rottermund ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Functional Status ◽

Affective Disorders ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Stroke Survivors ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Diagnostic Threshold ◽

History Of

The main arguments in support of researching anxiety and depression in patients with chronic somatic diseases are the prevalence of affective disorders in the population, somatic conditions as risk factors of affective disorders and the search for effective preventative and therapeutic strategies. The aim of the study was to determine the association between the functional status, selected sociodemographic characteristics and prevalence as well as severity of anxiety and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and history of stroke (S). Material and methods: Eighty participants (44 women and 36 men) with MS (n = 22), PD (n = 31) and history of stroke (n = 27) were enrolled. All participants completed a questionnaire consisting of metrics, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: Fifty-five per cent of all participants did not present with anxiety or depression, 20% scored above the diagnostic threshold on the anxiety scale and 26% scored above the diagnostic threshold on the depression scale. Subgroup analysis revealed that anxiety and depression sufferers were 13.64% and 13.64% of MS patients, respectively; 22.58% and 35.48% of PD patients, respectively; and 22.22% and 25.93% of stroke survivors, respectively. There was a significant correlation between depression and independence level in the entire group and between depression and marital status in stroke survivors. Conclusions: Although depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in patients with neurological conditions, the disorder has a very individual nature and is not associated with the patient’s age, duration of a condition or concomitant diseases. Screening for depression and anxiety as a part of comprehensive approach may increase treatment efficacy in neurological patients

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The impact of coping on self-esteem and mental status of patients with COPD

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.628 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s500-s500

Author(s):

I. Papava ◽

A.C. Bredicean ◽

L. Dehelean ◽

R. Romosan ◽

A.M. Romosan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Status ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Depression Score ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Psychological Dimension ◽

The Impact

IntroductionCOPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a chronic illness associated with psychological distress. Self-esteem and the associated comorbidities, like depression and anxiety, can influence its evolution.ObjectivesTo analyze how predominant coping styles associated with different levels of self-esteem and mental status in patients with COPD.AimsTo demonstrate that different types of coping-styles have an impact on self-esteem, depression and anxiety.MethodsTo a lot consisting of 28 subjects with COPD, was applied the COPE scale to assess the style of coping, to rate anxiety and depression The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and for self-esteem the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. According to their higher coping sub-scale score, they were classified to one dominant coping type as follows: patients with problem-focused coping type (n = 9), emotion-focused coping (n = 10), social support-focused coping (n = 6), respectively avoiding coping type (n = 3).ResultsPatients with dominant problem-focused coping had the most elevated self-esteem compared to patients with social-focused coping (22.0 vs. 16.2; P = 0.039), the depression score was the highest in patients with dominant avoidance-type coping and the lowest in patients with dominant problem-focused coping (11.0 vs. 5.6; P = 0.042) respectively anxiety, was the highest in patients with dominant social-focused coping and the lowest in patients with dominant emotion-focused coping (11.6 vs. 5.0; P = 0.006).ConclusionsIn patients with COPD, problem-focused and emotion-focused copings are adaptive, while avoidance and emotion-focused copings are maladaptive on self-esteem and mental status. Such as, the coping represents a psychological dimension with an impact on the evolution of the disease, and the patients with COPD should be assessed and addressed multidisciplinary.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Depression, anxiety and multiple sclerosis: Links with alexithymia

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73402-2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1698-1698 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Aloulou ◽

C. Hachicha ◽

R. Masmoudi ◽

A. Boukhris ◽

C. Mhiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Mood State ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Long Period ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Degree Of Disability

The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety in a population of patients treated for multiple sclerosis (MS) and their link with alexithymia.Method31 patients with MS according to McDonald's criteria, and followed in neurology department took part in the study. All patients were evaluated using a protocol to collect the epidemiological, clinical and evolution of the disease. We used versions of Arabized-Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess the mood state and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) for alexithymia.Results and commentsParticipants were divided on 18 women and 13 men with a mean age of 39 years. The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 42% and 52% respectively. The prevalence of alexithymia was 43%. The anxiety was correlated with the degree of disability and age of disease onset. Similarly, depression was more frequently observed in patients with higher EDSS, a long period of evolution. A positive correlation was found between alexithymia, depression and anxiety.Our study showed that half of all MS patients have mood disorders. However, depression is the most common and most disabling psychiatric disorder in MS. The place of anxiety should not be neglected because in case of comorbidity with depression, can be an aggravating factor. The frequency of alexitymia is high and appears to be positively correlated with depression and anxiety.

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Safety, anxiety and natalizumab continuation in JC virus-seropositive MS patients

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458513495582 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 108-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Johannis A van Rossum ◽

Anke Vennegoor ◽

Lisanne Balk ◽

Bernard M Uitdehaag ◽

Chris H Polman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Jc Virus ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Decisional Conflict ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Natalizumab Treatment ◽

Calculated Risk ◽

The Impact

The use of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis has been restricted by the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). JC virus carriership, duration of natalizumab treatment and past immunosuppression are known risk factors. This has allowed for calculated risk assessment for individual patients to be implemented. Not much data are available about the effect of JCV carriership on patient willingness to continue natalizumab. Here, we evaluated the impact of JCV seropositivity on safety feelings, anxiety and treatment continuation for patients treated with natalizumab, using a visual analog scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and a decisional conflict scale. Seropositivity led to an elevated anxiety level for PML ( p = 0.004). However, so far only 3% of patients have discontinued natalizumab because of JCV positivity in our cohort.

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Validation of Mood Measures for People with Multiple Sclerosis

International Journal of MS Care ◽

10.7224/1537-2073.2013-013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 105-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Tessa M. Watson ◽

Emma Ford ◽

Esme Worthington ◽

Nadina B. Lincoln

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

High Specificity ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Cutoff Score ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Depression Subscale ◽

Anxiety Subscale

Background: Valid assessments are needed in order to identify anxiety and depression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of this study was to assess the validity of questionnaire measures of mood in people with MS. Methods: People with MS were recruited from a clinic database and asked to complete and return a questionnaire containing the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Those who returned the questionnaire were invited to complete a structured clinical interview, which was blind to the results of the questionnaire. Results: The BDI-II and HADS were both found to be valid measures to detect depression and anxiety in people with MS. An optimum cutoff score of 23 for the BDI-II yielded high sensitivity (85%) and high specificity (76%). An optimum cutoff score of 11 for the HADS demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for both the Anxiety subscale (sensitivity 90%, specificity 92%) and the Depression subscale (sensitivity 77%, specificity 81%). The BAI had high sensitivity (80%) but poor specificity (46%) for detecting anxiety. Conclusion: The BDI-II and HADS can be used to identify mood disorders in people with MS.

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Depression and anxiety among paediatric and adult in-patients with dengue fever in Metro Manila, Philippines

10.31234/osf.io/6jnzx ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Von Ralph Dane Marquez Herbuela ◽

Ferdinand S. de Guzman ◽

Girly S. Sobrepeña ◽

Andrew Benedict F. Claudio ◽

Angelica Cecilia V. Tomas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dengue Fever ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Child Anxiety ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Psychiatric symptoms have been reported in adult patients with dengue fever (DF); however, information on pediatric patients remains inadequate. We sought to identify the prevalence and determinants of depression and anxiety and identify other encephalopathy symptoms among pediatric and adult patients with DF.Methods: This cross-sectional study used a non-probability purposive sampling method among clinically or serologically confirmed in-patients with DF. Participants completed the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale for pediatric patients and youth controls and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for adult patients. Results: The prevalence of depression and anxiety were significantly higher among 225 pediatric patients than among 81 youth controls, but was lower than that among 43 adult patients. A multiple linear regression analysis of socio-demographic and clinical data found that age, family history of DF, ≤2 days of hospitalization, and myalgia and arthralgia tended to increase depression and anxiety scores of pediatric patients. Further, 26.7% of pediatric patients reported irritability, agitation, visual hallucinations and aggressiveness. Conclusion: Prevalence and determinants of depression and anxiety and the presence of encephalopathy symptoms differ between pediatric and adult patients. Longitudinal post-DF recovery studies should be conducted to examine whether these symptoms may develop to subsequent chronic psychiatric conditions in the future.

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