scholarly journals In Vitro Microleakage Comparison of Flowable Nanocomposites and Conventional Materials Used in Pit and Fissure Sealant Therapy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Arastoo ◽  
Azam Behbudi ◽  
Vahid Rakhshan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Pit And Fissure Sealants ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flowable Composites ◽  
Unfilled Resin

Objectives: Pit and fissure sealants are recognized as an effective preventive approach in pediatric dentistry. Composite resin is the most commonly used sealant material. Adding nanoparticles to composite resin could result in production of flowable composite with higher mechanical properties and better flowability than previous sealants. This study aimed to compare the microleakage of a flowable nanocomposite and materials conventionally used as pit and fissure sealants. Materials and Methods: A total of 185 extracted mandibular third molar teeth were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups (n=36): flowable nanocomposite, flowable composite, filled sealants, nano-filled sealants, and unfilled sealants. Five teeth were reserved for examination under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The samples were thermocycled (5-55°C, 1-minute dwell time) for 1000 cycles and immersed in 0.2% fuchsine solution for 24 hours. Teeth were sectioned buccolingually. Microleakage was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively by means of dye penetration and SEM. Data were analyzed using chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Bonferroni-corrected Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: Qualitative microleakage assessment showed that flowable composite and nanofilled flowable composite had almost no microleakage (P<0.001). Regarding quantitative scores, the nanofilled flowable composite and unfilled fissure sealant showed the lowest and the highest rate of microleakage, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the two flowable composites (P=0.317). Filled resin-based sealant had significantly lower microleakage than unfilled resin-based sealant (P<0.001). Conclusion: Use of flowable and nanofilled flowable composites (but not unfilled resin-based fissure sealant) is recommended for sealing of pits and fissures of molars.

scholarly journals Resin-based sealants longevity: a clinical evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heitor Ceolin Araujo ◽  
Isabela Copetti Faria ◽  
Brenda Zanfolin Torquato ◽  
Renan Ceolin Araujo ◽  
Rosana Leal do Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Pit And Fissure Sealants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Pit And Fissure Sealant

Introdution: The occlusal surface of the molars are more susceptible to dental caries because of their anatomy, so in some cases, the sealants are indicated. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, retention, presence of caries and marginal discoloration of resinous sealants (Fluoroshield and Prevent) in first permanent molars. Methods: Ninety - one children aged 7 to 9 years were selected from a municipal institution Regente Feijó, SP, Brazil, for the application of resinous sealants to first permanent lower first molars. The application of Fluoroshield and Prevent resin sealants was performed according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The evaluation was performed after 6 and 12 months by double-blind examiners and followed the criteria: alpha (total sealant, absence of caries and absence of pigmentation) charlie (partial sealing, superficial caries and light pigmentation) charlie complete sealing, presence of cavitation and pigmentation) after 12 months of application by two previously calibrated examiners. Results: Using Fischer's exact test, no significant difference (p 0.05) was observed between the resin-based sealant groups. In the evaluated criteria, both sealants after three years were similar, and may therefore be suitable materials for sealing grooves and fissures in permanent molars.Descriptors: Pit and Fissure Sealants; Dental Caries; Dentition, Permanent; Oral Health.ReferencesPalma-Dibb RG, Chinelatti MA, Souza-Zaroni WC. Diagnóstico de lesões de cárie. In: Assed S. Odontopediatria: bases científicas para a prática clínica. São Paulo: Artes Médicas; 2005.Sheiham A, James WP. Diet and Dental Caries: The Pivotal Role of Free Sugars Reemphasized. J Dent Res. 2015;94(10):1341-47.Faleiros Chioca S, Urzúa Araya L, Rodríguez Martínez G, Cabello Ibacache R. Uso de sellantes de fosas y fisuras para La prevención de caries em población infanto-juvenil: Revisión metodológica de ensayos clínicos. Rev Clin Periodoncia Implantol Rehabil Oral. 2013;6(1):14-9.Liu BY, Lo EC, Chu CH, Lin HC. Randomized Trial on Fluorides and Sealants for Fissure Caries Prevention. J Dent Res 2012;91(8):753-58Condò R, Cioffi A, Riccio A, Totino M, Condò SG, Cerroni L. Sealants in dentistry: a systematic review of the literature. Oral Implantol (Rome). 2014;6(3):67-74. Ahovuo-Saloranta A, Forss H, Walsh T, Hiiri A, Nordblad A, Mäkelä M et al.  Sealants for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(3):CD001830Moreira KMS,Kantovitz KR,Aguiar JPD, Borges AFS, Pascon FM, Puppin-Rontani RM.  Impact of the intermediary layer on sealant retention: a randomized 24-month clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2017;21(5):1435-43.Griffin SO, Gray SK, Malvitz DM, Gooch BF. Caries Risk in Formerly Sealed Teeth. J Am Dent Assoc 2009;140(4):415-23.Splieth CH, Ekstrand KR, Alkilzy M, Clarkson J, Meyer-Lueckel H, Martignon S et al. Sealants in dentistry: outcomes of the ORCA Saturday Afternoon Symposium 2007. Caries Res. 2010;44(1):3-13Sundfeld RH, Briso ALF, Mauro SJ, de Alexandre RS, Sundfeld Neto D, Oliveira FG et al. Twenty years experience with pit and fissure sealants. Int J Clin Dent. 2010;2(4):1-12.Baldini V, Tagliaferro EPS, Ambrosano GMB, Meneghim MC, Pereira AC. Use of occlusal sealant in a community program and caries incidence in high- and low-risk children. J Appl Oral Sci. 2010;19(4):396-402.Provenzano MGA, Rios D, Fracasso MLC, Marchesi A, Honório HM. Clinical Evaluation of a Resin-Modifi ed Glass Ionomer Cement (Vitremer®) Used as Pit-And-Fissure Sealant in Primary Molars. Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr.2010;10(2):233-40.Saito CM, Lima EP, Mello D, Mello FAS. Selante resinoso: tratamento preventivo e  minimamente invasivo. Rev Gest Saúde. 2014;11:10-17.Zenkner JE, Alves LS, de Oliveira RS, Bica RH, Wagner MB, Maltz M. Influence of eruption stage and biofilm accumulation on occlusal caries in permanent molars: a generalized estimating equations logistic approach. Caries Res. 2013;47(3):177-82.Delmondes FS, Imparato JCP. Selamento de primeiros molares permanentes em erupção com cimento de ionômero de vidro. J Bras Odontopediatr. Odontol Bebê. 2003;6(33):373-78.Heyduck C, Meller C, Schwahn C, Spliet CH. Effectiveness of Sealants in Adolescents with High and Low Caries Experience. Caries Res. 2006;40(5):375-81.Tagliaferro EPS, Ambrosano GMB, Meneghim MC, Pereira AC. Risk indicators and risk predictors of dental caries in schoolchildren. J Appl Oral Sci. 2008;16(6):408-13.Silva RCSP, Araujo MAM, Rego MA. Avaliação clinica de selantes de fossulas e fissuras: efeitos de materiais e tempo de analise. Rev Odontol UNESP. 1996;25(2):237-45.Beraldo DZ, Pereira KFS, Zafalon EJ, Yoshinari FMS.Análise comparativa entre selante resinoso e selante ionomérico por microscópio eletrônico de varredura. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2015;44(4):239-43.Araújo IT, Cunha MMF, Vasconcelos MG, Vasconcelos, RG. Selantes: uma técnica eficaz na prevenção da cárie. Com ciênc saúde. 2013;24(3):259-66.Moura SK, Lemos LVFM, Myszkovisk S, Provenzano MGA, Balducci I, Myaki SI. Bonding durability of dental sealants to deciduous and permanent teeth. Braz J Oral Sci. 2014; 13(3):198-202.Sundfeld RH, Mauro SJ, Briso ALF, Sundfeld  MLMM. Clinical/photographic evaluation of a single application of two sealants after eleven years. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll. 2004;45(2):67-75.Folke BD, Walton JL, Feigal RJ. Occlusal Sealant Success Over Ten Years in a Private Practice: Comparing Longevity of Sealants Placed by Dentists, Hygienists, and Assistants. Pediatr Dent. 2004;26(5):426-32.Sundfeld RH, Croll Theodore P, José MS, Briso ALF, Sversut AR, Sundefeld MLMM. Longitudinal photographic observation of the occurrence of bubbles in pit and fissure sealants. J Appl Oral Sci. 2006;14(1):27-32.Arhakis A, Damianaki S, Toumba KJ. Pit and fissure sealants: types, effectiveness, retention, and fluoride release: a literature review. Balkan J Stomatol. 2007;11(3):151-62.Garbin CAS, Garbin AJI, Santos KT, Pizzato E, Moroso TT. Retention of a pit-and-fissure sealant: comparison of three types of isolation. Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr. 2008;8(2):175-78.Kühnisch J, Mansmannb U, Roswitha HW, Hickel R. Longevity of materials for   pit and fissure sealing - results from a meta-analysis. Dent Mater. 2012;28(3):298-303.

scholarly journals Influence of etching time and bonding strategies on the microshear bond strength of self- and light-cured pit-and-fissure sealants

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo José Souza-Junior ◽  
Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges ◽  
Marcos Antônio Japiassú Resende Montes ◽  
Roberta Caroline Bruschi Alonso ◽  
Glaucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Pit And Fissure Sealants ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microshear Bond Strength ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluated the impact of extended etching and bonding strategies on the microshear bond strength of three sealant materials. Two pit-and-fissure sealants [FluroShield, Dentsply (light-cured) and AlphaSeal, DFL (self-cured)] and one light-cured flowable composite resin (Permaflo, Ultradent) were evaluated according to different enamel etching times (15 s or 30 s) and bonding procedures (no adhesive application, application of primer/hydrophobic resin or hydrophobic resin only). Intact enamel blocks were obtained from bovine teeth and sealed via the tested protocols. After 24 h, the microshear bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Failure modes were classified by stereomicroscopy. Data were submitted to a three-way ANOVA and to Tukey's test (α=0.05). There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) among the materials. Permaflo showed higher bond strength when etched for 30 s alone. Enamel overetching decreased the bond strength of the light-cured sealant. Primer/bond previous treatment improved bond performance for AlphaSeal. In conclusion, from the tested conditions, all sealant materials presented similar bond strength values in relation to bonding protocol and etching time. The flowable composite can be used as a pit-and-fissure sealant. The use of a three-step adhesive system was essential for the self-cured sealant application.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial Effects of Fissure Sealants Containing Chitosan Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sedighe Sadat Hashemi kamangar ◽  
Houtan Zareian ◽  
Abbas Bahador ◽  
Maryam Pourhajibagher ◽  
Zahra Bashareh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives. The present study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of fissure sealants containing chitosan nanoparticles. Materials and Methods. Antibacterial effect of Master Dent fissure sealant alone and after incorporating chitosan nanoparticles was evaluated on Streptococcus mutans, sanguis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Biofilm growth was evaluated by determining colony counts. Antimicrobial effect was determined on days 3, 15, and 30 by counting microbial colonies using eluted components test. One-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD tests, t test, and two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05). Results. Biofilm inhibition test showed that fissure sealant containing 1 wt.% chitosan decreased colony counts significantly ( P < 0.05 ). Eluted components test with S. mutans and sanguis showed significant decrease in colony counts during the first 15 days in chitosan containing group; however, from day 30, antimicrobial activity decreased noticeably, with no significant difference from control group ( P > 0.05 ). Antimicrobial activity against L. acidophilus was maintained in chitosan group up to 30 days, and decrease in colony counts was significant ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. According to the results of this study, incorporation of 1 wt.% chitosan into fissure sealant induced an antimicrobial activity. Antibacterial effect on L. acidophilus persisted for longer time (30 days) compared to the two other bacterial species (15 days).

scholarly journals Microleakage of a Self-Adhesive Flowable Composite, a Self-Adhesive Fissure Sealant and a Conventional Fissure Sealant in Permanent Teeth with/without Saliva Contamination

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohre Sadat Hosseinipour ◽  
Alireza Heidari ◽  
Mehdi Shahrabi ◽  
Kiana Poorzandpoush
Keyword(s):  
Practical Method ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Dye Penetration ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Saliva Contamination ◽  
Vertise Flow

Objectives: Application of fissure sealants is a practical method for prevention of occlusal pit and fissure caries. Microleakage is an important factor affecting the success of fissure sealant treatment. This study aimed to assess the microleakage of a self-adhesive flowable composite, a self-adhesive fissure sealant and a conventional fissure sealant in permanent teeth with/without saliva contamination. Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 108 extracted human third molars, which were randomly divided into six groups (n=18) of control, Denu-Seal conventional fissure sealant applied on etched enamel with/without saliva contamination, Vertise Flow self-adhesive flowable composite applied on rinsed and dried enamel with/without saliva contamination and Prevent Seal self-adhesive fissure sealant applied on rinsed and dried enamel with/without saliva contamination. Microleakage was assessed using the dye penetration technique and subsequent observation of samples under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey’s test. Results: Microleakage of the conventional fissure sealant with/without saliva contamination was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Microleakage of the conventional fissure sealant is less than that of self-adhesive fissure sealant and self-adhesive composite, irrespective of saliva contamination.

scholarly journals Co-Blend Application Mode of Bulk Fill Composite Resin

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2504
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al-Nabulsi ◽  
Alaa Daud ◽  
Cynthia Yiu ◽  
Hanan Omar ◽  
Salvatore Sauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nanoindentation Hardness

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a new application method of bulk-fill flowable composite resin material on bond-strength, nanoleakage, and mechanical properties of dentine bonding agents. Materials and methods: Sound extracted human molars were randomly divided into: manufacturer’s instructions (MI), manual blend 2 mm (MB2), and manual blend 4 mm (MB4). Occlusal enamel was removed and flattened, dentin surfaces were bonded by Prime & Bond universal (Dentsply and Optibond FL, Kerr). For the MI group, adhesives were applied following the manufacturer’s instructions then light-cured. For MB groups, SDR flow+ bulk-fill flowable composite resin was applied in 2- or 4-mm increment then manually rubbed by a micro brush for 15 s with uncured dentine bonding agents and the mixture was light-cured. Composite buildup was fabricated incrementally using Ceram.X One, Dentsply nanohybrid composite resin restorative material. After 24-h water storage, the teeth were sectioned to obtain beams of about 0.8 mm2 for 24-h and thermocycled micro-tensile bond strength at 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed. Degree of conversion was evaluated with micro-Raman spectroscopy. Contraction gaps at 24 h after polymerization were evaluated and atomic force microscopy (AFM) nano-indentation processes were undertaken for measuring the hardness across the interface. Depth of resin penetration was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bond strength data was expressed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Nanoindentation hardness was separately analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: Factors “storage F = 6.3” and “application F = 30.11” significantly affected the bond strength to dentine. For Optibond FL, no significant difference in nanoleakage was found in MI/MB4 groups between baseline and aged specimens; significant difference in nanoleakage score was observed in MB2 groups. Confocal microscopy analysis showed MB2 Optibond FL and Prime & Bond universal specimens diffusing within the dentine. Contraction gap was significantly reduced in MB2 specimens in both adhesive systems. Degree of conversion (DC) of the MB2 specimens were numerically more compared to MS1 in both adhesive systems. Conclusion: Present study suggests that the new co-blend technique might have a positive effect on bond strengths of etch-and-rinse adhesives to dentine.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON FIXED RETAINER ADHESIVE TOWARD TREPONEMA DENTICOLA

2019 ◽  
pp. 198-200
Author(s):  
JESSICA SANTOSO ◽  
MARIA PURBIATI ◽  
KRISNAWATI .
Keyword(s):  
Test Tube ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Treponema Denticola ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Flowable Composites

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop an antibacterial flowable composite containing silver nanoparticle (AgNP) for the prevention ofperiodontal disease in fixed retainers.Methods: About 1% AgNP was incorporated into a commercial composite (tetric flow). The experimental and control products were used to bondfixed retainers to 28 extracted mandibular first premolars. The samples were randomly divided into four groups (n=7): Premolar bonded withfiber-reinforced composites and tetric flow (F1); premolar bonded with fiber-reinforced composites and AgNP-enhanced tetric flow (F2); premolarbonded with multistranded wires (MW) and tetric flow (M1); and premolar bonded with MW and AgNP-enhanced tetric flow (M2). Each sample wassubmerged in a test tube containing bacterial Treponema denticola solution and was incubated for 24 h and 37°temperature. The bacterial colony ineach group was counted and analyzed.Results: This study showed that there was significant difference of T. denticola colony count between groups with and without AgNP-enhancedcomposites in both types of retainers.Conclusion: AgNP-enhanced flowable composites reduce the bacteria T. denticola colony count and possibly inhibit periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Retention of pit and fissure sealants versus flowable composites in permanent teeth: A systematic review

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e04964
Author(s):  
Hasini Ramesh ◽  
Rupa Ashok ◽  
Mathan Rajan ◽  
Lakshmi Balaji ◽  
Arathi Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Pit And Fissure Sealants ◽  
Flowable Composites

scholarly journals Ameloplasty is counterproductive in reducing microleakage around Resin Modified Glass Ionomer and Resin based fissure sealants

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabinda Nawaz Khan ◽  
Farhan Raza Khan ◽  
Syed Yawar Ali Abidi
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer

Objective: To compare the microleakage around resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) based sealants and flowable resin based sealants placed with or without ameloplasty in extracted human teeth. Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was conducted at the Operative Dentistry Department, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan from June 2017 to December 2018. Sixty extracted human molars and premolars were assigned to four groups (n=15) each, according to the type of fissure sealant (flowable resin based sealant or resin modified glass ionomer based sealant) used and either placed with or without ameloplasty. Specimens were thermocycled and then immersed in 1% methylene blue for 24 hours. Specimens were then sectioned and examined using stereo-microscope (50X) for microleakage that was scored on an ordinal scale. Mann-Whitney U test and Ordinal regression were applied. Level of significance kept at 0.05. Results: There was a statistically significant difference (p-value <0.001) between the two sealant types for the microleakage scores. Sealants placed with ameloplasty demonstrated significantly higher microleakage values (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Microleakage was found to be more pronounced in RMGIC based sealants compared to the resin based sealants. Ameloplasty resulted in higher leakage around the sealants irrespective of the chemistry of material. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1268 How to cite this:Khan TN, Khan FR, Abidi SYA. Ameloplasty is counterproductive in reducing microleakage around Resin Modified Glass Ionomer and Resin based fissure sealants. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1268 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Pit and fissure sealants in pediatric dentistry

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Babu ◽  
Shanthala Mallikarjun ◽  
Chandru Premkumar ◽  
Bobby Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Pit And Fissure Sealants

scholarly journals A survey of fissure sealants and dental caries prevalence in the first permanent molars among primary school girls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hessa M. Alwayli ◽  
Sattam A. Alshiha ◽  
Yazeed K. Alfraih ◽  
Mohammed A. Hattan ◽  
Abdullah A. Alamri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Fissure Sealants ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
School Girls ◽  
First Permanent Molars

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of caries and fissure sealants on the first permanent molars (FPMs) among 6–9-year-old girls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: The FPMs of 17,891 school girls from 120 randomly selected public primary schools were evaluated by visual and tactile examination for the carious status and the presence of fissure sealants. Chi-square test was used to analyze the data at level of 5%. Results: A total of 58,140 FPMs were assessed in the 17,891 children. Nearly 64.6% of the children were caries free. Only 1.3% of the children had at least one fissure sealant applied. At tooth level, the decayed FPMs counted for 24.6%. There was obvious underutilization of fissure sealants on the FPMs; 0.8% (n = 478). The caries prevalence in the mandibular FPMs (33%) was significantly higher than in the maxillary FPMs, 18.2% (P < 0.01). The proportion of carious FPMs increased with age of the children significantly (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the proportion of the presence of fissure sealants among the three different grade/age groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Caries prevalence in the FPMs was high and serious among this cohort of young students. This was contrasting the very low prevalence of fissure sealants.

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