Effect of the Iranian Health Sector Evolution Plan Implementation Focused on the Type of Delivery on Maternal and Neonatal Health Indicators in Selected Hospitals of East Azerbaijan Province

Background: Health systems are making reforms to ensure and promote public health. Measuring the effects of reform is one way to determine its effectiveness and consequences. Objectives: This study was aimed at investigating the effect of the Iranian Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP) implementation with a focus on the type of delivery on maternal and neonatal health indicators in East-Azerbaijan Province. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2017. The data of 800 patients were randomly selected through the dataset of eight hospitals equally in the two time periods of before and after the HSEP implementation. A researcher-made checklist was used for data extraction. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using descriptive statistics, t-test, and chi-square. Results: The mean age of the mothers in both periods was 27 years. Most of the participants did not have a previous delivery and had a diploma or a lower level of education. The rate of natural childbirth increased from 34.5% (before the HSEP) to 44.2% (after the HSEP) (P < 0.05). Maternal and neonatal mortality rates decreased from 0.3 and 0.8% to 0.0 and 0.5%, respectively. Maternal and neonatal mortality and stillbirth rates were not significantly different based on the study period and type of delivery (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The findings indicated a significant increase in the rate of natural childbirth after the HSEP implementation. Maternal and neonatal mortality rates had also decreased. These results can guide policymakers in deciding whether to continue or review the reform.

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Effectiveness of Official Development Assistance in the Health Sector in Africa: A Case Study of Uganda

International Quarterly of Community Health Education ◽

10.1177/0272684x20918045 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 0272684X2091804

Author(s):

Cyriaque Rene Sobtafo Nguefack

Keyword(s):

Infant Mortality ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Development Assistance ◽

Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽

Health Sector ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Official Development Assistance ◽

Mortality Ratio

This qualitative explanatory case study assessed the influence of Official Development Assistance on selected health development indicators in Uganda between 2005 and 2013 by reviewing development partners’ perceptions. Key health indicators included the following: (a) under 5-year-old mortality rates, (b) infant mortality rates, and (c) maternal mortality ratio. Results indicated slow progress in reducing infant mortality and under-5 mortality rates and almost no progress in the maternal mortality ratio despite the disbursement of a yearly average of nearly $400 million USD in the last 7 years to the health sector in Uganda. Five bottlenecks in the influence of development assistance on health indicators were identified: (a) poor governance and accountability framework in the country, (b) ineffective supply chain of health commodities, (c) negative cultural beliefs, (d) insufficient government funding to health care, and (e) insufficient alignment of development assistance to the National Development Plan and noncompliance with the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness.

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Community-level impacts of sanitation coverage on maternal and neonatal health: a retrospective cohort of survey data

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005674 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. e005674

Author(s):

Brittany L Kmush ◽

Bhavneet Walia ◽

Anushruta Neupane ◽

Carolina Frances ◽

Idris Ahmed Mohamed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Logit Model ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Community Level ◽

The Other ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Birth Size ◽

Neonatal Health ◽

Live Births ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Health

IntroductionAccess to sanitation facilities (toilets or latrines) greatly improves human health. Low community sanitation coverage may lead to increased exposure to pathogens for households both with and without a sanitation facility.MethodsWe created a retrospective cohort using Demographic and Health Surveys from 1990 through 2018. Using regression with matched women as a random intercept, we assessed the association between community-level sanitation coverage and neonatal mortality (Poisson model, n=1 254 862 live births, 187 datasets), small birth size (logit model, n=1 058 843 live births, 187 datasets) and anaemia (logit model, n=1 304 626 women, 75 datasets).ResultsAmong women with household sanitation, the incidence of neonatal death (incidence rate ratio: 0.85, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.93), the odds of small birth size (OR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.87) and anaemia (OR: 0.82, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.85) were lower for women in communities with 100% sanitation coverage compared with 1%–30% (p≤0.001 for all). There was no difference in neonatal deaths between women in communities with 31%–99% sanitation coverage compared with 1%–30% (p≥0.05). Among women without household sanitation, there were no differences in neonatal mortality by community sanitation (p≥0.05). The odds of small birth size were decreased (OR: 0.91, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.97, p=0.003) for women in communities with 61%–99% sanitation coverage compared with 1%–30%; there was no association with the other community sanitation categories (p≥0.05). The odds of anaemia were increased (OR: 1.08, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.11, p<0.001) for women living in communities with 0% sanitation coverage compared with 1%–30%, but no association with the other community sanitation categories (p≥0.05).ConclusionCommunity sanitation coverage is associated with improved maternal and neonatal outcomes, particularly among women with household sanitation. This suggests that the impact of sanitation coverage on maternal and neonatal health is underestimated unless the community-level effects are considered.

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Impact of community-based interventions on maternal and neonatal health indicators: Results from a community randomized trial in rural Balochistan, Pakistan

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/1742-4755-7-30 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Farid Midhet ◽

Stan Becker

Keyword(s):

Randomized Trial ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Neonatal Health ◽

Community Based Interventions ◽

Community Based ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Health

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The relationship between global gender equality with maternal and neonatal health indicators: an ecological study

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine ◽

10.1080/14767058.2020.1743655 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Sedigheh Abdollahpour ◽

Hamid Heidarian Miri ◽

Fatemeh Khademol Khamse ◽

Talat Khadivzadeh

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Ecological Study ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Neonatal Health ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Health ◽

The Relationship

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Effectiveness of Cadres Training in Improving Maternal and Neonatal Health in Soreang Subdistrict

Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) ◽

10.29313/gmhc.v7i3.3986 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Merry Wijaya ◽

Fardila Elba ◽

Ariyati Mandiri ◽

Wenny Friska ◽

Balkis Fitriani Faozi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Infant Health ◽

Health Workers ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Neonatal Health ◽

Health Counseling ◽

Knowledge And Skills ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Health

The high maternal mortality rate (MMR) and neonatal mortality rate (NMR) are indicators of low health quality in society. Most maternal and neonatal mortality cases prevented through early detection and quick and accurate responses. Other factors that contribute to maternal and neonatal mortality are the quality of health care, the uneven distribution of health workers, and the inadequate health-supporting facilities. The government’s efforts in improving fair health workers distribution and quality of healthcare services by involving integrated health service post (pos pelayanan terpadu/posyandu) cadres, as the front-liners of health care programs (especially concerning maternal and neonatal health), should be able to provide better healthcare services to the people. Hence, cadres training is crucial for improving the cadres’ knowledge and skills in healthcare services. This study aims to analyze the effect of cadres training implementation on the development of cadres’ knowledge and skills in giving maternal and neonatal (infant) health counseling. This study used a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design conducted from July to November 2017. The sample consists of 32 active cadres from 12 villages in Soreang sub-district who satisfy the inclusion criteria. Data is collected through questionnaires to measure knowledge improvement and checklists to measure cadres’ skills development. The findings show that cadres training implementation can improve cadres’ knowledge and skills in maternal and neonatal (infant) health counseling. EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN KADER DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN IBU DAN BAYI DI KECAMATAN SOREANGAngka kematian ibu (AKI) dan angka kematian bayi (AKB) yang tinggi menjadi indikator status kesehatan masyarakat yang rendah. Sebagian besar kasus kematian ibu dan bayi dapat dicegah melalui deteksi dini dan penanganan yang cepat dan tepat. Faktor lain yang memengaruhi kematian ibu dan bayi adalah kualitas pelayanan kesehatan, distribusi tenaga kesehatan belum merata, dan sarana pendukung pelayanan kesehatan yang belum memadai. Upaya pemerintah dalam meningkatkan pemerataan tenaga kesehatan dan pelayanan kesehatan dengan melibatkan kader pos pelayanan terpadu (posyandu) sebagai ujung tombak program kesehatan, khususnya ibu dan anak, seyogianya mampu memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang baik kepada masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, pelatihan kader untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam penanganan kesehatan mutlak diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh implementasi pelatihan kader terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan ibu dan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-experimental pretest-posttest yang dilakukan dari Juli hingga November 2017. Sampel penelitian adalah 32 kader aktif dari 12 desa di Kecamatan Soreang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner untuk menilai perubahan pengetahuan dan daftar tilik untuk mengukur perubahan keterampilan kader. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pelatihan kader mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader dalam melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan ibu dan anak.

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