The relationship between global gender equality with maternal and neonatal health indicators: an ecological study

Background: Health systems are making reforms to ensure and promote public health. Measuring the effects of reform is one way to determine its effectiveness and consequences. Objectives: This study was aimed at investigating the effect of the Iranian Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP) implementation with a focus on the type of delivery on maternal and neonatal health indicators in East-Azerbaijan Province. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2017. The data of 800 patients were randomly selected through the dataset of eight hospitals equally in the two time periods of before and after the HSEP implementation. A researcher-made checklist was used for data extraction. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using descriptive statistics, t-test, and chi-square. Results: The mean age of the mothers in both periods was 27 years. Most of the participants did not have a previous delivery and had a diploma or a lower level of education. The rate of natural childbirth increased from 34.5% (before the HSEP) to 44.2% (after the HSEP) (P < 0.05). Maternal and neonatal mortality rates decreased from 0.3 and 0.8% to 0.0 and 0.5%, respectively. Maternal and neonatal mortality and stillbirth rates were not significantly different based on the study period and type of delivery (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The findings indicated a significant increase in the rate of natural childbirth after the HSEP implementation. Maternal and neonatal mortality rates had also decreased. These results can guide policymakers in deciding whether to continue or review the reform.

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Using Mobile Health to Support Clinical Decision-Making to Improve Maternal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Ghana: Insights of Frontline Health Worker Information Needs (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.12879 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Hannah Brown Amoakoh ◽

Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch ◽

Diederick E Grobbee ◽

Mary Amoakoh-Coleman ◽

Ebenezer Oduro-Mensah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Information Needs ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Neonatal Health ◽

Facility Type ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Health ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUND Developing and maintaining resilient health systems in low-resource settings like Ghana requires innovative approaches that adapt technology to context to improve health outcomes. One such innovation was a mobile health (mHealth) clinical decision-making support system (mCDMSS) that utilized text messaging (short message service, SMS) of standard emergency maternal and neonatal protocols via an unstructured supplementary service data (USSD) on request of the health care providers. This mCDMSS was implemented in a cluster randomized controlled trial (CRCT) in the Eastern Region of Ghana. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the pattern of requests made to the USSD by health workers (HWs). We assessed the relationship between requests made to the USSD and types of maternal and neonatal morbidities reported in health facilities (HFs). METHODS For clusters in the intervention arm of the CRCT, all requests to the USSD during the 18-month intervention period were extracted from a remote server, and maternal and neonatal health outcomes of interest were obtained from the District Health Information System of Ghana. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare the proportion and type of requests made to the USSD by cluster, facility type, and location; whether phones accessing the intervention were shared facility phones or individual-use phones (type-of-phone); or whether protocols were accessed during the day or at night (time-of-day). Trends in requests made were analyzed over 3 6-month periods. The relationship between requests made and the number of cases reported in HFs was assessed using Spearman correlation. RESULTS In total, 5329 requests from 72 (97%) participating HFs were made to the intervention. The average number of requests made per cluster was 667. Requests declined from the first to the third 6-month period (44.96% [2396/5329], 39.82% [2122/5329], and 15.22% [811/5329], respectively). Maternal conditions accounted for the majority of requests made (66.35% [3536/5329]). The most frequently accessed maternal conditions were postpartum hemorrhage (25.23% [892/3536]), other conditions (17.82% [630/3536]), and hypertension (16.49% [583/3536]), whereas the most frequently accessed neonatal conditions were prematurity (20.08% [360/1793]), sepsis (15.45% [277/1793]), and resuscitation (13.78% [247/1793]). Requests made to the mCDMSS varied significantly by cluster, type of request (maternal or neonatal), facility type and its location, type-of-phone, and time-of-day at 6-month interval (P<.001 for each variable). Trends in maternal and neonatal requests showed varying significance over each 6-month interval. Only asphyxia and sepsis cases showed significant correlations with the number of requests made (r=0.44 and r=0.79; P<.001 and P=.03, respectively). CONCLUSIONS There were variations in the pattern of requests made to the mCDMSS over time. Detailed information regarding the use of the mCDMSS provides insight into the information needs of HWs for decision-making and an opportunity to focus support for HW training and ultimately improved maternal and neonatal health.

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Satisfaction in Delivering Maternal and Neonatal Health Services During a Pandemic: Recommendations for Infection Preparedness and Response Protocols and Employee Support for Community Health Workers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-91659/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sara Rizvi Jafree ◽

Ain ul Momina ◽

Qaisar Khalid Mahmood ◽

Amna Khawar

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Community Health ◽

Community Health Workers ◽

Employee Satisfaction ◽

Health Workers ◽

Neonatal Health ◽

Employee Support ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Health ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Aim: Community health workers (CHWs) have emerged as salient health team members in disadvantaged primary settings to provide critical services to disadvantaged mothers and their newborns. There is need for empirical evidence to understand how CHWs may be supported in delivering maternal and neonatal health services during pandemics. Subject and Methods: In this study we used bivariate regression to identify the lower odds for CHW perceived satisfaction for maternal and neonatal health services, with respect to client socio-demographic characteristics, coronavirus preparedness, coronavirus responsiveness, and employee satisfaction. In addition, we used structural equation modeling to investigate if coronavirus responsiveness and employee satisfaction as mediating variables influence the relationship between coronavirus preparedness and maternal and neonatal health services. Results: From a sample of 350 CHWs across 35 districts of Punjab, we found 30 predictors with respect to coronavirus preparedness, coronavirus responsiveness and employee satisfaction which contribute to lower odds of maternal and neonatal health services. We also identified that employee satisfaction is a key mediator in the relationship between coronavirus preparedness and maternal and neonatal health services. Conclusion: We conclude with 4 critical recommendations to support CMWs in delivering optimal services, comprising: education and training, operational support, public acceptance, and employee support and benefits.

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The use of Body Surface Index as a Better Clinical Health indicators Compare to Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area for Clinical Application

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science Engineering and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrset2184117 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 131-136

Author(s):

Shirazu I. ◽

Theophilus. A. Sackey ◽

Elvis K. Tiburu ◽

Mensah Y. B. ◽

Forson A.

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

Body Surface Area ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Body Surface ◽

Body Height ◽

Health Indicators ◽

The Body ◽

Body Parameters ◽

The Relationship ◽

Individual Body

The relationship between body height and body weight has been described by using various terms. Notable among them is the body mass index, body surface area, body shape index and body surface index. In clinical setting the first descriptive parameter is the BMI scale, which provides information about whether an individual body weight is proportionate to the body height. Since the development of BMI, two other body parameters have been developed in an attempt to determine the relationship between body height and weight. These are the body surface area (BSA) and body surface index (BSI). Generally, these body parameters are described as clinical health indicators that described how healthy an individual body response to the other internal organs. The aim of the study is to discuss the use of BSI as a better clinical health indicator for preclinical assessment of body-organ/tissue relationship. Hence organ health condition as against other body composition. In addition the study is `also to determine the best body parameter the best predict other parameters for clinical application. The model parameters are presented as; modeled height and weight; modelled BSI and BSA, BSI and BMI and modeled BSA and BMI. The models are presented as clinical application software for comfortable working process and designed as GUI and CAD for use in clinical application.

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Relationship Between Different Types of Violence and Mental Health in High School Students From Northern Mexico

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/08862605211021964 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052110219

Author(s):

Oscar Armando Esparza-Del Villar ◽

Sarah Margarita Chavez-Valdez ◽

Priscila Montañez-Alvarado ◽

Marisela Gutiérrez-Vega ◽

Teresa Gutiérrez-Rosado

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Health Indicators ◽

School Students ◽

Social Violence ◽

Different Types ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Different types of violence have been present in Mexico but there have been few studies that have analyzed their relationship with mental health in adolescents, especially in cities with high rates of social violence. It is important to compare different violence types and their relationship with mental health since not all relationships are the same. It appears that social violence has a stronger relationship with mental health, and for this reason it receives more attention, but other types of violence have a stronger relationship and do not receive as much attention. Chihuahua has been one of the most violent states in Mexico, and Juarez has been the most violent city in the world in 2009 and 2010. The purpose of the study is to compare the relationship of different types of violence (social, cyberbullying, partner violence, and child abuse and neglect) with mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, and paranoid thoughts). There were 526 high school students, from the cities of Juarez ( n = 282) and Chihuahua ( n = 244). The mean age was 16.5 ( SD = 1.4) years and 50.6% reported being males. The relationships among the variables were analyzed using Pearson’s correlations and multiple linear regressions. Both cities that have experienced social violence like carjacking, kidnapping, and sexual assault, but they have very small or no relationships with mental health indicators. Other types of violence have stronger correlations. Our findings suggest that interventions should not focus only in preventing and dealing with social violence, but that other types of violence must also be addressed in adolescents.

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SOH diagnostic and prognostic of high energy application by the relationship of health indicators

2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) ◽

10.1109/ecce44975.2020.9236254 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pyeong-Yeon Lee ◽

SangUk Kwon ◽

Deokhun Kang ◽

SeungYun Han ◽

Woonki Na ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Indicators ◽

High Energy ◽

Energy Application ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Money Matters: Dissecting the Relationship Between Gender Equality and Female Homicide Victimization Rates in the European Union

Feminist Criminology ◽

10.1177/1557085116667480 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 435-455 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Janet P. Stamatel

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Gender Equality ◽

European Countries ◽

Curvilinear Relationship ◽

Violent Victimization ◽

The European Union ◽

Homicide Victimization ◽

The Relationship ◽

Gender Specific ◽

Victimization Rates

This study utilized a fairly new measure of gender equality from the European Union to dissect the relationship between gender-specific homicide victimization rates and different forms of gender equality across a sample of European countries. Results showed support for a curvilinear relationship between financial equality and female and male homicide victimization, providing support for amelioration and backlash theories, but no support for absolute economic marginalization. While there were some similarities between the female and male models, there were enough differences to warrant further investigations of gendered theories of violent victimization.

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Do Women Need Women Representatives?

British Journal of Political Science ◽

10.1017/s0007123409990408 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 171-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Rosie Campbell ◽

Sarah Childs ◽

Joni Lovenduski

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Empirical Research ◽

Political Elites ◽

Election Study ◽

Substantive Representation ◽

Men And Women ◽

Representation Of Women ◽

Mass Attitudes ◽

The Relationship ◽

Mass Level

This article analyses the relationship between the representatives and the represented by comparing elite and mass attitudes to gender equality and women’s representation in Britain. In so doing, the authors take up arguments in the recent theoretical literature on representation that question the value of empirical research of Pitkin’s distinction between substantive and descriptive representation. They argue that if men and women have different attitudes at the mass level, which are reproduced amongst political elites, then the numerical under-representation of women may have negative implications for women’s substantive representation. The analysis is conducted on the British Election Study (BES) and the British Representation Study (BRS) series.

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