scholarly journals Study of the effect of fuel consumption and geographic conditions on Tehran’s air pollution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Education ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

Studies show that Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. This pollution is more due to the traffic of cars. According to statistics, Tehran only had 3 days of clean air in 2012 and 2013. The consumption of low-grade petroleum products by non-standard vehicles manufactured with old technol- ogy has caused air pollution to the city in the absence of an efficient public transport system as well as inefficient management. The results suggest that transition from this dilemma is possible through efficient laws, proper man- agement, the use of world-wide knowledge and culture and general education from the basic levels. Obviously, solving this problem will directly affect the quality of life of citizens, and its effects can be seen in the economic, health, environmental and social spheres. The indirect effects of the crisis can be predicted in economic growth and development, and even in the promotion of national security (at a high level).

scholarly journals Contribution of Local and Transboundary Air Pollution to the Urban Air Quality of Fukuoka, Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Ayako Yoshino ◽  
Akinori Takami ◽  
Keiichiro Hara ◽  
Chiharu Nishita-Hara ◽  
Masahiko Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution ◽  
Local Air Pollution ◽  
The City

Transboundary air pollution (TAP) and local air pollution (LAP) influence the air quality of urban areas. Fukuoka, located on the west side of Japan and affected by TAP from the Asian continent, is a unique example for understanding the contribution of LAP and TAP. Gaseous species and particulate matter (PM) were measured for approximately three weeks in Fukuoka in the winter of 2018. We classified two distinctive periods, LAP and TAP, based on wind speed. The classification was supported by variations in the concentration of gaseous species and by backward trajectories. Most air pollutants, including NOx and PM, were high in the LAP period and low in the TAP period. However, ozone was the exception. Therefore, our findings suggest that reducing local emissions is necessary. Ozone was higher in the TAP period, and the variation in ozone concentration was relatively small, indicating that ozone was produced outside of the city and transported to Fukuoka. Thus, air pollutants must also be reduced at a regional scale, including in China.

scholarly journals Towards Smart City: Influence of Air Pollution on the Local Community of the Zabrze City in Surveys and Field Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 845-850
Author(s):  
Jolanta Ignac-Nowicka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Accumulation Of Pollutants ◽  
The City

Abstract The results of the conducted pilot research indicated the basic local problems of the residents of Zabrze city. The purpose of the next research was to answer the question: how to improve the quality of life of residents in a city with significant air pollution. Activities aimed at this goal are inscribed in the idea of "smart city". The article presents the results of pilot measurements of air pollution with toxic gases in the Zabrze city in the Silesian agglomeration (Poland). Field studies at selected locations in the city concerned measurements of nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide. The aim of these studies was to identify areas of the city with significant air pollution with toxic gases in order to plan further detailed research. Made measurements showed the appearance of the local problem of accumulation of pollutants in several areas of the city. The results obtained were compared with surveys conducted among residents of the Zabrze city. The aim of the survey was to examine the respondents' awareness of: the location of areas with noticeable air pollution and health problems resulting from air pollution in the place of residence. The article also presents a plan of possible actions for the city of Zabrze within the framework of the "smart city" idea to improve the quality of life of the local city community in conditions of increased emission of gas pollution in the city.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR MONITORING AIR POLLUTION FROM VEHICLES (CASE STUDY OF ST. PETERSBURG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
V. N. Lozhkin ◽  
◽  
O. V. Lozhkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Information Process ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Standard Limit ◽  
The City ◽  
Original Information

Introduction. St. Petersburg is the cultural and sea capital of Russia. The city is characterized by environmental problems typical for the largest cities in the world. It has a technical system for instrumental online monitoring and computational forecasting of air quality. Methods. The system maintains the information process by means of computational monitoring of its current and future state. Results. The paper describes methodological approaches to the generation of instrumental information about the structure and intensity of traffic flows in the urban road network and its digital transformation into GIS maps of air pollution in terms of pollutants standard limit values excess. Conclusion. The original information technology for air quality control was introduced at the regional level in the form of an official methodology and is used in environmental management activities.

scholarly journals Adaptation of International Approaches to Creating a Statistical Indicators System for the Water Management Analysis at the City Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (47) ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
T. G. Chala ◽  
◽  
O. I. Slavuta ◽  
G. S. Korepanov ◽  
D. I. Chernenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article aims at substantiating the theoretical and methodological foundations for creating a unified statistical indicators system and statistical analysis of the water resources management at the city level. The advantages of using standardized indicators in the field of sanitation and water supply at the city level are identified and characterized in accordance with ISO 37120: 2014 «Sustainable cities and communities – indicators of urban services and quality of life». Both the main and auxiliary indicators of urban services and quality of life on «Water and sanitary conditions» and «Sewage» topics are systematized as for their formulas, application features and data sources. It is established that, according to the Water Risk Filter, Ukraine can be divided into four regions depending on the water risk, namely, low, moderately medium, medium, and high water risk levels. Based on these data, such cities from the Global Register of Cities developed by the World Council on City Data (WCCD) were selected: Amsterdam (Netherlands), Barcelona (Spain), Dubai (United Arab Emirates), Guadalajara (Mexico). Their indicators in the field of sanitation and water supply were analyzed. It is established that these cities are characterized by a high level of water supply and sewerage services, as well as a fairly high level of the access to high-quality sanitary and hygienic conditions. The situation with quality indicators of water management is worse. For example, advanced waste treatment is only carried out in Dubai. In Guadalajara, 21% of urban wastewater is not treated at all. It is established that in general, Dubai is the leader in the quality of water supply and sanitation services, while Guadalajara is the outsider city, showing the lowest quality levels of most of the studied indicators. The national system of indicators is suggested to be expanded by including such an indicator as «Average annual duration of water supply outages per 1 household»

scholarly journals Innovations in individual urban transport systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-847
Author(s):  
Marika Jamrozik ◽  
Piotr Kisielewski
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
The Media ◽  
High Level ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
The City

In this paper innovative urban individual transport systems have been discussed. The results of the survey conducted on a group of 250 people, of which the largest part were residents of the city in the youngest age group 18-24 shows that knowledge about modern forms of transport and the possible willingness to use them, is not at a high level. The reason is the attachment of society to material goods and lack of awareness about the benefits that the user gains, but also the inhabitants in the aspect of improving the quality of life in the city. The future of transport belongs to systems that are focused on the lack of belonging and sharing economy. The concluded analysis proves that the systems functioning in the States are profitable and convenient for the residents, and the companies constantly develop their offer by expanding with modern solutions and facilities. In Poland, the change of residents habits regarding the forms of mobility will occur with the increase of popularity of modern systems, and this can be obtained by emphasizing the promotion in means of transport, at bus stops, and in the media. Forecasts indicate a steadily growing market value of innovative urban transport systems, which will improve the standard of living in crowded cities.

Economic analysis of drinking water services, case of the city of Souk-Ahras (Algeria)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
S. Boukhari ◽  
F. S. Pinto ◽  
H. Abida ◽  
Y. Djebbar ◽  
C. de Miras
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Economic Instruments ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Tariff Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

Abstract Water Supply and Sanitation Services (WSSS) face various constraints that hinder their development. The application of sustainable economic instruments may help WSSS policymakers improving the quality of service provision for their clients. This study shows the role of these economic instruments in WSSS management for the case of the city of Souk-Ahras (Algeria). A detailed analysis of expenditures and revenues, focusing on the tariff structure and subsidies, has been carried out. The results obtained show that WSSS in Souk-Ahras suffer from a relevant budget imbalance influenced by the high level of non-revenue water and the application of pricing that does not achieve cost recovery.

BIOINDICATION OF THE AIR ENVIRONMENT OF THE CITY OF OMSK ACCORDING TO A STUDY OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
L. P. IVASHCHENKO ◽  
◽  
V. P. IVASHCHENKO ◽  
M. V. KUBAREVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
The City

The problem of air pollution of the city is still relevant today. A significant increase of emissions of pollutants from the activities of industrial plants, road transport has a negative impact on the quality of atmospheric air and the environment as a whole, the health of the population. The main objective of this research is to assessment of the state of the air environment, by studying of pinus sylvestris needles, growing on the territory of the city of Omsk. For research of the state of the atmospheric air were chosen 5 key sections in the city of Omsk, where we selected samples of needles. It was found, that the severity of damage and drying of needles is uneven on all key sections, depends on the level of air pollution. An assessment of the state of the air environment was carried out, which showed, that on the territory of the Soviet park and ave. of the Culture (sections 1 and 2, respectively) relatively clean air "norm" was established, according to the third level of pollution. Cathedral square and st. Irtyshskaya embankment (sections 3 and 5, respectively) are characterized by dirty air «harmful», according to the sixth level of pollution.

Indoor Air Pollution as an Environmental Factor

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Joshi Satish
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Average Person ◽  
Sampling Program ◽  
The City ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

An average person spends most of his time indoors and the quality of indoor air affects his performance and well-being. This justifies the study of indoor air pollution for the development of working and living environments which are comfortable and safe. As a part of a larger program to study traffic-generated air pollution in the vicinity of streets, a simultaneous indoor/outdoor sampling program was carried out at three sites in the city of Zurich, Switzerland. Parameters included CO, NO, NO2 and HCHO. The results show the direct relationship between indoor and outdoor concentrations of CO, NO and NO2. HCHO concentrations were found to be substantially higher indoors than ourdoors thus supporting the hypothesis that HCHO source could be in the buildings themselves. The importance of indoor air is emphasized, and the interplay of indoor and outdoor air pollution is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Air quality indication in Blace (Southeastern Serbia) using lichens as bioindicators

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Stamenkovic ◽  
Svetlana Ristic ◽  
Tatjana Djekic ◽  
Tatjana Mitrovic ◽  
Rada Baosic
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Normal Zone ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City ◽  
Southeastern Serbia

Air quality investigations have not been undertaken in Blace until now. Identifying the presence of different types of epiphytic lichens was performed in the summer 2012 in Blace (southeastern Serbia), and selected rural settlements around Blace, in order to establish the air quality of the area. The analysis of samples from described localities indicated the presence of 25 lichen taxa from 19 genera. Using the Index of Atmospheric Purity (IAP), it was found that there are 2 different air pollution zones in Blace: ?lichen desert? and ?transitional? or ?struggle zone?, which includes the periphery of the city. In these zones the air is moderately polluted. In the urban area of Blace there is no ?normal? zone, but one was detected in the surrounding rural areas.

scholarly journals Level of Service Research of Public Transport Facilities: A Access of Trivandrum City

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S8) ◽  
pp. 1215-1218
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The City

Public transportation is one of the sustainable form of transportation which provides mobility options for the people. The public transport services are very basic need of people’s lives, especially in developing world. It is the basic means for mobility of a large percent of people and hence it is the driving force of economic and social life. Quality of service, characterized by the Level-of-Service (LoS) is one of the major factors determining the demand for public transport. This study tries to determine the city-wide Level-of-Service provided by the public transport system using the service level benchmarks as a case study of Trivandrum city. The indicators for determining the Level-of-Service used in the study are presence of organized public transport system, availability or extend of public transport supply, service coverage, average waiting time, level of comfort in public transport and the fleet availability. This approach can be used to determine the LoS at the city-level and thus provides a measure for identifying the public transport quality of an urban area.

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