scholarly journals Estimation Methods for Infertility Treatment Success: Comparison of Four Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Zarinara ◽  
Koorosh Kamali ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Akhondi
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Conditional Probability ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Treatment Cycle ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Infertile Couples

Objective: To analyze and compare four methods for estimating the chance of treatment success in infertile couples. Materials and methods: In a retrospective cohort study, information on demographic and clinical features, including age, body mass index (BMI), duration of infertility, semen analysis, previous history of treatment and clinical examination of infertile couples were analyzed. Treatment success (childbearing) was calculated with four methods as live birth ratio, conditional probability and survival analysis (life table and Kaplan-Meyer method) and results are compared. Results: The fertility ratio for the first treatment cycle was 29.72% which decreased to 23.13% by total treatment cycles. The success rate was 75.4%. With conditional probability calculation at the end of the five treatment cycles. With the life table method in a five-year period, the probability for live birth was 78% and by Kaplan-Meyer method 73.1% and the median of treatment time was 562 days. Conclusion: Calculation of infertility treatment success rate by only simple live birth ratio of childbearing couples is associated with underestimation. Using the conditional probability method reduces that underestimation, but it is not considered the censored cases in the treatments. It seems life table (as a proxy of survival analysis) presents the closest estimation to clinical facts with considering the repetition of the treatment cycle and the duration of treatment.

The Success Rate and Factors Affecting the Outcome of Assisted Reproductive Treatment in Subfertile Men

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza ZARINARA ◽  
Hojjat ZERAATI ◽  
Koorosh KAMALI ◽  
Kazem MOHAMMAD ◽  
Maryam RAHMATI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment Type

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the success rate of male infertility treatment and the factors affecting its outcome. Methods: In a historical cohort study, from Mar 2013 to Mar 2014, 323 couples with male factor were investigated. Couples had treated with IUI or/and ICSI were included randomly. Assisted reproduction technology (ART) outcome (treatment success) was defined as a live birth. Age, duration of infertility, type of infertility, treatment history and clinical examination results were investigated. The logistic regression and survival analysis were applied. Results: The average of men age, duration of infertility and BMI were 33.5, 4.7 (yr) and 26.6 (kg/m2 ) respectively. 87.9% of men have primary infertility and average duration of treatment was 14.1(month). Previous treatment, type of infertility, treatment method, man's BMI, normality of sperm and sperm head were important variable that affecting outcome. The rate of live birth in the first attempt was 29.7%, and 44.9% of the couples succeeded to give live birth after several treatment cycles. Couples who had no previous history of treatment were 8.5 times more successful in live birth. The Cox analysis showed that "BMI of man" and percentage of "Sperm with normal head" are predictors that had a significant effect on live birth. Conclusion: Live birth in the first treatment cycles was influenced by four variables but two other variable were affecting several treatment cycles outcome. The chances of successful treatment were higher with taking into account the length of time and having live birth was determined as 78% for five years of continuous treatment.

scholarly journals Using artificial intelligence to predict the intrauterine insemination success rate among infertile couples

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Akbari Sene ◽  
Zahra Zandieh ◽  
Mojgan Soflaei ◽  
Hamid Mokhtari Torshizi ◽  
Kourosh Sheibani
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Treatment Cycle ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Positive Pregnancy Test ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Neural Network Input

Abstract Background To evaluate the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting the success rate of intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment among infertile couples and also to determine the importance of each of the parameters affecting IUI success. This study was a retrospective cohort study in which information from 380 infertile couples undergoing IUI treatment (190 cases resulting in positive pregnancy test and 190 cases of failed IUI) including underlying factors, female factors, sperm parameters at the beginning of the treatment cycle, and fertility results were collected from 2013 to 2019 and evaluated to determine the effectiveness of AI in predicting IUI success. Results We used the most important factors influencing the success of IUI as a neural network input. With the help of a three-layer neural network, the accuracy of the AI to predict the success rate of IUI was 71.92% and the sensitivity and specificity were 76.19% and 66.67%, respectively. The effect of each of the predictive factors was obtained by calculating the ROC curve and determining the cut-off point. Conclusions The morphology, total motility, and progressive motility of the sperm were found to be the most important predictive factors for IUI success. In this study, we concluded that by predicting IUI success rate, artificial intelligence can help clinicians choose individualized treatment for infertile couples and to shorten the time to pregnancy.

scholarly journals Effect of using electronic medication monitors on tuberculosis treatment outcomes in China: a longitudinal ecological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Wang ◽  
Lei Guo ◽  
Hemant Deepak Shewade ◽  
Pruthu Thekkur ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
County Level ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Random Intercept ◽  
Relative Change

Abstract Background In China, an indigenously developed electronic medication monitor (EMM) was designed and used in 138 counties from three provinces. Previous studies showed positive results on accuracy, effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility, but also found some ineffective implementations. In this paper, we assessed the effect of implementation of EMMs on treatment outcomes. Methods The longitudinal ecological method was used at the county level with aggregate secondary programmatic data. All the notified TB cases in 138 counties were involved in this study from April 2017 to June 2019, and rifampicin-resistant cases were excluded. We fitted a multilevel model to assess the relative change in the quarterly treatment success rate with increasing quarterly EMM coverage rate, in which a mixed effects maximum likelihood regression using random intercept model was applied, by adjusting for seasonal trends, population size, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and clustering within counties. Results Among all 69 678 notified TB cases, the treatment success rate was slightly increased from 93.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 93.0–94.0] in second quarter of 2018 to 94.9% (95% CI: 94.4–95.4) in second quarter of 2019 after implementing EMMs. There was a statistically significant effect between quarterly EMM coverage and treatment success rate after adjusting for potential confounders (P = 0.0036), increasing 10% of EMM coverage rate will lead to 0.2% treatment success rate augment. Besides, an increase of 10% of elderly or bacteriologically confirmed TB will lead to a decrease of 0.4% and 0.9% of the treatment success rate. Conclusions Under programmatic settings, we found a statistically significant effect between increasing coverage of EMM and treatment success rate at the county level. More prospective studies are needed to confirm the effect of using EMM on TB treatment outcomes. We suggest performing operational research on EMMs that provides real-time data under programmatic conditions in the future.

scholarly journals One-year outcomes of microhook trabeculotomy versus suture trabeculotomy ab interno

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yokoyama ◽  
Masashi Takata ◽  
Fumi Gomi
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Glaucoma Surgery ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ab Interno

Abstract Purpose To compare clinical success rates and reductions in intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-lowering medication use following suture trabeculotomy ab interno (S group) or microhook trabeculotomy (μ group). Methods This retrospective review collected data from S (n = 104, 122 eyes) and μ (n = 42, 47 eyes) groups who underwent treatment between June 1, 2016, and October 31, 2019, and had 12-month follow-up data including IOP, glaucoma medications, complications, and additional IOP-lowering procedures. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate treatment success rates defined as normal IOP (> 5 to ≤ 18 mm Hg), ≥ 20% reduction of IOP from baseline at two consecutive visits, and no further glaucoma surgery. Results Schlemm’s canal opening was longer in the S group than in the μ group (P < 0.0001). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of all eyes showed cumulative clinical success rates in S and µ groups were 71.1% and 61.7% (P = 0.230). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of eyes with preoperative IOP ≥ 21 mmHg showed cumulative clinical success rates in S and μ groups were 80.4% and 60.0% (P = 0.0192). There were no significant differences in postoperative IOP at 1, 3, and 6 months (S group, 14.9 ± 5.6, 14.6 ± 4.5, 14.6 ± 3.9 mmHg; μ group, 15.8 ± 5.9, 15.2 ± 4.4, 14.7 ± 3.7 mmHg; P = 0.364, 0.443, 0.823), but postoperative IOP was significantly lower in the S group at 12 months (S group, 14.1 ± 3.1 mmHg; μ group, 15.6 ± 4.1 mmHg; P = 0.0361). There were no significant differences in postoperative numbers of glaucoma medications at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months (S group, 1.8 ± 1.6, 1.8 ± 1.5, 2.0 ± 1.6, 1.8 ± 1.5; μ group, 2.0 ± 1.6, 2.0 ± 1.6, 2.1 ± 1.6, 2.2 ± 1.7; P = 0.699, 0.420, 0.737, 0.198). Conclusion S and µ group eyes achieved IOP reduction, but μ group eyes had lower clinical success rates among patients with high preoperative IOP at 12 months.

Relationship between malocclusion severity and treatment success rate in Class II nonextraction therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
Fabrício Pinelli Valarelli ◽  
Rodrigo Hermont Cançado ◽  
Marcos Roberto de Freitas ◽  
Arnaldo Pinzan
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Treatment Success Rate

scholarly journals Treatment outcome of tuberculosis at Dilla Referral Hospital, Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: A retrospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249369
Author(s):  
Endrias Markos Woldesemayat ◽  
Zewtir Azeze
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Treatment Success Rate ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Tb Treatment

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems in Ethiopia. Determining treatment outcome of TB cases could help to understand the effectiveness of TB control efforts. The objective of this study was to assess TB treatment outcome and associated factors and determine the risk factors of death among TB cases who were on Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS). Methodology We analyzed a retrospective data for TB cases who were on DOTS at Dilla Referral Hospital from July 2011- June 2016. The study population was TB cases with known HIV status and whose treatment outcome was evaluated at the Hospital. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed using statistical package SPSS for windows, version 20. Result Out of 899 registered TB cases, 731 included in this analysis. Of these cases, 424 (58.0%) were male and 334 (45.7%) were in the age group of below 25 years. Treatment success rate of TB was 675 (92.3%) and death rate was 18 (2.5%). Treatment outcome showed statistically significant variation by HIV status (P < 0.001). HIV status of the TB cases and pretreatment weight were associated with TB treatment outcome. HIV status of the TB cases was associated with death of the TB cases (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.0; CI 95%: 1.8–13.5). Conclusion TB treatment success rate found in this study was high. Patient’s weight and HIV status were associated with treatment outcome. Moreover, HIV status predicted death of TB cases. Cautious treatment follow-up and defaulter tracing mechanisms for TB cases with these risk factors were suggested.

P–691 How predictive is endometrial thickness for live birth after fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfer when no cut-off is employed?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Turkgeldi ◽  
B Shakerian ◽  
S Yildiz ◽  
I Keles ◽  
B Ata
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Frozen Thawed Embryo Transfer ◽  
Thawed Embryo Transfer

Abstract Study question Does endometrial thickness (EMT) predict live birth (LB) after fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (ET) and is there a lower EMT cut-off for ET? Summary answer Once intracavitary pathology and inadvertent progesterone exposure is excluded, EMT is not predictive for LB. EMT is not linearly associated with probability of LB. What is known already EMT is commonly used as a marker of endometrial receptivity and in turn, assisted reproductive technology treatment success. ET is often cancelled or postponed if EMT is below an arbitrary cut-off. However, the available evidence on the relationship between EMT and LB rates is conflicting and too dubious to hold such strong stance. An overwhelming majority of the studies on the subject are retrospective, they use different arbitrary cut off values ranging between 6 to 9 mm with heterogeneous stimulation and transfer protocols. Study design, size, duration Records of all women who underwent fresh or frozen-thawed ET in Koc University Hospital Assisted Reproduction Unit between October 2016 - August 2019 were retrospectively screened. All women who underwent fresh or frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer during the study period were included. Every woman contributed to the study with only one transfer cycle for each category, i.e., fresh ET and frozen-thawed ET. Participants/materials, setting, methods After ruling out endometrial pathology, EMT was measured on the day of ovulation trigger for fresh ET cycles, and on the day of progesterone commencement for frozen-thawed ET. ET was carried out, regardless of EMT, if there was no suspicion of inadvertent progesterone exposure, i.e., due to follicular phase progesterone elevation in fresh or premature ovulation in frozen ET cycles. Main results and the role of chance 560 ET cycles, 273 fresh and 287 frozen-thawed, were analyzed. EMT varied from 4mm to 18mm. EMT were similar between women who achieved a LB and who did not after fresh ET [10.5 (9.2 – 12.2) mm and 9 (8 – 11) mm, respectively, p = 0.11]. Ovarian stimulation characteristics and proportion of women who received a single embryo were similar (69% vs 68.3%, respectively, p = 0.91). Women who achieved a LB was significantly younger than those who did not [35 (32–38) and 37 (33–41), respectively, p &lt; 0.01]. Women who had a LB and who did not after frozen-thawed ET had similar EMT of 8.4 (7.4 – 9.7) mm and 9 (8 – 10) mm, respectively (p = 0.38). Women who achieved a LB were significantly younger than those who did not [32 (29–35) vs 34 (30–38) years, p = 0.04]. The proportion of women who received a single ET was similar between women who achieved a LB and who did not after a FET [86/95 (90.5%) vs 181/192 (94.3%), respectively, p = 0.26]. Area under curve values of EMT for predicting LB in fresh, frozen-thawed and all ET were 0.56, 0.47 and 0.52, respectively. EMT and LB rate were not linearly correlated in fresh or frozen-thawed ET cycles. Limitations, reasons for caution Although our study is retrospective, no women was denied ET due to EMT in our center. Only patients undergoing ET were included in the analysis, which may introduce bias due to the selection of couples who were competent enough to produce at least one blastocyst fit for transfer. Wider implications of the findings: Since women with thin endometrium had reasonable chance for LB even in the absence of a cut-off for EMT in this unique dataset, delaying or denying ET for any given EMT value alone does not seem justified. Further studies in which ET is carried out regardless of EMT are needed. Trial registration number Not applicable

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