scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zarei ◽  
Fatemeh Bazvand ◽  
Nazanin Ebrahimiadib ◽  
Ramak Roohipoor ◽  
Reza Karkhaneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
History Of

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among Iranian infants. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on infants who had undergone screening for ROP at Farabi Eye Hospital, between March 2016 and March 2017. Data were analyzed based on the presence of extreme prematurity (gestational age ≤ 28 weeks), extremely low-birth-weight (≤ 1000 g), and multiplegestation (MG) infants. Results: The prevalence of ROP was 27.28% (n = 543) among all screened infants, 74.4% for extremely preterm (EP) infants, 77.5% for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) babies, and 27.25% for infants from MG pregnancies. On multivariate analysis, gestational age, birth weight, and history of transfusion (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P = 0.04, respectively) were found to be significantly associated with ROP. More advanced stages of ROP (P < 0.0001) were observed in EP and ELBW infants. Birth weight (P = 0.088), history of transfusion (P = 0.066), and intubation (P = 0.053) were not associated with increased risk of ROP in EP infants, while gestational age (P = 0.037) and history of transfusion (P = 0.040) were significant risk factors for ROP in ELBW infants. Gestational age (P < 0.001) and birth weight (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with ROP in infants from MG pregnancies in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: ROP remains a commonly encountered disease, especially in ELBW and EP infants. The history of transfusion may have a role in stratifying the risk for ROP and guiding future screening guidelines.

scholarly journals The risk factors and progression of retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Igor I. Dyumin ◽  
Elena A. Balakireva ◽  
Elena A. Yaroshevich ◽  
Aleksey I. Sevostyanov ◽  
Igor V. Nikolaenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

The number of premature babies, including those with extremely low birth weight (ELBW), is steadily growing every year. In surviving ELBW infants, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) more often develops, which has a more severe course, depending not only on the degree of immaturity and somatic burden of premature babies but also on the quality of nursing. The aim of this work is to determine the risk factors for ROP progression in profoundly premature ELBW infants to optimize the tactics of their treatment. Materials and methods. We studied the case histories of 155 surviving premature ELBW infants with ROP of various stages treated in perinatal centres of the Belgorod region in 2014-2019. Results. In premature ELBW infants, ROP of varying severity was found to be diagnosed in 90% of cases. The anamnesis of the mothers of the examined patients with moderate and severe ROP was dominated by unfavorable preceding pregnancies (miscarriages, silent miscarriage and ectopic pregnancies, medical abortions).The need for preterm infants in mechanical ventilation was established to depend on the severity of ROP and the duration of mechanical ventilation (p < 0.05). Frequent, not always justified red blood transfusions leading to the replacement of fetal haemoglobin with adult haemoglobin are also essential factors in ROP progression.

scholarly journals NEONATAL HYPOGLYCEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 745-749
Author(s):  
Sikandar Ali Bhand ◽  
Farzana Sheikh ◽  
Abdul Rehman Siyal ◽  
Muhammad Akber Nizamani ◽  
Muhammad Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Family History ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
History Of

… Objective: To determine the presenting features and assessment of the neonateswith hypoglycemia along with maternal and neonatal risk factors for hypoglycemia. Subjects &methods: All consecutive neonates with hypoglycemia admitted were included in the study.Demographic characteristics of the mothers and their babies, past medical history and illnessesduring pregnancy especially that, of diabetes mellitus and duration, details of the management oflabour and place of delivery, birth asphyxia as well as history of feeding prior to admission. All therisk factors and clinical features were documented. Results: From presenting features neonateswere most common temperature instability 32% of the neonates. Maternal risk factors were asMaternal diabetic mellitus, Intrapartum administration of glucose , Maternal drug uses as: (Betablockers, Oral hypoglycemic agents, Valproate), family history of metabolic disorder and withoutany factors with the percentage 13%, 17%, (15%, 08%, 07%) , 27% and 13% respectively.Neonatal risk factors of the patients were found low birth weight 49%, small gestational age 26%,macrosomia 11%, respiratory distress 32%, sepsis 20%, hypothermia 25%, congenital cardiacabnormalities 4%, endocrine disorder 4%, family history of metabolic disorder 7%, inborn errorsof metabolism 4%, rhesus hemolytic disease 5%, erythroblastosis fetalis 1%, inadequate feeding35% and neonates without factors were 6%. Conclusions: The risk factors associate withneonatal hypoglycemia are, low birth weight, small gestational age, macrodome, respiratorydistress, sepsis, hypothermia and inadequate feeding , and maternal risk factors associate toneonatal hypoglycemia was Eclampsia, Maternal diabetic mellitus, and maternal drug uses

scholarly journals Cognitive Outcomes for Extremely Preterm/Extremely Low Birth Weight Children in Kindergarten

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah J. Orchinik ◽  
H. Gerry Taylor ◽  
Kimberly Andrews Espy ◽  
Nori Minich ◽  
Nancy Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Impairment ◽  
Verbal Knowledge

AbstractOur objectives were to examine cognitive outcomes for extremely preterm/extremely low birth weight (EPT/ELBW, gestational age <28 weeks and/or birth weight <1000 g) children in kindergarten and the associations of these outcomes with neonatal factors, early childhood neurodevelopmental impairment, and socioeconomic status (SES). The sample comprised a hospital-based 2001–2003 birth cohort of 148 EPT/ELBW children (mean birth weight 818 g; mean gestational age 26 weeks) and a comparison group of 111 term-born normal birth weight (NBW) classmate controls. Controlling for background factors, the EPT/ELBW group had pervasive deficits relative to the NBW group on a comprehensive test battery, with rates of cognitive deficits that were 3 to 6 times higher in the EPT/ELBW group. Deficits on a measure of response inhibition were found in 48% versus 10%, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 7.32 (3.32, 16.16),p< .001. Deficits on measures of executive function and motor and perceptual-motor abilities were found even when controlling for acquired verbal knowledge. Neonatal risk factors, early neurodevelopmental impairment, and lower SES were associated with higher rates of deficits within the EPT/ELBW group. The findings document both global and selective cognitive deficits in EPT/ELBW children at school entry and justify efforts at early identification and intervention. (JINS, 2011,17, 1067–1079)

scholarly journals Retinopathy of prematurity in preterm babies in a local medical college and hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1463
Author(s):  
Shantisena Mishra ◽  
Anjali Saji ◽  
Saiprasanna Behera ◽  
Sridhar Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Preterm Babies

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity is a multifactorial vasoproliferative retinal disease that increases in incidence with decreasing gestational age and is one of the leading causes of preventable childhood blindness in India. Advances in neonatology have led to dramatic increase in survival of preterm neonates and in turn, to the risk of developing ROP. Since most of the risk factors associated with ROP mentioned above arise in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) itself and most of them are avoidable, cautious monitoring of the risk factors, early screening, follow up and surgical intervention have been shown to reduce the incidence and improve the outcome of ROP.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted for a period of 2 years. A total of 151 infants admitted in NICU /SNCU who satisfied the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Initial and follow up screening was conducted in three phases the results were documented in proforma after ethical clearance.Results: Comparison of risk factors between eyes with and without ROP was done using Chi-square test. A p-value of<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Incidence of ROP in centre is found to be 33.8%. Among maternal risk factors, multiple gestation and PROM/PPROM is found to be significant in the development of ROP from this study. However, mode of delivery and gestational hypertension, were found to be not significant in ROP. Among neonatal risk factors, low birth weight, lower gestational age, prolonged oxygen exposure, blood transfusion, mechanical ventilation, sepsis, phototherapy was found to be significant in this study.Conclusions: ROP, being an emerging cause for potentially blinding visual disability, needs to be diagnosed early. Due to the advancements in neonatology and better survival of preterm babies, timely screening, regular follow up, early detection and intervention is mandatory. A multidisciplinary approach is required in diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Proper counselling and motivation for parents of preterm and low birth weight babies for regular follow up is also essential.

Small for gestational age and poor fluid intelligence in childhood predict externalizing behaviors among young adults born at extremely low birth weight

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelet Lahat ◽  
Ryan J. Van Lieshout ◽  
Saroj Saigal ◽  
Michael H. Boyle ◽  
Louis A. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractAlthough infants born at extremely low birth weight (ELBW; birth weight < 1000 g) are at increased risk for developing later psychopathology, the mechanisms contributing to this association are largely unknown. In the present study, we examined a putative cognitive link to psychopathology in a cohort of ELBW survivors. These individuals were followed up prospectively at age 8 and again at ages 22–26. At 8 years, participants completed measures of fluid and general intelligence. As young adults, a subset of ELBW survivors free of major neurosensory impairments provided self-reports of personality characteristics related to psychopathology. Data from 66 participants indicated that, as predicted, the association between ELBW and externalizing behaviors was moderated by fluid intelligence. Specifically, ELBW individuals with poor fluid intelligence who were born small for gestational age (birth weight < 10th percentile for gestational age) showed the highest level of externalizing behaviors. These findings provide support for a cumulative risk model and suggest that fluid intelligence might be a cognitive mechanism contributing to the development of psychopathology among nonimpaired individuals who were born at ELBW and small for gestational age.

scholarly journals SAT-103 Extrauterine Growth Restriction (EUGR) in Preterm Infants: Incidence, Risk Factors, Nutrition, Auxological and Neurological Outcome.A Retrospective Study from 2010 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Del Pistoia ◽  
Maria Giulia Tozzi ◽  
Alessandra Carmignani ◽  
Massimiliano Ciantelli ◽  
Rosa Teresa Scaramuzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract EUGR is still a serious problem in very low birth weight preterm infants. The gradual improvement in neonatal intensive care has allowed the survival of newborns with increasing low weight and gestational age, with a higher incidence of major nutritional problems and diseases (Goldenberg 2008). EUGR was defined as growth parameters ≤ 10° centile at discharge, compared to the expected intrauterine growth for post-menstrual age. Recently EUGR was defined, in a dynamic way, as the reduction in anthropometric parameters z-score between birth and discharge &gt;1SD (Griffin 2016). Aims of our study were to evaluate: the incidence of EUGR, the nutritional intake, the main risk factors, the auxological and neurological outcome. We enrolled 346 newborns admitted to our NICU from 2010 to 2016 with gestational age (GA) at birth &lt; 30 weeks and/or birth weight &lt;1500 gr. Infants with malformations or syndromes were excluded. The incidence of EUGR was 73.1% for weight, 66.3% for length and 39.3% for head circumference. We observed a decrease in SD mainly during the first 14 days of life. From two weeks to discharge, no significant catch-up growth was observed. Risk factors for EUGR were: male gender, reduced GA (p=0.000), low birth weight (p=0.000), lower minimum weight achieved (p=0.000), more time to recover birth weight (p=0.000), lower growth rate per day (p=0.001), longer period of total parenteral nutrition (p=0.008), later onset of minimal enteral feeding (p=0.006), later achievement of the full enteral feeding (p=0.000), cesarean section (p=0.006), incomplete corticosteroid prophylaxis (p=0.025), postnatal steroids use (p=0.000), mechanical ventilation (p=0.000), pulmonary bronchodysplasia (p= 0.000), leukomalacia (p=0.06), patent ductus arteriosus (p=0.000), retinopathy of prematurity (p= 0.008), late onset sepsis (p= 0.09). In 197 patients post-discharge clinical follow up at 1, 3 and 24 months of correct age (CA) was performed. Around 88% of all our sample showed normal neurological development. 12% at 1 and 3 months had abnormal general movements (both writhing and fidgety movements) or absent (p = 0.001). At 24 months CA patients with abnormal/absent fidgety movements had neurological disabilities and 83% were EUGR. At 24 months, 17% had weight &lt;10th centile and all were EUGR. 25% showed an overgrowth (weight &gt;75th centile) with a probably increased risk of metabolic disease later in life. The incidence of EUGR increased over the years due to the augmentation in preterm births with lower GA. The first 14 days of life were a critical period and nutrition is known to be mandatory to promote newborns’ growth (Asbury 2019). The EUGR condition negatively affected the neurological (Chien 2018) and auxological (Takayanagi 2018, Wood 2018) outcome of preterm infants and the early recognition of this condition is extremely important in order to implement a careful and prolonged follow-up.

scholarly journals RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY (ROP);

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asghar Ali ◽  
Muhammad Anwar ◽  
Malik Muhammad Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oxygen Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: To find out Association with risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) of in-hospital newborns of low birth weight (LBW). Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Paediatrics, Civil Hospital Bahawalpur. Period: March 2017 to May 2018. Material and Methods: Sixty infants having birth weight 800 gram to 2500 gram, gestational age from 28 weeks to 40 weeks, either male or female were selected. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was assessed in selected patients. Results: Mean gestational age was 32.67 ± 3.8 weeks, mean weight was 1484.17 ± 532.9 gram and mean duration of hospital stay was 14.52 ± 6.6 days. ROP was noted in 20 (33%) patients. Grade I ROP was noted in 11 (55%) patients followed by grade II 7 (35%) and grade III in 2 (10%) patients. Very low birth weight (VLBW), longer duration of oxygen supplementation and male gender were found to be significantly associated (p value < 0.05) with ROP while other variables turned out to be insignificant. Conclusion: Association and risk factors of ROP in LBW infants is high and most of the cases were found with grade I ROP. ROP developed in all very premature infants. Significant association of ROP was noted with VLBW, prolonged duration of oxygen supplementation and male gender.

scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight babies in a tertiary neonatal care unit in northern India

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-618
Author(s):  
Manu Sharma ◽  
Mangat R Dogra ◽  
Deeksha Katoch ◽  
Mansi Sharma ◽  
Sourabh Dutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oxygen Exposure ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit

To study the incidence and risk factors of Retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight babies in a tertiary neonatal care unit in northern India. A prospective cohort study of all neonates born during January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015, with birth weight less than 1000 grams. Demographic details, risk factors and incidence of ROP were studied. Sixty babies were enrolled for the study with mean birth weight of 892.983±112.933 (560 to 1000) grams and mean gestation age of 29.47±2.258 (25-35) weeks. The incidence of ROP in this cohort was 50% (30 infants), out of which 23% (7 infants) required treatment (laser photocoagulation). The statistical analysis of risk factors on univariate analysis revealed significant association for oxygen exposure, apnoea, surfactant use, anaemia, blood transfusion, intraventricular haemorrhage, sepsis and antibiotic use. On multivariate logistic regression analysis anemia and oxygen exposure &#62; week were found to be independent risk factors for development of ROP. The incidence of ROP was although high in this exclusive cohort of babies born &#60;1000g but there is substantial decrease in incidence as compared to that reported in earlier studies. Gestational age &#60;30 wks, being appropriate for gestation rather than small for gestation, anemia and oxygen exposure&#62;1 week were found to be independent risk factors for development of ROP in this cohort.

scholarly journals Az extrém alacsony születési súlyú koraszülöttek hyperglykaemiájának korai és késői szövődményei

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (32) ◽  
pp. 1270-1278
Author(s):  
Réka Turai ◽  
Márton Ferenc Schandl ◽  
Timea Dergez ◽  
Réka Anna Vass ◽  
Tímea Kvárik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Neonatal Hyperglycemia

Abstract: Introduction: During recent decades, the perinatal mortality of extremely low-birth weight infants has decreased. An important task is to recognize complications of prematurity. Aim: We made an attempt to explore the relationship between complications of prematurity and neonatal hyperglycemia. Method: From 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017, 188 infants with birth weight below 1000 g were admitted. For each infant, the frequencies of hyperglycemia (blood glucose >8.5 mmol/l), retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were determined. Animal studies were performed in Sprague Dawley rats. Hyperglycemia was achieved by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg). On the 7th day of life, aorta sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin eosin. Wall thickness was measured using QCapture Pro 7 image analysis software. Results: The mean ± SD gestational age and birth weight were 27.1 ± 2.2 weeks and 814.9 ± 151.9 g; 33 infants (17.5%) died. Hyperglycemia was confirmed in 62 cases (32.9%), and insulin treatment was given to 43 infants (22.8%). The gestational age and birth weight of the hyperglycemic infants were significantly lower (p<0.001), the incidence of severe retinopathy (p = 0.012) and the mortality of insulin-treated patients were higher (p = 0.02) than in normoglycemic infants. Among survivors (n = 155), we found by logistic regression analysis that hyperglycemia was a risk factor for severe retinopathy (p<0.001). In the rat model, neonatal hyperglycemia caused significant thickening of the aortic wall. Conclusion: Our studies indicate that hyperglycemia is common in extremely low birth-weight infants. Monitoring of these infants for retinopathy of prematurity, kidney dysfunction, and hypertension is recommended. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(32): 1270–1278.

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