scholarly journals Assessment of Prescriptions Patterns and Drug Use across the Kurdistan Region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawaz Tawfeeq ◽  
Tarin Tahssen Obied ◽  
Aram Ommar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Therapeutic Considerations ◽  
Electronic Prescriptions

Background: Errors in drug prescriptions are the most common preventable medication errors encountered in clinical practices worldwide. The purpose of this study is to examine the pattern of prescriptions and drug use in the Kurdistan region and to determine whether prescription patterns are based on rational therapeutic considerations. Methods: A cross sectional-observational study was conducted in the Kurdistan region of Iraq over a period of five months. A total of 1000 prescriptions were selected randomly from different pharmacies and data obtained from each prescription. In these prescriptions a total of 2878 medications were prescribed. After collection, excel software was then used to perform calculations. Results: The average number of drugs per prescription was calculated to be 2.8. Drugs prescribed by generic name were 27% and more than 98 percent of prescriptions were handwritten. The duration of therapy was mentioned in 56.5% of prescriptions. However, the dose and dosage form of medications were recorded 62% and 87.3% respectively. The percentage of prescriptions containing a signature was 88.1%. Furthermore, the percentage of antibiotics, supplements, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other painkillers were prescribed at a rate of 51.8%, 44.2%, 31.8%, and 21.8% per prescription. Conclusion: Whilst observing the data we can conclude that the rate of drugs written per prescription is much higher than the suggested World Health Organization (WHO0 average. Prescribing errors are one of the most common preventable causes of medication errors and the use of electronic prescriptions may play a huge role in ameliorating this fact.

Evaluation of Drug Use Based on WHO Prescribing Indicator in Mizan- Tepi University Teaching Hospital, south Western Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Hambisa ◽  
Rediet Feleke ◽  
Ameha Zewudie ◽  
Mohammed Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Background:: Rational drug use comprises aspects of prescribing, dispensing and patient use of medicines for different health problems. This study is aimed to assess drug prescribing practice based on the world health organization prescribing indicators in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Methods:: An institutional based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate prescribing practices in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Data were collected based on World health organization drug use indicators using prescription papers. 600 prescriptions dispensed through the general outpatient pharmacy of the hospital were collected by systematic random sampling method from prescriptions written for a 1-year time in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Results:: The present study found that the average number of drugs per prescription was 2.04 ± 0.87 in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital with a range between 1 and 5. Prescribing by generic name was 97.6 % and 47.8% of prescriptions contained antibiotics in the hospital. 27.7% of prescriptions contained at least one injectable medication in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. From prescribed drugs, 96.7% of them were prescribed from Ethiopian essential drug list. Conclusion:: Present study indicated that the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter, the percentage of generic prescribing and prescribing from the EDL were close to optimal value. However, the percentage of encounters with antibiotics and injections prescribed were found be very high. Thus, the study highlights some improvements in prescribing habits, particularly by focusing on the inappropriate consumption of antibiotics and injections.

scholarly journals Concerns, Knowledge, and Practices of Dentists in Mexico Regarding Infection Control during the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
José F. Gómez-Clavel ◽  
Miguel A. Morales-Pérez ◽  
Gabriela Argumedo ◽  
Cynthia G. Trejo-Iriarte ◽  
Alejandro García-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Total Agreement

Dentists are highly exposed and vulnerable during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, as physical proximity to patients is necessary for effective dental examination and treatment. The objective of this study was to describe the concerns, knowledge, and infection control practices of dentists in Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cross-sectional study conducted from 22 May 2020 to 8 July 2020, an anonymous survey was distributed to dentists, which covered information regarding dentists’ sociodemographic and professional characteristics, clinical practices during the pandemic, and perceptions regarding the application of infection prevention and control guidance for dental settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Out of 703 respondents, 73.1% (n = 514) were women and 53.6% (n = 377) were dentists with 1–10 years of experience. Regarding the statements issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the responses for 11 survey items had total agreement rates >90% (high frequency); seven and nine items had moderate and low frequency of total agreement, respectively. Most dentists in this study agreed with the WHO and CDC statements and were concerned regarding the possibility of infection, despite using the protective gear.

Pattern of Drug Prescription and Utilization among Bam Residents during the First Six Months after the 2003 Bam Earthquake

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Sepehri ◽  
Manzumeh-Shamsi Meimandi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bam Earthquake ◽  
Richter Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractIntroduction:It is important to identify what kinds of drugs are required by disaster-affected populations so that appropriate donations are allocated. On 26 December 2003, an earthquake with an amplitude of 6.3 on the Richter scale struck southeastern Iran, decimating the city of Bam. In this study, the most frequently utilized and prescribed drugs for Bam outpatients during the first six months after the Bam Earthquake were investigated.Methods:In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, the data were collected randomly from 3,000 prescriptions of Bam outpatients who were examined by general practitioners from Emergency Medical Assistance Teams in 12 healthcare centers during the first six months after the Bam Earthquake. The data were analyzed for: (1) patient sex; (2) number of drugs/prescriptions; (3) drug category; (4) drug name (generic or brand); (5) route of administration; (6) percent of visits where the most frequent drug categories were prescribed; and (7) the 25 most frequently prescribed drugs, using World Health Organization (WHO) indicators of drug use in health facilities.Results:Male patients represented 47.4% and females 52.6% of the total number of outpatients. The mean number of drugs/prescriptions was 3.5 per outpatient. Oral administration was the most frequent method of administration (81.7%), followed by injections (10.9%). Respiratory drugs were the most frequently used drugs (14.2%), followed by analgesics/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (11.3%), antibacterials (11.2%), gastroinestinal (GI) drugs (9.6%), and central nervous system drugs (7%). Penicillins (6.8%), cold preparations (8%), and systemic anti-acids (ranitidine and omeprazole) were among the 25 most frequently used drugs by outpatients and inhabitants of Bam during the first six months after the Bam Earthquake.Conclusion:Respiratory, analgesic, antibacterial, gastrointestinal, and psychiatric medications were among the most commonly prescribed pharmaceuticals after the catastrophic Bam Earthquake.The results of this study may help to predict the needs of patients during future disasters and prevent unnecessary donations of medicine.

scholarly journals Análise dos aprazamentos de fármacos analgésicos em terapia intensiva

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Kirley Kethellen Batista Mesquita ◽  
Patrícia Giselle Freitas Marques ◽  
Cybilla Rodrigues Sousa Santos ◽  
Francisco Mayron Morais Soares ◽  
Maria Lurdemiler Sabóia Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Terapia Intensiva ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Health Organization

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o aprazamento dos fármacos analgésicos realizados por enfermeiros em um centro de terapia intensiva. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, utilizando prontuários de pacientes críticos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva. Compôs-se a amostra por 404 prescrições médicas. Coletaram-se os dados por meio de um roteiro semiestruturado. Analisaram-se os aprazamentos de Enfermagem de acordo com a escada analgésica da Organização Mundial da Saúde, e os resultados apresentam-se em tabelas. Resultados: verifica-se que os anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais e os opioides ocuparam mais de metade das prescrições médicas, representando 78%. Observa-se que o analgésico aprazado que mais se repetiu foi o tramadol associado à dipirona, com 35%. Ressalta-se que apenas 0,7% das prescrições apresentaram características potencialmente interativas, sendo elas: tramadol e fluconazol e tramadol e prometazina. Conclusão: apresentou-se, no estudo, a importância do aprazamento na Enfermagem, associado ao domínio da Farmacologia, para uma boa prática profissional. Aponta-se que, apesar dos pacientes serem polimedicados, os profissionais buscam não administrar os analgésicos junto a outros fármacos, evitando possíveis interações. Descritores: Analgésicos; Unidades de Terapia Intensiva; Manejo da Dor; Enfermagem; Incompatibilidade de Medicamentos; Cuidados de Enfermagem.ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze the availability of analgesic drugs performed by nurses in an intensive care unit. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study using critical patient records in an intensive care unit. The sample was composed of 404 medical prescriptions. The data were collected by means of a semi-structured script. The Nursing appointments were analyzed according to the analgesic ladder of the World Health Organization, and the results are presented in the form of tables. Results: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids were found to occupy more than half of the medical prescriptions, accounting for 78%. It is observed that the most frequently repeated analgesic was tramadol associated with dipyrone, with 35%. It is noteworthy that only 0.7% of the prescriptions presented potentially interactive characteristics, being: tramadol and fluconazole and tramadol and prometazine. Conclusion: the study presented the importance of nursing care, associated to the field of Pharmacology, for good professional practice. It is pointed out that, despite the patients being polymedicated, the professionals seek not to administer analgesics along with other drugs, avoiding possible interactions. Descriptors: Analgesics; Intensive Care Units; Pain Management; Nursing; Incompatibility of Medications; Nursing Care.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar los plazos establecidos de los fármacos analgésicos realizados por enfermeros en un centro de terapia intensiva. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, utilizando prontuarios de pacientes críticos en una unidad de terapia intensiva. Se compuso la muestra por 404 prescripciones médicas. Se recogieron los datos por medio de un itinerario semiestructurado. Se analizaron los plazos establecidos de enfermería de acuerdo con la escalera analgésica de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, y los resultados se presentan en forma de tablas. Resultados: se verifica que los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos y los opioides ocuparon más de la mitad de las prescripciones médicas, representando el 78%. Se observa que el analgésico complacido que más se repitió fue el tramadol asociado a la dipirona, con el 35%. Se resalta que sólo el 0,7% de las prescripciones presentaron características potencialmente interactivas, siendo ellas: tramadol y fluconazol y tramadol y prometazina. Conclusión: se presentó, en el estudio, la importancia de los plazos establecidos en la Enfermería, asociado al dominio de la Farmacología, para una buena práctica profesional. Se apunta que, a pesar de que los pacientes son polimedicados, los profesionales buscan no administrar los analgésicos junto a otros fármacos, evitando posibles interacciones. Descritores: Analgésicos. Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos. Manejo del Dolor. Enfermería; Incompatibilidad de Medicamentos; Atención de Enfermería.

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRES DENGAN SIKLUS MENSTRUASI PADA MAHASISWA KEBIDANAN TINGKAT I DI STIKES KUNINGAN TAHUN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Fera Riswidautami Herwandar ◽  
Russiska Russiska ◽  
Intan Maharani Fakhrudin
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Permasalahan kesehatan pada remaja yang menduduki persentasi terbesar dibanding yang lainnya adalah gangguan menstruasi. Gangguan pada siklus menstruasi (durasi perdarahan yang lebih lama dan ketidakteraturan siklus) disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya ialah stres. Stres diketahui sebagai faktor-faktor penyebab (etiologi) terjadinya gangguan siklus menstruasi. Stres akan memicu pelepasan hormon kortisol dimana hormon kortisol ini dijadikan tolak ukur untuk melihat derajat stres seseorang. Hormon kortisol diatur oleh hipotalamus otak dan kelenjar pituitari, dengan dimulainya aktivitas hipotalamus, hipofisis mengeluarkan FSH dan proses stimulus ovarium akan menghasilkan estrogen. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Pelayanan Kesehatan Peduli Remaja (PKPR) dibawah naungan World Health Organization (WHO) menyebutkan bahwa permasalahan remaja di Indonesia adalah seputar permasalahan yang mengenai gangguan menstruasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat stres dengan siklus menstruasi pada mahasiswa kebidanan tingkat I di STIKES Kuningan tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa kebidanan tingkat I di STIKES Kuningan tahun 2019 sebanyak 41 responden. Analisis yang digunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan tingkat stres dengan siklus menstruasi pada mahasiswa kebidanan tingkat I di STIKES Kuningan, dari 41 responden terdapat 18 (44%) responden yang mengalami stres sedang, pada siklus menstruasi yang tidak teratur terdapat 25 (61%) responden. Hasil uji rank spearman,  yakni p value = 0,01 (<0,05) yang ada hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan siklus menstruasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat stres dengan siklus menstruasi pada mahasiswa kebidanan tingkat I di STIKES Kuningan tahun 2019. Bagi institusi Pendidikan khususnya Program Studi Diploma III Kebidanan diharapkan dapat membuat sebuah program edukasi mengenai manajemen stres pada remaja yang bisa dilakukan secara rutin di luar jadwal perkuliahan.  

Gambaran Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Ca Serviks Dan Perilaku Pencegahan Ca Serviks Di Sma Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuni Kurniati Yuni Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT   According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every two minutes a woman dies of cervical cancer in develoving countries. In Indonesia, new cases of cervical cancer is 40-45 cases of day. It is estimated every hour, a women died of cervical center. At the general hospital center Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, the incidence of women who had cervical cancer incidence year 2011 women who had cervical cancer incidence are 34 people (48,2%). The following factors increase the chance of cervical cancer in women is infection of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), sexsual behavior, family history of cervical cancer, age, mechanism of how oral contraceptives, smoking, income or socioeconomic status, race , unhealthy diet, the cell abnormal, parity, use of the drug DES (Dietilsbestrol), and birth control pills. The purpose of this study is known of adolescents about cervical cancer in SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang year 2016. This study used Analytic Survey with Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study were all young women students in SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang with the number of 171 respondents. The results showed there were 171 respondents (37.5%) of respondents were knowledgeable, and (62.52%) of respondents who are knowledgeable unfavorable. These results indicate that knowledgeable either less than those less knowledgeable in both the SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Year 2016. From these results, it is expected that more teens can know about cervical cancer so that it can add a lot of insight and knowledge.     ABSTRAK   Menurut data World Health Organization (WHO), setiap dua menit wanita meninggal dunia karena kanker serviks dinegara berkembang. Di Indonesia, kasus baru kanker serviks 40-45 kasus perhari. Di perkirakan setiap satu jam, seorang perempuan meninggal dunia karena kanker serviks. Di rumah sakit umum pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, angka kejadian ibu yang mengalami kanker serviks pada tahun 2011 ibu yang mengalami kejadian kanker serviks terdapat 34 orang (48,2%). Faktor-faktor berikut meningkat kan peluang kanker serviks pada wanita yaitu infeksi Human Papiloma virus (HPV), perilaku seks, riwayat keluarga kanker serviks, umur ,mekanisme bagaimana kontrasepsi peroral, merokok, pendapatan atau status social ekonomi, ras, diet tidak sehat, adanya sel abnormal, paritas, menggunakan obat DES (Dietilsbestrol),dan pil KB. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Diketahuinya pengetahuan remaja tentang Ca Cerviks di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey  analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua siswi remaja putri di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang dengan jumlah 171 responden.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 171 responden terdapat(37.5 %) responden yang berpengetahuan baik, dan (62.52  %) responden yang berpengetahuan kurang baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa yang berpengetahuan baik lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan  yang berpengetahuan kurang baik di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016. Dari hasil penelitian ini, Diharapkan remaja bisa lebih banyak mengetahui tentang caserviks sehingga dapat menambah banyak wawasan dan pengetahuan.    

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