scholarly journals Overview of Mycelial Fungi - Lignin Destructors

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivanova Lyudmila Afanasevna ◽  
FomenkoIvan Andreevich ◽  
Churmasova Lyudmila Alekseevna ◽  
Kuzmicheva Tatyana Pavlovna
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Alcohol Oxidase ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Mycelial Fungi

In this work, the following genuses of mycelial fungi, capable of producing ligninolytic enzymes of various actions, were considered:Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusariumand Altermaria. Fungi of the genus Aspergilluswere capable of producing laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase in the medium. Penicillium mostly produced laccase. Fusariumproduced laccase, aryl alcohol oxidase, manganesedependent peroxidase, manganese-independent peroxidase and lignin peroxidase. Alternariaproduced laccase, lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase. The results demonstrated the possibility of using specific substrates in the study of enzyme activity, as well as the influence of some factors introduced into the medium on the synthesis of enzymes. The auxiliary influence of these fungi on the synthesis of ligninolytic enzymes in symbiosis with otherswas considered. Keywords: mycelial fungi, ligninolytic enzymes, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Altermaria

scholarly journals Lignolytic Enzymes Production from Selected Mushrooms

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M. Shantaveera Swamy ◽  
Ramalingappa
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Assays ◽  
Lignolytic Enzymes ◽  
Plate Assay

In this paper, ligninase enzymes produced by selected mushrooms have been reported. We collected mushrooms from Western Ghats, most of them were edible food. Thirty samples isolated were tested using a plate assay through direct agar plate assay by using ABTS, decolourisation containing the fifteen isolates were able to decolourise the dye, indicating a lignin-degrading ability. Spectrophotometric enzyme assays from all selected isolates were carried out to examine the production of Ligninolytic enzymes (Laccase, lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase). Ten selected isolates produced all three kinds of enzymes tested. Lignolytic enzymes are groups of enzymes these are actively involved in bioremediation.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 308-313 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12732 

scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of the Production of Ligninolytic Enzymes- Lignin Peroxidase and Manganese Peroxidase by P. Sajor Caju During Coir Pith Composting

CORD ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhakrishnan S
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Coir Pith ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
Pleurotus Sajor Caju

Coir is the natural hard fruit fibre extracted from the exocarp of the coconut. The fibre has over 40 percent lignin and is spun into yarn and rope. Coir is used globally for manufacturing floor coverings as home furnishing. The Coir Industry enjoys the status as the largest cottage industry in Kerala giving employment to over a million people, of which 80 percent constitute women. Coir pith is a biomass residue generated during the extraction of coir fibre from coconut husk. Coir pith produced during coir fibre extraction is of environmental concern as its dumping on shore line and leaching of its constituents alter water quality and aquatic life. Management of coir pith is a major problem with all coir industrialists. Hillocks of coir pith accumulate in the vicinities of coir fibre extraction units in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Orissa. These agricultural wastes have traditionally been disposed by burning which resulted in various environmental problems. Therefore, composting is an alternate way to dispose coir pith and is of critical importance. Ligninolytic enzyme production during coir pith composting by Pleurotus sajor caju has been studied in detail. Pleurotus sajor caju produces oxidative enzymes which degrade lignin in the presence of urea as nitrogen source. Substitution of urea with vegetative sources has resulted in the vigorous growth of the mushroom which leads to decreased lignin content and C: N ratio in the biodegraded coir pith. Combination of Azolla and Soya hulls as biological supplements was observed to be the best substitute for lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase production. Activity of manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase was maximum on the twentieth day of fermentation of coir pith. The level of enzyme activity during biological composting using vegetative sources was compared with the conventional process using urea. The enzyme profile exhibited variation with change in substrate and duration of decomposition. The colonization of Pleurotus sajor caju by its utilization leads to biochemical changes in coir pith converting it into an ideal plant nutrient.

scholarly journals The Influence of Inducers on the Coltricia cinnamomea Laccase Activity and its Ability to Degrade POME

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249
Author(s):  
Yohanes Bernard Subowo ◽  
Arwan Sugiharto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Veratryl Alcohol ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Low Activity

Some species of Basidiomycetes, specifically white rot groups, produce three ligninolytic enzymes, namely, Lignin Peroxidase (LiP), Manganese Peroxidase (MnP) and Laccase (Lac), which have low activity in degrading Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). The research objective was to obtain the data on the ability of the Coltricia cinnamomea to produce LiP, MnP, and Lac enzymes to degrade POME. This research also studied the effect of sucrose, alcohol, veratryl alcohol, CuSO4 and ZnSO4,as inducers. Isolates of Coltricia cinnamomea, which were stored in a PDA media at -20℃ were obtained from the Microbiology section of the Research Center for Biology (LIPI). Furthermore, the growth media used were DM, Bean sprout Extract (TE) and PDB. The result indicated that PDB is the most suitable growth media for the production of ligninolytic enzymes, because in this medium these enzymes showed the highest activity. It was also observed that sucrose increased the laccase activity by 40.80%. Furthermore, Coltricia cinnamomea was able to reduce the concentration of Poly R-478 by 60.74%, after the addition of ZnSO4. In addition, it degraded and decreased the color and COD of POME, by 72.63% and 91.19% respectively, after the addition of veratryl alcohol, and incubation for 10 days. Therefore, this fungus can be used to degrade POME in order to prevent environmental pollution. Coltricia cinnamomea has not been used for POME degradation. By using Coltricia cinnamomea, we  obtained new data regarding the activity of laccase and its ability to degrade POME. 

scholarly journals Aktivitas enzim ligninolitik Pleurotus ostreatus pada media yang mengandung TKKS dan aplikasinya untuk dekolorisasi zat warna (Activity of ligninolytic enzyme of Pleurotus ostreatus on media containing OPEFB and their application for dyes decolorization)

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firda DIMAWARNITA ◽  
TRI - PANJI
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzyme ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Enzyme Extract ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Dyes Decolorization

Ligninolytic enzymes are known as extracellular enzymes produced by the white rot fungi class of basidiomycetes. One of the most well-known fungi of the white rot fungus isPleurotus ostreatus. The aim of this study to calculate the activity of ligninolytic enzymes in the growth media of Pleurotus ostreatusand their application in decolorization of dye colour. The ligninolytic enzyme extract obtained was used to decolorize bluedyes (MethyleneBlue)and red dyes(Congo Red). The highest laccase enzyme activity was in the first month of 0.35 U/mL with E1 media composition; the highest manganese peroxidase (MnP) enzyme activity was in the fourth month at 31.818 U / mL with E4 media composition; and the highest lignin peroxidase (LiP) enzyme activity was in the fifth month at 0.269 U / mL with E1 media composition. The enzyme extract obtained was then applied to decolorize red and blue dyes. Decolorization of dyes was measured using spectrophotometry with a blue wavelength of 470 nm and red 685 nm. The highest reduction in decolorization of blue dye and red dye was 12 hours with concentration of enzyme addition of 0.5%. Based on these results, ligninolytic enzymes potentiallyto be developed as bioactive agents for detergents.[Keywords: decolorization, laccase, mangan peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, spectrofotometry] AbstrakEnzim ligninolitik dikenal sebagai enzim ekstraseluler yang dihasilkan oleh jamur pelapuk putih golongan basidiomycetes. Salah satu jamur dari golongan jamur pelapuk putih yang banyak dikenal adalah Pleurotus ostreatus. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung aktivitas enzim ligninolitik pada media pertumbuhan jamur tiram  (Pleurotus ostreatus) dan aplikasinya dalam dekolorisasi zat warna.  Ekstrak enzim ligninolitik yang didapatkan kemudian dimanfaatkan untuk dekolorisasi zat warna biru(Methylene Blue)dan merah (Congo Red). Aktivitas enzim lakase tertinggi ada pada bulan pertama sebesar 0,35 U/mL dengan komposisi media E1; aktivitas enzim mangan peroksidase (MnP) tertinggi ada pada bulan keempat sebesar 31,818 U/mL dengan komposisi media E4; dan aktivitas enzim lignin peroksidase (LiP) tertinggi ada pada bulan kelima sebesar 0,269 U/mL dengan komposisi media E1. Ekstrak enzim yang didapat kemudian diaplikasikan untuk dekolorisasi zat warna merah dan biru. Dekolorisasi zat warna diukur menggunakan spektrofotometri dengan panjang gelombang biru pada 470 nm dan merah pada 685 nm. Penurunan dekolorisasi zat warna birudan zat warna merahtertinggi selama 12jam dengan konsentraasi penambahan enzim sebesar 0,5%.Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, enzim ligninolitik sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai agen bioaktif untuk deterjen.[Kata kunci: dekolorisasi, lakase, mangan peroksidase, lignin peroksidase,  spektrofotometri]

Co-Immobilized Lignin Peroxidase and Manganese Peroxidase from Coriolus Versicolor Capable of Decolorizing Molasses Waste Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 1067-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Hong Ran ◽  
Zhi Fei Che ◽  
Wan Qun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Coriolus Versicolor ◽  
Time Stability ◽  
Chitosan Microspheres

This paper explains how the Lignin peroxidase and Manganese Peroxidase from Coriolus Versicolor were co-immobilized by chitosan microspheres.It studies kinetic character of the enzyme after co-immobilization.Optimum Lip and MnP activity obtained at 30-35°C for 14 hours in pH 8.4 glutaraldehyde solutions during immobilized to chitosan microspheres which prepared by coagulation in NaOH: methanol=3:2. When kept at 50°C for 6h, more than 80% of the immobilized enzyme activity remained, while the free enzymes were inactive under the same conditions. The co-immobilized enzyme can remain 70% activity after two weeks while both of the free enzymes inactive. Compared with the free enzymes, temperature and time stability of the co-immobilized enzyme was considerably improved.

Comparative production of ligninolytic enzymes by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Polyporus sanguineus

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1397-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramjit Kaur Bajwa ◽  
Daljit Singh Arora
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extract Medium ◽  
Malt Extract Medium

The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of a wide range of culture conditions on production of ligninolytic enzymes by Polyporus sanguineus and Phanerochaete chrysosporium . Lignin peroxidase production by P. sanguineus was comparable with that of P. chrysosporium, although the culture conditions giving the highest yield varied greatly between the two fungi. Highest yield of manganese peroxidase by P. sanguineus obtained in 0.5% malt extract medium and peptone or malt extract supplemented mineral salts broth could not be surpassed by P. chrysosporium in any of the optimization experiments. In addition to lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase, P. sanguineus also produced laccase, which was best expressed in malt extract medium supplemented with sugarcane bagasse.

Effects of ratio of manganese peroxidase to lignin peroxidase on transfer of ligninolytic enzymes in different composting substrates

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihua Zhao ◽  
Zhuotong Zeng ◽  
Guangming Zeng ◽  
Danlian Huang ◽  
Chongling Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes

scholarly journals Lignin-degrading activity and ligninolytic enzymes of different white-rot fungi: effects of manganese and malonate

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Vares ◽  
Annele Hatakka
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Trametes Hirsuta ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Trametes Trogii

Ten species of white-rot fungi, mainly belonging to the family Polyporaceae (Basidiomycotina), were studied in terms of their ability to degrade14C-ring labelled synthetic lignin and secrete ligninolytic enzymes in liquid cultures under varying growth conditions. Lignin mineralization by the fungi in an air atmosphere did not exceed 14% within 29 days. Different responses to the elevated Mn2+concentration and the addition of a manganese chelator (sodium malonate) were observed among various fungal species. This could be related with the utilization of either lignin peroxidase (LiP) or manganese peroxidase (MnP) for lignin depolymerization, i.e., some fungi apparently had an LiP-dominating ligninolytic system and others an MnP-dominating ligninolytic system. The LiP isoforms were purified from Trametes gibbosa and Trametes trogii. Isoelectric focusing of purified ligninolytic enzymes revealed the expression of numerous MnP isoforms in Trametes gibbosa, Trametes hirsuta, Trametes trogii, and Abortiporus biennis grown under a high (50-fold) Mn2+level (120 μM) with the addition of the chelator. In addition, two to three laccase isoforms were detected. Key words: white-rot fungi, lignin degradation, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, manganese, malonate.

Decolorization and Detoxication of Reactive Industrial Dyes by Immobilized Laccases

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2279-2283
Author(s):  
Ge Yang ◽  
Ke Shuai Lu ◽  
Xue Yan Su
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Alcohol Oxidase ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Ecotoxicity Test

Laccase immobilized on polyurethane foam cubes in bioreactors, were used to decolorize three industrial and model dyes at concentrations of 200, 1000 and 2000 ppm. Five sequential cycles were run for each dye and fungus. The activity of laccase, Mn-dependent and independent peroxidases, lignin peroxidase, and aryl-alcohol oxidase were daily monitored during the cycles and the toxicity ofmedia containing 1000 and 2000 ppm of each dye was assessed by the Lemna minor (duckweed) ecotoxicity test. Laccase was able to efficiently decolorize all dyes even at the highest concentration, and the duckweed test showed a significant reduction (p≤ 0.05) of the toxicity after the decolorization treatment. Laccase activities varied greatly and no clear correlation between decolorization and enzyme activity was obselved a high laccase activity during decolorization cycles. Laccase showed better decolorization and detoxication capability.

Polar vineyard pruning extracts increase the activity of the main ligninolytic enzymes in Lentinula edodes cultures

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1150-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Citlalli Harris-Valle ◽  
Martín Esqueda ◽  
Alfonso Sánchez ◽  
Miguel Beltrán-García ◽  
Elisa M. Valenzuela-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Alcohol Oxidase ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzyme ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Polar Extracts ◽  
The Relationship

Lentinula edodes is considered an alternative recycling agent for agricultural wastes, and there have been several studies to understand the relationship between its growth and ligninolytic activity. We tested the effect of wood from viticulture pruning, extracted with solvents of differing polarity, on the biomass production and activity pattern of ligninolytic enzymes. The analysis was done by measuring the mycelial dry mass and enzyme activity of liquid growth medium during the culture of L. edodes, adding either single extracts or a combination of extracts. Polar extracts enhanced mycelial production, and the activity patterns of lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, aryl alcohol oxidase, and laccase were comparable to their activities predicted by ligninolysis models proposed for other fungi. We conclude that the polar extracts could be useful for enhancing fungal biomass production and for modifying lignin degradation because the regulation of ligninolytic enzyme activity is differentially influenced by the polarity of the extract.

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