scholarly journals Migrant Childcare: Transferring the Functions of the Nuclear Family to Extended Families in Sampang Madura

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlia Indah Prastiwi
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Migrant Families ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Care Of Elderly ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Additional Income

Madura is a unique, multicultural area comprised of of 4 districts namely Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. With a significant amount of poverty in the Madura region, it is not surprising that so many Madurese people have become migrant workers, both raising their social status and providing additional income for their families. In Sampang, which is the location of this study, there are a lot of migrant workers who travel to other countries to make a decent living. The number is not certain in real terms, because there are many among the Sampang community who become illegal migrants. Being a migrant has a significant impact on childcare as while the financial needs of the children are met, their familial life is often less satisfactory as they are left to the care of elderly grandparents or members of the extended family. The lack of hands on parental involvement has contributed to a rise in juvenile delinquency among TKI / TKW children. Using qualitative research, and focusing on Sampang Madura as the largest contributor to the number of migrants throughout Madura, this study aims to determine the transition of nuclear family functions in migrant families and determine the impact arising from this transfer, as well as adaptations by migrant families to minimize the impact of nuclear family function transfer. The importance of further research to study the adaptation strategies of migrant families in managing children, given the increasing number of TKI / TKW who have children Keywords: Migrant Childcare, Sampang, juvenile delinquency

Help whom and help what? Intergenerational co-residence and the gender differences in time use among dual-earner households in Beijing, China

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 2058-2074
Author(s):  
Na Ta ◽  
Zhilin Liu ◽  
Yanwei Chai
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Dual Earner ◽  
Gendered Patterns ◽  
Household Labour ◽  
The Impact

An extensive literature has documented the conflict between employment and household responsibilities and its impacts on the gendered patterns of daily activities in dual-earner households. However, most studies have focused exclusively on the division of household labour in nuclear households, with insufficient attention paid to the impact of alternative household strategies such as co-residence with extended family members. This article investigates the extent to which the presence of elderly parents shifts gendered activity patterns and even reduces the gender inequality in time use in urban China. By drawing on an activity diary survey conducted in Beijing in 2012, we compare and contrast the gendered patterns in time use between nuclear family households and extended family households. We find that co-residence mitigates the tension between employment and household responsibilities for women and leads to greater gender equality in the division of household labour and a reduced gender gap in the time spent on employment. However, co-residence only enables women to shift their time allocation from household responsibilities to employment rather than to pursue discretionary activities, and therefore its positive role is limited. We further discuss the policy implications given the limitations of intergenerational co-residence as an individual-based solution for childcare and other social services in transitional urban China.

scholarly journals Agriculture À Base D’anacarde Et Formes Traditionnelles De Mobilisation De La Main D’oeuvre Agricole Chez Les Fohobélé Au Centre-Nord De La Côte d'Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Ouattara Nanfouhoro Paul-Kévin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Le système de production agricole des Fohobélé est basé sur une main d’oeuvre provenant principalement de la famille dite élargie et du nabonron qui est une institution sociale destinée à mutualiser la force de travail. A la suite de l’adoption de la culture de l’anacarde, l’économie locale s’est structurée autour d’une économie de plantation en remplacement de l’économie fondée sur la culture de rente qu’est le coton. Le présent article vise d’une part à connaitre l’impact de la culture de l’anacarde sur les structures sociales de mobilisation de la main d’oeuvre agricole des Fohobélé et d’autre part à découvrir les nouvelles stratégies de formation de la force de travail agricole. A travers des entretiens semi-directifs avec les acteurs locaux et des observations de terrain, il ressort de l’étude que l’adoption de cette nouvelle spéculation agricole a déstructuré les formes traditionnelles de la force de travail. La famille traditionnelle s’est éclatée pour laisser la place à des familles nucléaires. Le nabonron, forme d’entraide locale a disparu. La force de travail provient désormais de la famille nucléaire avec un rôle plus accru des femmes, des prestations monétarisées et de l’usage des produits chimiques dans l’agriculture. The Fohobélé agricultural production system is based on a workforce mainly coming from the so-called extended family and the nabonron, which is a social institution intended to pool the labor force. Following the adoption of cashew cultivation, the local economy was structured around a plantation economy to replace the economy based on the cash crop of cotton. This article aims on the one hand to know the impact of cashew cultivation on the social structures of mobilization of the agricultural workforce of the Fohobélé and on the other hand to discover the new strategies of strength training agricultural work. Through semi-structured interviews with local actors and field observations, it emerges from the study that the adoption of this new agricultural speculation has deconstructed the traditional forms of the labor force. The traditional family has split up to make way for nuclear families. The nabonron, a form of local mutual aid, has disappeared. The labor force now comes from the nuclear family with a greater role for women, cash benefits and the use of chemicals in agriculture.

scholarly journals Impact of Migrant Workers on Total Factor Productivity in Chinese Construction Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Ye ◽  
Yuhe Wang ◽  
Yuxin Zhang ◽  
Liming Wang ◽  
Houli Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Statistical Yearbook ◽  
The Impact

Total factor productivity (TFP) is of critical importance to the sustainable development of construction industry. This paper presents an analysis on the impact of migrant workers on TFP in Chinese construction sector. Interestingly, Solow Residual Approach is applied to conduct the analysis through comparing two scenarios, namely the scenario without considering migrant workers (Scenario A) and the scenario with including migrant workers (Scenario B). The data are collected from the China Statistical Yearbook on Construction and Chinese Annual Report on Migrant Workers for the period of 2008–2015. The results indicate that migrant workers have a significant impact on TFP, during the surveyed period they improved TFP by 10.42% in total and promoted the annual average TFP growth by 0.96%. Hence, it can be seen that the impact of migrant workers on TFP is very significant, whilst the main reason for such impact is believed to be the improvement of migrant workers’ quality obtained mainly throughout learning by doing.

An improved de Laval nozzle experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 030641902110341
Author(s):  
Nicholas Goodman ◽  
Brian J Leege ◽  
Peter E Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Laval Nozzle ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
Isentropic Flow ◽  
Hands On ◽  
De Laval Nozzle ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Exposing students to hands-on experiments has been a common approach to illustrating complex physical phenomena that have been otherwise modelled solely mathematically. Compressible, isentropic flow in a duct is an example of such a phenomenon, and it is often demonstrated via a de Laval nozzle experiment. We have improved an existing converging/diverging nozzle experiment so that students can modify the location of the normal shock that develops in the diverging portion to better understand the relationship between the shock and the pressure. We have also improved the data acquisition system for this experiment and explained how visualisation of the standing shock is now possible. The results of the updated system demonstrate that the accuracy of the isentropic flow characteristics has not been lost. Through pre- and post-laboratory quizzes, we show the impact on student learning as well.

Family tourism: Interpersonal interaction, existential authenticity and quality of tourist experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 135676672110224
Author(s):  
Han Chen ◽  
Yan Jiao ◽  
Xiaoyi Li ◽  
Kun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tourist Experience ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Impact

The functional value experience of family tourism has often been paid attention both by tourists themselves and the tourism industry, but the individual value experience of parents in family tourism has been neglected. Family tourism shifts the scenario of interpersonal interaction between families from home, the conventional environment, to a non-conventional one. This change in the interactive situation will inevitably bring about changes in interpersonal interaction behavior and individual perception, especially to tourists who take on the role of parents in a nuclear family. This study enriches the examination of the family tourism experience by exploring the interpersonal interaction, existential authenticity travel experiences, and quality of tourist experience perceived by parents in family tourism. The main findings are: 1) In the non-conventional environment of tourism, effective interaction between tourists and their families helps to improve tourists’ emotional experience and satisfaction; 2) Three aspects of existential authenticity are the internal causes of the impact of interpersonal interaction on emotional experience and satisfaction; 3) Differences in parental roles make important discrepancies between men and women’s perception of family tourism experiences. This study provides insights to understanding the family tourism market and brings valuable findings to the area of family tourism marketing and management.

The Origins of the Village Revisited: From Nuclear to Extended Households

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent V. Flannery
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Near East ◽  
Shared Storage ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Extended Households ◽  
The Village

In Mesoamerica and the Near East, the emergence of the village seems to have involved two stages. In the first stage, individuals were distributed through a series of small circular-to-oval structures, accompanied by communal or “shared” storage features. In the second stage, nuclear families occupied substantial rectangular houses with private storage rooms. Over the last 30 years a wealth of data from the Near East, Egypt, the Trans-Caucasus, India, Africa, and the Southwest U.S. have enriched our understanding of this phenomenon. And in Mesoamerica and the Near East, evidence suggests that nuclear family households eventually gave way to a third stage, one featuring extended family households whose greater labor force made possible extensive multifaceted economies.

Inter‐ethnic and labour‐community coalitions in class struggle in Taiwan since the advent of temporary immigration

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Class Struggle ◽  
Community Coalitions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Temporary Migrant ◽  
Temporary Migrants

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the class dimensions of racism in Taiwan against temporary migrant workers and migrants' efforts to build inter‐ethnic and labour‐community coalitions in struggle against racism.Design/methodology/approachAn important source of data for this study were the unstructured interview. Between September 2000 and December 2005, more than 50 temporary migrants and their support groups in Taiwan were interviewed, specifically about migrants' experiences of racism and their resistance strategies. These interviews were conducted face‐to‐face, sometimes with the assistance of translators. Between 2001 and 2007, some 70 people were interviewed by telephone, between Australia and Taiwan.FindingsIn Taiwan, temporary migrants suffer the racism of exploitation in that capital and the state “racially” categorize them as suitable only for the lowest paid and least appealing jobs. Migrants also suffer neglect by and exclusion from the labour unions. However, migrants have succeeded, on occasions, in class mobilization by building powerful inter‐ethnic ties as well as coalitions with some labor unions, local organizations and human rights lobbies.Research limitations/implicationsThe research raises implications for understanding the economic, social and political conditions which influence the emergence of inter‐ethnic bonds and labour‐community coalitions in class struggle.Practical implicationsThe research will contribute to a greater appreciation among Taiwan's labour activists of the real subordination of temporary migrant labour to capital and of the benefits of supporting migrants' mobilization efforts. These benefits can flow not only to migrants but also to the labour unions.Originality/valueA significant body of academic literature has recently emerged on temporary and illegal migrants' efforts to engage the union movements of industrialized host countries. There is a dearth, however, of academic research on the capacity of temporary migrants to invigorate union activism in Asia, including Taiwan.

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